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1、2021 年茂名市电白县东城中学高三英语下学期期末试题及答案 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A Plan Your Visit to the British Museum Weve made a few changes to ensure you can safely enjoy your visit:How to book tickets Tickets for the permanent collection can only be hooked onlin
2、e in advance.To book tickets for exhibitions,visit our exhibition pages.If you want to guarantee your visit to the permanent collection as well as the exhibition on your visit,you will need to book a separate ticket.We are limiting numbers of people in the museum to ensure there is room for you to s
3、afely enjoy your visit.Everyone,including members and volunteers,will therefore need to book a free,timed ticket in advance.Important information about your ticket booking You can book up to six tickets for people who live in the same family.We will email yourticket to you,and you will need to show
4、it either printed out or on your device(设备)when you arrive.Please arrive at the time stated on your ticket-we cannot guarantee admission before or after it.Following the route We have created a new one-way route through the museum which will allow you to safely explore world cultures from the Medite
5、rranean to the Middle East and from the Americas to Africa.View a map of the route(Open in a new window).Our audio guides(音频指南)are not available.However,youcan pay to download the audio introductions from iTunes(Open in a new window)or Google Play(Open in a new window)to each of the galleries and li
6、sten on your own device.Please remember to bring along your own headphones.1.Why does the museum offer timed tickets?A.To earn more money.B.To hire more volunteers.C.To save room for collections.D.To control the number of visitors.2.How can a visitor learn about the new route in advance?A.View an on
7、line map.B.Buy a new headphone.C.Buy audio guides from the museum.D.Download video introductions from iTunes.3.Where can you probably find the text?A.In a newspaper.B.In a magazine.C.On a website.D.In a report.B The race skywards began inAmerica.In the late1800s,industrialization had driven urban po
8、pulations and land prices up,making tall buildings increasingly cost-effective,according to Carol Willis,director of theSkyscraperMuseuminNew York,“The very first tall buildings were office buildings that concentrated a work force,piled one on top of the other in order to make business very efficien
9、t,”she says.Like all major changes in architecture,the trend wasunderpinnedby engineering.The development of steel framework,which could be used instead of load-bearing stones,made it easier and cheaper to build tall.The coming of the elevator,meanwhile,made living on higher floors far more convenie
10、nt.Though similar in shape,todays skyscrapers(摩天大楼)look little like those built in the first half of the 20thcentury.This is mostly thanks to architectures next major technological shift：the curtain wall.Postwar developments in manufacturing meant that huge panes of glass could be produced quickly a
11、nd uniformly,and glass windows soon became the front of choice for high-rises.As well as allowing for greater floor space and more natural light,glass exteriors(外部)help.buildings resist greater windloads.There are now 191 completed skyscrapers that are at least 300 meters tall.But that doesnt mean o
12、ur cities will grow taller indefinitely.While each additional story adds sellable floor space,construction costs also rise.All buildings reach a point where adding an extra floor will cost more money than it brings.“Every city wants to have this landmark that gives that sense of distinct culture,”bu
13、t it also needs places for people to live and work in urban settings“without the city sprawling(无序扩张),”explains Hong Kong architect Simon Chan.The next big challenge facing architects goes beyond height：At a time when buildings and their construction account for more than a third of the worlds energ
14、y consumption and contribute about 40%of greenhouse gas emissions(排放),there are new costs to consider.Whether its employing more energy-efficient materials,encouraging natural air or using buildings themselves to generate solar or wind energy,reducing carbon emissions is the new frontier for many sk
15、yscraper architects.4.What does the underlined word“underpinned”in paragraph 2 probably mean?A.Created.B.Prepared.C.Suggested.D.Supported.5.What made living on higher floors much more convenient?A.The development of steel framework.B.Load-bearing stones.C.The use of the elevator.D.The curtain wall.6
16、.What can we know from paragraph 5?A.Our cities will grow taller definitely.B.All skyscrapers are at least 300 meters tall.C.Construction cost rises as the stories increase.D.The profit for builders will be greater as the building becomes higher.7.Whats the next big challenge facing architects?A.How
17、 to build the greenest building.B.How to build the strongest building.C.How to build the tallest building in the world.D.How to build the most comfortable building.C Is renting clothes greener than buying them?Sustainable(可持续的)fashion expert Elizabeth Cline isnt sure.Clothing renting is a hot new in
18、dustry and businessmen are trying to attract shoppers who care about the environment.Last summer alone,Urban Outfitters,Macys,Bloomingdales American EagleandBanana Republicall announced renting services a sure sign of changing times.But is renting fashion actually more environmentally-friendly than
19、buying it?And if so,how much more?Journalist and author Elizabeth Cline researched this question in a feature article for Elle,and she concluded that its not as sustainable as it seems.Take shipping for example,which has to go two ways if an item is rented receiving and returning.Cline writes that c
20、onsumer transportation has the second largest carbon footprint of our collective fashion habit after manufacturing.Then theres the burden of washing,which has to happen for every item when its returned,regardless of whether or not it was worn.For most renting services,this usually means dry-cleaning
21、,which is a polluting process.All the renting services that Cline looked into have replaced perchloroethylene,a carcinogenic(致癌的)air pollutants thats still used by 70 percent of US dry cleaners,with hydrocarbon(碳氢化合物)alternatives,although these arent great either.They can produce harmful waste and a
22、ir pollution if not handled correctly.Lastly,Cline fears that renting services will increase our appetite for fast fashion,simply because its so easily accessible.Theres something called“share-washing”that makes people have more wasteful behaviors because a product or service is shared and thus is c
23、onsidered more eco-friendly.Uber is one example of this:advertised as a way to share rides and reduce car ownership,and yet it has been proven to discourage walking,bicycling and public transportation use.Renting clothes is still preferable to buying them cheap and throwing them into the bin after w
24、earing them a few times,but we shouldnt let the availability of these services make us self-satisfied.Theres an even better step and thats wearing what we already have.8.What do we know about Elizabeth Cline from the passage?A.She is trying to attract shoppers.B.She is an expert and journalist.C.She
25、 has created“share-washing”.D.She never rents clothes.9.Why does renting services increase peoples appetite for fast fashion?A.Because it is handled correctly.B.Because it is transported easily.C.Because it is fairly eco-friendly.D.Because it is easily accessible.10.What can we infer from the passag
26、e?A.Clothing renting became popular ten years ago.B.Consumer transportation has the largest carbon footprint.C.Renting clothes deserves further consideration.D.Uber is a good example of sharing rides.11.Which section of a newspaper does the text probably come from?A.Environment.B.Technology.C.Travel
27、.D.Medicine.D Sonja Redding and her family were on their way home to Omaha,Nebraska,after a weeklong visit to Washington,D.C.with her two sons,one of whom,5-year-old Xayvior,has autism(自闭症).Although all of the other flights had gone fine,Xayvior became angry during one of the flights,and Redding cou
28、ldnt calm him.“It felt like everyone on the plane was looking at us and got angry with my son,”she wrote in a Facebook post after she got home.“I dont know what to do when others just dont understand that he is not just a kid with no discipline(自制力)，but a child with special needs who doesnt know how
29、 to control himself.”The day was saved by Delta flight attendant(空乘人员)Amanda Amburgy.She tried to help Xayvior watch a movie,but when that failed,she offered to take him on a tour of the airplane.That worked,and soon the child was not only calm,but having a good time.“When they came back,Xayvior was
30、 much calmer and happier,”wrote Redding in the post，which now has 2,700 likes and over 500 shares.“I want to thank this Delta attendant.She didnt judge,and she just showed love.We need more people like this in the world.”It wasnt long before Amburgy was told about the post.“Were there to help,and th
31、ats what we want to do,”she said in an interview.“So,we always want to make anything easier for the family as well as other passengers.”She also shared what she felt when she read Reddings story.“When I read it,it touched my heart.Its something I would do for anyone on the plane,because thats what I
32、m here for.It really made a difference in her life.”12.How did Redding feel on the plane?A.Tired.B.Uncomfortable.C.Very angry.D.Deeply afraid.13.What did Amburgy do to help the family?A.She asked the family to stay beside her.B.She asked the other passengers for help.C.She tried her best to calm the
33、 boy.D.She helped look after the other boy.14.Why did Redding post the story?A.To show her thanks.B.To help kids with autism.C.To get in touch with Amburgy.D.To share her travel experience.15.Which of the following words can best describe Amburgy?A.Proud.B.Honest.C.Hard-working.D.Warm-hearted.第二节（共
34、5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 Everyone may have a good understanding of sleep,but do you think you know everything about sleep？_16_.11 Days _17_.Some people oversleep about an hour or two,but it doesnt generally go beyond that.Well,it might be interesting to know tha
35、t the world record holder for sleeping is 11 days!Weight by Sleep This one is pretty strange,but getting a sufficient amount of sleep can help you lose weight._18_,which makes a big difference if you are trying to lose or maintain your weight.Make sure you turn off the lights,keep the temperature in
36、 your room cool,and get comfortable sheets to promote good sleep._19_ Sufficient sleep promotes good blood circulation,helps you control your mood,and you know it can help monitor your appetite.It is no surprise that a study shows that you can increase your life expectancy by simply getting high-qua
37、lity sleeping.Hopefully,some of these facts help you learn more about sleep and why it is a little more interesting than you might have thought before._20_,so you can get to the bottom of the problem and regain your ability to sleep well.A.Longevity with sleep B.The more sleep you get,the longer you
38、 will live C.Finally if you have more information about facts D.When it comes to sleep,most people get about 8 hours of sleep E.Next,some craziest facts about sleep will be introduced to you F.This happens because sleeping reduces your appetite by whopping 45 percent G.Keep in mind that sleeping wel
39、l means sleeping a full eight hours and always sleeping at the same time every night 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 A few months ago,one of my fellow graduate students was offered an incredible career-building opportunity.His efforts on
40、a student-led campaign to increase federal funding for basic research had_21_an invitation to speak on a conference panel(专家组).It would look great on his CV(简历).I was_22_for him,of course.I had been a(n)_23_partner in the campaign.I felt that I deserved the same opportunity.Yet I hadnt been_24_,and
41、I wasnt sure why.Growing up,I had been taught that the way to_25_was to put my head down and work hard.If my work was good enough,it would speak for itself and I would be_26_.This,coupled with a natural_27_,meant that I_28_worked up the nerve to put myself forward.However,I decided that I need to_29
42、_my life again by becoming my own biggest_30_.So,with my_31_beating fast,I asked my colleague to ask the panel organizers to_32_me.My mind flooded with a list of well-practiced_33_.Maybe I didnt deserve it.Maybe I was being too_34_.But my colleague immediately contacted the organizers,who quickly ag
43、reed to_35_me to the panel.Ive come to understand that I cant be recognized for my work if Im invisible.This isnt a revolutionary_36_,I know,but as an introvert(内向的人)this is my_37_Mount Qomolangma.I think advocating for myself will always make me a little_38_.But I do plenty of other uncomfortable t
44、hings to_39_Im living my best life,like getting flu shots.I suppose I can do the same for my_40_ 21.A.turned down B.lacked for C.referred to D.led to 22.A.thankful B.happy C.sorry D.ready 23.A.legal B.mental C.equal D.special 24.A.invited B.promoted C.informed D.dismissed 25.A.practice B.success C.p
45、ower D.reality 26.A.observed B.protected C.attracted D.rewarded 27.A.shyness B.warmth C.kindness D.sweetness 28.A.quietly B.frequently C.rarely D.completely 29.A.make sense of B.take control of C.pay attention to D.find fault with 30.A.advocate B.promise C.harvest D.sacrifice 31.A.brain B.bone C.hea
46、rt D.stomach 32.A.question B.include C.serve D.withdraw 33.A.get-together B.background C.self-doubt D.breakthrough 34.A.stubborn B.proud C.nervous D.ambitious 35.A.add B.send C.report D.track 36.A.test B.idea C.visit D.plan 37.A.personal B.professional C.skeptical D.traditional 38.A.unreasonable B.d
47、ishonest C.uncomfortable D.discontent 39.A.figure B.predict C.record D.ensure 40.A.health B.colleague C.education D.career 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 Michael Collins,the Apollo 11 command module（舱）pilot and first astronaut_41._(travel)the far side of the moon alo
48、ne,has died of cancer at the age of 90.“Today the nation lost a true pioneer and lifelong advocate for_42._(explore)in astronautics,”NASA Administrator Steve Jurczyk said in a statement published on Wednesday.“As the pilot of the Apollo 11 command modulesome called him the loneliest man in his toryw
49、hile his_43._(colleague)walked on the moon for the first time,he helped our nation achieve a definite milestone.”On that famous mission,Collins worked alone in the command module“Columbia”for 21.5 hours,during_44._the module floated behind the moon,S previously reported.In the last moments before he
50、 temporarily lost contact_45._Mission Control Centre,he wrote,“I am alone now,truly alone,and ly isolated from any known life.I am it.If a count were taken,the score would be 3 billion on earth plus two over on the other side of the moon,and one who knows whats on this side.”Hence,Collins_46._(earn)