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1、2021 届东莞市虎门第三中学高三英语一模试题及参考答案 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A It looks like 2017 is shaping up to be a record-breaking year in movie History.Here is a list of some of the years biggest blockbusters so far.Kong:Skull Island A reboot(重启)of King Kong w
2、ould normally get laughed at in this day and age,but it looks like this modem version of the story will be worth watching.With US actress Brie Larson and UK actor Tom Hiddleston in the mix,this film is set to be this years biggest monster tale.Release Date:3/10/17 Beauty and the Beast Director Bill
3、Condon is bringing back a part of our childhood in live action,complete with the songs we all remember and love.With British stars Emma Watson and Dan Stevens leading thecast,the classic Walt Disney story already sounds like itll be a delight for both children and adults.Release Date:3/17/17 The Fat
4、e of the Furious There was doubt that wed even get a Fast 8,especially after the fitting ending US actor Paul Walkers character was given at the end of Furious 7.Fans thought theyd never see Dom and the rest of the crew back in action,but thankfully,US star Vin Diesel himself confirmed that The Fate
5、 of the Furious is fueling up for another go.Release Date:4/14/17 Spider-Man:Homecoming Spider Man is heading home to Marvel Studios for the first time.The movie will show us Peter Parkers high school days,and will continue the threads we saw formed during his initial appearance in Captain America:C
6、ivil War.We know that Michael Keaton is playing The Vulture in this story,and that both Happy Hogan and Tony Stark,played by US actors Jon Favreau and Robert Downey Jr.,are along for the ride.Release Date:7/7/17 1.Which of the following movies cant you see on May Day?A.Kong:Skull Island.B.Beauty and
7、 the Beast.C.The Fate of the Furious.D.Spider-Man:Homecoming.2.What can we know about Beauty and the Beast?A.It is fueling up for another go.B.It is produced by Marvel Studios C.Itll show us Peter Parkers school days.D.Itll be enjoyable for both children and adults.3.What does the underlined word“ca
8、st”probably mean?A.Characters.B.Actors.C.Directors.D.Teachers.B The early life of the green sea turtle(海龟)is full of danger.Only one in 1,000 baby sea turtles survive to adulthood(成年).From its home in the sand,it breaks its egg with an egg tooth.Its mother is not there to help it.Instead,it is greet
9、ed by crabs,coyotes,and dogs waiting to eat it for dinner.To survive,the baby turtle must hide in the sand until night.Then,it moves slowly to the sea.The small turtle must swim hard to reach the ocean waters.In the sea,it tries hard to find food.It must also keep itself from being food for fish.As
10、dangerous as the sea turtles life is in the natural world,its most dangerous enemies are humans.The rubbish left by humans in the ocean causes problems for the small green sea turtle.A little turtle might eat a piece ofplastic(塑料)in the sea.It might also eat oil on the oceans surface.Young turtles a
11、lso get caught in fishing nets.There are laws against hunting sea turtles.Still,many are hunted,both for their meat and for their shells(壳).All of these dangers must be prevented.Sea turtles that do survive to grow into adulthood go through many changes.For example,adult green sea turtles weigh abou
12、t 500 pounds.They stop eating jellyfish and other meat and eat only plants.And they may plan a trip to go back home again.A mother sea turtle goes back to the beach where she was born.This is the only place where she will lay eggs.Even if it has been forty years since she was a baby,she always knows
13、 her way back home.4.Why do baby turtles move to the sea at night?A.They dislike sunshine.B.They prefer lower temperatures.C.They can find food easily then.D.They need to avoid enemies.5.What does the author think of the young turtles in Paragraph 3?A.Pitiful.B.Careless.C.Interesting.D.Courageous.6.
14、What can we learn about sea turtles?A.They mainly feed on fish and meat.B.They always produce eggs at their birthplaces.C.They can live for around forty years.D.They visit their beach homes several times a year.7.What is the text mainly about?A.The homes of green sea turtles.B.How sea turtles find t
15、heir food.C.The dangers faced by sea turtles.D.How young turtles become adults.C Your best friend that follows you around when the sun comes out-your shadow-doesnt serve an important function like your heart or brain,but what if you could use shadows to create electricity?When using solar panels(电池板
16、)that are powered by light,shadows can be boring because it means electricity cant be created.However,researchers from the National University of Singapore have engineered a way to create power from the shadows present everywhere.A team of the university created a machine that can collect energy fro
17、m shadows.It is created by placing a thin coating of gold onto silicon(硅).Like in a normal solar panel,when put in light,the silicon electrons(电子)become energized and the energized electrons then jump from the silicon to the gold.The voltage(电压)of the part of the machine that is placed in the light
18、increases to the dark part and the electrons in the machine flow from high to low voltage.They are sent through an external circuit(外电路)creating a current that can be used to power another machine.The greater the contrast between light and dark,more energy is provided by the machine.The team isworki
19、ng on improving the performance of the machine,borrowing approaches from solar panels to gather light.Increasing the amount of light the machines can receive allows them to better make use of shadows,as well as developing shadow energy collecting panels that can successfully gather from indoor light
20、ing.The team is also researching the use of other materials other than gold to drop the price of the machine,meaning they would be more cost effective and easier to apply in society.Shadows are present everywhere and perhaps one day in the future we will be able to collect energy from them by placin
21、g the shadow-effect energy machine around the world in places that have been considered unfit for solar panels to work,or indoors.“A lot of people think that shadows are useless,”Tan says,but“anything can be useful,even shadows.”8.What is Paragraph 1 mainly about?A.Your best friend always stays with
22、 you after the sunrise.B.The shadow has the same function as the heart and brain.C.Shadows can stop solar panels from creating electricity.D.Researchers have found a way to create power from shadows.9.What is the key working principle of the machine mentioned in the text?A.The silicon produces elect
23、ricity when it is in the light.B.The gold produces power with the help of the silicon.C.The energized electrons flow from high to low voltage.D.An external circuit creates current using another machine.10.How does the team improve the performance of the machine?A.Using solar panels in the machine.B.
24、Increasing the amount of light received.C.Developing light energy collecting panels.D.Bringing down the price of gold.11.Which of the following is the best place to apply the machine?A.A gym.B.A park.C.A farm.D.A playground.D In a study published in Nature Machine Intelligence,researchers at Ohio St
25、ate University show how artificial intelligence（AI）can follow clinical trials to identify drugs for repurposing,a solution that can help advance innovative treatments.Repurposing drugs is legal and not unusual.When doctors prescribe(开处方)drugs that have been approved by the Food and Drug Administrati
26、on(FDA)for purposes different from what is printed on the labels,the drugs are being used“off-label”Just because a drug is FDA-approved for a specific type of disease does not prevent it from having possible benefits for other purposes.For example,Metformin,a drug that is FDA-approved for treating t
27、ype 2 diabetes,is also used to treat PCOS(a disease of women),and other diseases.Trazodone,an anti-depressant with FDA-approval to treat depression,is also prescribed by doctors to help treat patients with sleep issues.The Ohio State University research team created an AI deep learning model for pre
28、dicting treatment probability with patient data including the treatment,outcomes,and potential confounders(干扰因素).Confounders are related to the exposure and outcome.For example,a connection is identified between music festivals and increases in skin rashes(红疹).Music festivals do not directly cause s
29、kin rashes.In this case,one possible confounding factor between the two may be outdoor heat,as music festivals tend to run outdoors when the temperature is high,and heat is a known cause for rashes.When working with real-world data,confounders could number in the thousands.AI deep learning is well-s
30、uited to find patterns in the complexity of potentially thousands of confounders.The researcher team used confounders including population data and co-prescribed drugs.With this proof-of-concept,now clinicians have a powerful AI tool to rapidly discover new treatments by repurposing existing medicat
31、ions.12.What do we know about a drug used off-label?A.It is sold without a label.B.It is available at a low price.C.Its uses extend beyond the original ones.D.Its clinical trials are rejected by doctors.13.Metformin and Trazodone are similar as both of them_.A.are used off-label B.treat rare disease
32、s C.result in sleep issues D.are medical breakthroughs 14.What can be inferred about“confounders”?A.They are possible treatments.B.They are environmental factors.C.They can be easily recognized in real-world data.D.They should be taken into serious consideration.15.What is the main idea of the text?
33、A.AI examines benefits of existing drugs.B.AI identifies off-label uses for drugs.C.AI finds new drugs for common diseases.D.AI proves the power of drug research.第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 Can We Stop Food Longing Through Imaginary Eating?Are you fighting an
34、 urge to reach for chocolate?Then,let it melt in your mind,not in your mouth.According to the recent research,imagining eating a specific food reduces your interest in that food,so you eat less of it.This reaction to repeated exposure to foodbeing less interested in something because youve experienc
35、ed it too muchis called habituation._16_ The research is the first to show that habituation can occur through the power of the mind.“If you just think about the food itselfhow it tastes and smellsthat will increase your appetite,”said Carey Morewedge,a well-known psychologist.“It might be better to
36、force yourself to repeatedly think about chewing and swallowing the food in order to reduce your longing._17_Visualizing yourself eating chocolate wouldnt prevent you from eating lots of cheese,”he added.Morewedge conducted an interesting experiment.51 subjects were divided into three groups.One gro
37、up was asked to imagine putting 30 coins into a laundry machine and then eating three chocolates._18_Another group was asked to imagine putting three coins into a laundry machine and then eating 30 chocolates.Lastly,a control group imagined just putting 33 coins into the machinewith no chocolates._1
38、9_When they said they had finished,these were taken away and weighed.The results showed the group that had imagined eating 30 chocolates each ate fewer of the chocolates than the other groups._20_Physical signalsthat full stomach feelingare only part of what tells us weve finished a meal.The researc
39、h suggests that psychological effects,such as habituation,also influence how much a person eats.It may lead to new behavioral techniques for people looking to eat more healthily,or have control over other habits.A.Whats more,this only works with the specific food youve imagined.B.People were advised
40、 to try different methods to perform the experiment.C.For example,a tenth bite is desired less than the first bite,according to the study.D.All of them then ate freely from bowls containing the same amount of chocolate each.E.It meant those who repeatedly imagined eating would concern about some spe
41、cific food.F.This requires the same motor skills as eating small chocolates from a packet,the study says.G.This study is part of the research looking into what makes us eat more than we actually need.第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 I love
42、 the feeling of flying when I swing(荡秋千)outside at school during class breaks.My_21_flies,and I smile and laugh.Theres only one thing I hate about swinging:For a long time,my friend Rylea was_22_to swing with me.Rylea uses a wheelchair to_23_due to illness.In all the years Ive known her,at_24_,she h
43、ad to sit in her wheelchair_25_on the sidewalk.It made me feel sad.Every kid_26_the chance to play,So I_27_to do something for Rylea.My mom and I did some_28_about installing(安装)swings which wheelchairs are_29_to.We talked to my headmaster.Each swing costs about$10,000.We wanted to_30_them at our sc
44、hool and at other schools in our area.We talked to a lot of people about the_31_.It turned out that an educational charity wanted to help pay for it.We_32_T-shirts and bracelets(手镯)to raise money.The_33_program took almost two years.My family and I_34_$12,000.One day after class,Rylea_35_the swing o
45、n the playground for the firsttime.It was the day after her birthday,which made it extra_36_.She got really excited.Watching her swing was_37_cool.Her hair blew,and she smiled and_38_.She liked swinging as much as I do,I guess thats because were so much_39_.Making it possible for her to swing brough
46、t me pride and_40_.1 think I actually changed her life a little.21.A.hair B.time C.collar D.mind 22.A.desperate B.forgetful C.unable D.unwilling 23.A.fool around B.get around C.go up D.sit up 24.A.work B.home C.break D.table 25.A.parked B.blocked C.trapped D.abandoned 26.A.grasps B.harvests C.obtain
47、s D.deserves 27.A.pretended B.hesitated C.bothered D.determined 28.A.operation B.research C.experiments D.interviews 29.A.accessible B.attractive C.close D.beneficial 30.A.place B.gather C.exhibit D.occupy 31.A.school B.response C.project D.restriction 32.A.selected B.sold C.exchanged D.recommended
48、33.A.regular B.strange C.whole D.troublesome 34.A.withdrew B.charged C.borrowed D.collected 35.A.imagined B.inspected C.repaired D.noticed 36.A.vivid B.complex C.special D.ridiculous 37.A.slightly B.frankly C.universally D.ly 38.A.yawned B.laughed C.trembled D.breathed 39.A.alike B.stubborn C.depend
49、ent D.straightforward 40.A.motivation B.joy C.wisdom D.sympathy 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 Have you ever dreamed of being famous_41._a popular musician?Many musicians,at first,may form a band_42._(practice)their music.And then they may get the chance to give_43._
50、(perform)in pubs or clubs.Later they may_44._(gradual)become popular.However,the Monkees started in a different way.Only one of_45._(they)was good enough and the other three members pretended to sing.To be honest,it couldnt be called a real band at the_46._(begin).Anyhow,their shows were_47._(humor)