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1、一、先读问题，弄清考查要点，以便能带着问题看文章，这样会心中有数，有的放矢。二、快速浏览全文，掌握全貌，注意发现与问题有关的信息，如果时间紧，至少要扫视一下起首段和尾段。再把标题和文章内容结合起来想一想，这样全文大意便清楚了。此时，不要忙于答题。第1页/共36页三、细读原文，捕捉相关信息词，掌握短文细节内容。这是解题的关键，应特别注意以下几点：1抓住四个W和一个H，就是边读边用铅笔做些标记，把What(事件)，When（时间），Where（地点），Why（原因），How（经过）划出来。抓住了四个“W”和一个“H”，就抓住了文章的全貌，一些直接性的问题便可解决。2抓住连接词及起关键作用的副词、代
2、词、介词、插入语等。因为这些词具有因果，让步，递进，转折，指代，列举及承上启下等各种连接上下文的特殊功能。这对考生分清文章层次，辨明各种关系，了解人物心理，推断作者意图，进行逻辑推理等手段来分析难点，都具有举足轻重的作用。3注意领会文章的寓意。第2页/共36页4根据题意，初选答案。这一步须仔细审题，领会测试要求，确定解题方法。对那些明显的，有把握的题可以断然确定，不必把其余三个答案再作推敲而浪费时间：有些略难的题，应再查阅短文（不是重读一遍），迅速找出依据，予以排除。常用的解题方法有如下几种：直接解题法。即从原文中直接找出答案。归纳解题法。对于不能从原文中直接找出答案的可在把握全文中心和线索的
3、前题下进行概括、归纳得出正确答案。第3页/共36页综合推理法。读者需统观全文，认真分析，综合推理及至计算，最后归纳出正确答案。题干中有suggest,conclude,conclusion,probably,reason,because,accordingto“等字眼时，属于推断概括型，考查内容着眼于全篇，考生应具备一定的分析归纳，推理等逻辑思维能力。捕捉关键词。在阅读时应该注意与问题相关的同义词，近义词，反义词或同位词等信息词来得出正确答案。转换解题法。即原文这么说，而在问题和所给选项中则用另外的词去转换一种说法，但仍表示同一含义。排除法。根据语言，句法结构，信息词和常识，在没有把握的选项中
4、用排除法得出正确答案。第4页/共36页四、重读原文，仔细斟酌核对答案。在解完最后一道题后，如果时间允许，再将原文读一遍；用全文的主题思想统率各思考题，研究其内在联系和逻辑关系，目的在于对所做答案进一步审查，推出未解答的题，以便减少失误。第5页/共36页典型例题分析根据内容，从短文后每题的四个选项中选择最佳的一项。MrBrownfirstwenttolookattheunderground-firewhenhewasseven.Throughthehole（洞）intheearthyoucouldseetheorangefire,butyouhadtolookfastbecauseitwasso
5、hot,saidMrBrown.In1898,hesawthefireoncemore（再一次）.Now,wecanonlyseethesmoke.ThefireMrBrownsawisnottheunderground-fire.Infact,thereare260coal（煤）firesintheworld.Theyareharmful（有害）anddangerous.Thenhowtoputthemout?Scientistshavetriedtoset（放置）firetoundergroundcoaltospeedup（加速）thefires.Inthisway,theburning（
6、燃烧）ofundergroundcoalwouldbesoonfinished.（被烧完）。第6页/共36页1.MrBrownfirstsawtheunderground-fire_.A.attheageofsevenB.sevenyearsoldC.intheyearof1898D.morethan（超过）80yearsago2.MrBrownsaidthatwehadtotakeafastlookatthefirebecause_.A.itwasinthehole B.itwasveryhotC.itwasorangeD.itwasharmful3.Howmanycoalfiresaret
7、hereintheworld?A.Theresonlyone.B.Itshardtosay.C.Thereare260.D.Thearticle（文章）doesnttellus.ABC第7页/共36页4.Whatsoneofthebestwaystoputout（扑灭）theundergroundfire?A.Tocover（覆盖）theholeswithstones（石块）.B.Tospeedupthefires.C.Toseethefiresburning.D.Todosomeexperiments（试验）.5.Whatisthebesttitle（标题）forthearticle?A.W
8、atchingtheUnderground-Fire.B.AWaytoPutOuttheCoalFires.C.TheBurningEarth.D.CoalandCoalFires.BB第8页/共36页分析1.在文章的第一段的第一句里可以找到依据。attheageofseven等于whenhewasseven，故正确答案为A。2这一题可以在第一段里直接找到答案，属于直接回答题。正确答案为B。3这一题可以在第二段里直接找到答案，属于直接回答题。正确答案为C。4在文章的最后一段提到了扑灭火的最好方法，那就是使火加速燃烧。正确答案为B。5完成这道题需作一定的归纳，因为文章中没有给出直接的回答。文章从
9、MrBrown两次看火，然后说出地下火的危害，最后提出如何灭火的方法。文章的前两段是给为什么要灭火和如何灭火铺垫，如何灭火才是文章的中心。故正确答案为B。第9页/共36页第10页/共36页一、根据文章内容判断正误Fredtelephonedhiswife.“Ivegottwofreeticketsforthetheatretonight,”hetoldher.“Meetmeoutsidetheoffice.Wellhavesomethingtoeatandthengoontothetheatre.”Fredswifewasverypleased.Theyhadntbeentothetheatr
10、eforalongtime.Shemetherhusbandashetoldher.Theyhaddinnerandgottothetheatrejustintime.AttheentranceFredtookouthiswallettogetthetickets.“Itsverystrange,”hesaid.“Theyarenthere!”“Tryyourpockets,”saidhiswife.Buttheticketswerentthere,either.ThenFredlookedveryembarrassed(尴尬).“Whatsthematter?”askedhiswife.“W
11、ell,”Fredsaid,“IrememberwhatIdidwithmytickets.Iputtheminmybag.ButbecauseIwasntgoinghome,Ileftitintheoffice!”第11页/共36页()1.Oneday,Fredwasgiventheticketsforthetheatre.()2.Fredandhiswifewenttothetheatrequiteoften.()3.Fredwantedtomeethiswifeinarestaurant.()4.Theyreachedthetheatreneitherlatenorearly.()5.T
12、henFredcouldntfindhisticketsandrememberedwhathehaddonewiththetickets.1、T因为第一段中提到Fredtoldhiswife“Ivegottwofreetickets”“free”此处是免费的意思。2、F第二段中提到“Theyhadntbeentothetheaterforalongtime.”3、F第一段中Fred说“Meetmeoutsidetheoffice.”4、T第二段中“intime”是及时的意思。5T结尾处提到的。第12页/共36页DavidMcConnellsoldbooksfromdoortodoor.Hous
13、ewives(家庭主妇)werenotinterestedinthebooks.Usuallybeforehehadenoughtimetosayanythingabouthisbooks,thewomenclosedtheirdoors.Buthedidntgiveup.McConnelldecidedtobringeachofthemapresent,asmallbottleofperfume(香水)madebyhimself.Hesoonfoundthatthewomenlikedtheperfumebetterthanthebooks.Hestoppedsellingbookstose
14、llperfumeinsteadandstartedhisowncompany“Avon”,whichisagreatsuccess.Whenyoudonothing,youlearnnothing.Butwhenyoutry,eventhoughyouarenotsuccessful,youwilllearnwhatdoesntworkandthatputsyouclosertowhatwillwork.Itdoesntmatterhowmanytimesyouarenotsuccessful.Itdoesmatterthatyouwillbesuccessfuloneday.第13页/共3
15、6页Edisonwasnotonthewaytosuccessuntilpeopleboughthisfirstinvention.SuccessonceisenoughforEdison.Andthesameforyousuccessonceisenough.()1.McConnellwassuccessfulasabook-seller.()2.McConnellhopedthosewomenwouldbuyhisbooksifhebroughtthemeachapresent.()3.Ifyoudonothingatall,youwillneverbesuccessful.()4.Edi
16、sonwassuccessfulattheverybeginning.()5.Thewriterencouragedustotryasmuchaswecan.FTTFT第14页/共36页1、F从第一段“Hestoppedsellingbookstosellperfumestead.”，可以判断出他在推销书方面并不成功。2、T第一段第三行提到“McConnelldecidedtobringeachofthemapresent,”。3、T这句是第二段前两句的解释。4、F最后一段，第一句说明Edison的发明被人们认可后才走上了成功之路。5、T第二段中作者提出了自己的观点。第15页/共36页Soci
17、ologists(社会学家),workinginwesterncountries,havefoundthatalargenumberofwomenwishedtheyhadbeenbornmen.Thenumberissaidtobeashighas60%inGermany.“Womenoftenwishtheyhadthesamechancesasmenhave,andthinkitisstillmensworld,”saidDrJamesHelen,oneofthesociologistswhodidthestudy.Manymensaythattheyhavemoredutiesthan
18、women.Amanhastomakemoneytosupport(养活)hisfamilyandtomaketheimportantdecision,soitisrightformentobepaidmore.Someareevenagainsttheirwivesworkingatall.Whenwivesgoouttowork,theysay,thehomeandchildrencannotbe第16页/共36页takengoodcareof.Ifwomentakefull-timejobs,theywontbeabletodowhattheyarebestatdoing:makinga
19、nicehomeandbringingupthechildren.Somewomendisagree.Theysaytheywanttogetoutoftheirhomesandtohavefreedom(自由)tochoosebetweenworkandhomelife.Womenhavetherightofequalpayandequalchances(平等机会).AnneHarperhasaverygoodjob.Shealsobelievesin“WomensLiberation(解放).”“IdontwishIwereaman,”shesays,“andIdontthinkmanyw
20、omendo.ButIdowishpeoplewouldstoptreating(对待)uslikesecondclasspeople.第17页/共36页Atwork,forexample,weusuallydotheworkthatmendobutgetpaidless.Therearestillalotofjobsonlytomenusuallytheyarethebestones.Ifyouareaman,youhaveamuchbetterchanceoflivingawonderfullife.Howmanywomenscientistsarethereorengineers?”第1
21、8页/共36页()1.manymenthink_.A.womencantdowhatmencanB.menhavetoworkmuchharderthanwomenC.mencanmakemoneymoreeasilythanwomenD.womensdutyismainlytodohouseworkathome1、D这是一道概括主旨的题，答此题的依据是第三段内容。这段开头两句话说的是重男，那么不言而喻，家务活和教育子女的任务应有妇女承担；另有一些男士则公开反对女士外出工作。可见，不少男士认为妇女的主要职责是在家料理家务。第19页/共36页()2.Somewomenhavedifferenti
22、deas,Theysaythat_.A.womenneedchancestogooutofthehomemoreoftenB.womenwantmorefreedomindecidingthekindoflifetheywantC.ifwomenaregivenequalpay,theycandoeverythinginsteadofmenD.womenarenolongerinterestedintakingcareoftheirhomes2、B一些妇女持不同观点，文中第四段反映了他们的意见。这也正是文章的中心思想的写作意图-争取人权平等，妇女自由，男女平等。第20页/共36页()3.Ann
23、eHarperdidntwishtobeaman_.A.becauseshebelievedin“WomensLiberation”B.butshewishedtogetthesamejobsasmenC.becauseshehadgotagoodjobD.butshewishedtotreatedthesameasaman3、D安妮.哈珀不希望自己是男士，但她希望社会像对待男士一样对待她。该题是一考查细节的题，答案在最后一段。第21页/共36页()4.AnneHarperthoughtthat_.A.womenshouldliveabetterlifethanmenB.womenshould
24、bereallyliberatedC.womenshouldbegivenbetterjobsthanmenD.womenshouldliveamorewonderfullife4、B安妮.哈珀的想法正是作者的意图，如最后一段写到：Shealsobelievesin“WomensLiberation.”然后她又列举了许多事实，其立意还是为了说明这一正确论点。第22页/共36页()5.Whichofthefollowingisnottrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Therearemoremenscientists,engineersthanwomenones.B.Wome
25、naresecondclasspeople,sotheyshouldntliveabetterlife.C.Womendothesamejobsasmen,butgetpaidlessthanmen.D.TherearesomebestJobsthatwomenhavefewchancestotake.5、B选题B的观点在文中没有出现。文中男士尽管摆出种种理由，但还没有人敢明目张胆地发表歧视妇女的观点，即把妇女作为二等公民，认为妇女不应生活的更美好。第23页/共36页Haveyoueverheldatoyballoon(气球)?Theyareverylight.Buttherearemuchb
26、iggerballoons.Theseballoonscanflyveryhighupinthesky.Theyarebigenoughtocarrypeople.Theyarecalledhot-airballoons.Tomakeahot-airballoongoup,turnontheburner(燃烧器).Thatwillmaketheairinsidetheballoonhotter.Thentheballoonwillgoup.Tomaketheballoongodown,turnofftheburner.Theairinsidetheballoonwillgetcooler.Th
27、entheballoonwillgodown.第24页/共36页Underneath(在下面)theballoonthereisalargebasket.Thatiswherethepilot(飞行员)andthepassengers(乘客)go.Theburnerisjustabovethebasket.Youcanstandinthebasketandturntheburneronandoff.Theballoonwillgowherethewindblowsit.Doyouwanttheballoontogosomewherespecial?Firstmakesurethewindisb
28、lowingtherightway!Peoplehavebeenflyinginhot-airballoonsforovertwohundredyears.Beforeplanesitwastheonlywayofflying.Todaypeopleflyinhotairballoonsforfun.Somepeopleliketoracehot-airballoons.ThefirstHot-AirBalloonWorldChampionship(锦标赛)washeldin1973.第25页/共36页()1.Ahot-airballoonis_.A.smallerthanatoyballoo
29、nB.biggerthanatoyballoonC.thesameasatoyballoonD.lighterthanatoyballoon1、B由“Buttheyaremuchbiggerballoons.”可知。这里的比较级是与前面“atoyballoon”相比较。第26页/共36页()2.Wherewillyousitifyouwanttoflyintheballoon?A.Insidethebasket.B.OntopoftheballoonC.UnderthebasketD.Insidetheballoon2、A这是一篇有关热气球的科普文章，需要考生熟知有关热气球的基本常识。热气球有
30、燃烧器（也可叫加热器），打开燃烧器，气球内气体被加热，气球会上升，反之就下降。气球下面是一个大篮子，飞行员或乘客在此处，燃烧器在篮子上方。热气球总要随风向飞行。第27页/共36页()3.Youwanttheballoontogoup.Soyouwill_.A.jumpoutiftheballoonB.lettheairoutoftheballoonC.maketheairinsidetheballoonhotterD.lettheairinsidetheballooncooldown3、C由第二段的叙述可知。第28页/共36页()4.Nowyouarehighupinthesky.Ifyouw
31、anttheballoongodown,youwill_.A.makeyourfriendsgetoutofthebasketB.makeaholeintheballoonwithaknifeC.maketheairinsidetheballoonhotterD.maketheairinsidetheballooncooler4、D由第三段的叙述可知。第29页/共36页()5.Noweverythingisallright!Theballoonisflyingacrossthesky.Whereareyougoing?A.Towardsthesun.B.Totheseaside.C.Where
32、thewindblowsyou.D.Tothenearestmountains.5、C由第六段的叙述可知。第30页/共36页(4)Bobwashappy.Hewasatanewschool,andtheotherstudentswerefriendly.“Hi,Bob!”theysaid.Butsomestudentssaid,“Hi,Peter!”Bobdidntunderstand.Heaskedanotherstudent,“WhydosomestudentscallmePeter?”“Oh,thatseasytoanswer,”thestudentssaid.“Petewasastud
33、entherelastyear.Nowhegoestoadifferentschool.YoulooklikePeter.SomestudentsthinkthatyourePeter.”第31页/共36页BobwantedtomeetPeter.HegotPetersaddressfromastudentandwenttoPetershouse.Peteropenedthedoor.Bobcouldntbelievehiseyes.HelookedreallylikePeter!BobandPeterhadthesamecoloureyesandthesamesmile.Theyhadthe
34、sameblackhair.Theyalsohadthesamebirthday.Andtheybothwereadopted(领养)bytwodifferentfamilies.BobandPeterfoundoutthattheyweretwinbrothers.Soonaftertheboyswereborn,onefamilyadoptedBob,andanotherfamilyadoptedPeter.Bobsfamilynever knewaboutPeter,andPetersfamilyneverknewaboutBob.第32页/共36页BobandPetersstorywa
35、sinthenewspaper.TherewasaphotoofBobandPeternexttothestory.AyoungmannamedJohnsawthephotointhenewspaper.Johncouldntbelievehiseyes.HelookedreallylikeBobandPeter!Hehadthesamecoloureyesandthesamesmile.Hehadthesameblackhair.Hehadthesamebirthday.Andhe,too,wasadoptedbyanotherfamily.LaterJohnmetBobandPeter.W
36、henBobandPetersawJohn,theycouldntbelievetheireyes.Johnlookedreallylikethem!WhydidJohnlookreallylikeBobandPeter?Youcanguess.BobandPeterarenottwins.Bob,PeterandJohnaretriplets.第33页/共36页1.HowdidBobfeelatanewschool?2.WhydidsomestudentsmistakeBobforPeter?3.WheredidBobseePeter?4.HowdidJohnknowthestory?5.W
37、hatdoesitmeanby“triplets”,doyouknow?1.Hewashappy.2.BecauseBoblookedlikePeterverymuch.3.InPetershouse.4.Heknewthestoryfromthenewspaper.5.ItmeansBob,PeterandJohnwerebornonthesameday,andtheyarebrothers.第34页/共36页（8）Everyonebathesinadifferentway.MostAmericansnevertakeabath.Theysoapandrinse（冲洗）offunderthe
38、shower.TheEnglishalwaystakeabath.First,theysitinabathtubfullofwarmwater.Thentheysoapthemselves,andfinally,theyrinseoffthesoap,allinthesamewater.TheJapaneseontheotherhand,firstwashwithsoapintheshower.Thentheygoandsitinabathtubfullofwarmwaterfortwentyminutesormore.Later,othersinthefamilyusethesamewatertositandrelaxin.第35页/共36页感谢您的观看！第36页/共36页