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1、2021 年莱州市第六中学高三英语上学期期末试题及答案解析 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A Alex Palmer says hell never forget his 13th birthday,not because of a gift or a party,but fire.“It made me realize how valuable life is,”said Alex,a seventh grader atMonroeDemonstrationS
2、choolinTulsa,Oklahoma.On April 18,Alex and many other kids from his school were riding home on a school bus when they suddenly saw smoke coming from the bus engine.“It was jaw-dropping,”he told reporters.By the time Alex and some other kids made it out the bus back door,the bus was already on fire.A
3、nd some of their schoolmates were still inside.So he and some of the other older kids took action.“One little kid was slowing everyone down with his big backpack,”eighth grader Destiny Fain said,“so I got it off and threw it to the side and helped to make sure all the little kids werent fighting or
4、pushing.”As that was going on,sixth grader Marketez Doyle-Smith reportedly helped another classmate who had trouble in breathing because of the smoke.“We saw our friend lying on the ground,”he said,“so we took our shirts off and waved them to get him some air to breathe.”Marketez also reportedly sto
5、pped a younger kid trying to get back on the bus to search for something hed left behind.“Were all a family,”he told reporters.“So I went back to help the little kid.”Finally everyone made it off safely,thanks to Alex,Destiny,Marketez and several other kids.By later that day,they were already being
6、called heroes.“I really dont see it as being a hero,”Alex said,according to The World.“I see it as the right thing to dohelping others before you help yourself.”1.What happened on Alex s way home?A.The school bus was on fire suddenly.B.There was a party for Alexs birthday.C.He received a gift from h
7、is classmate.D.Some classmates quarreled with each other.2.By saying Were all a family.”Marketez probably meant A.Were brothers in the same family.B.Its our duty to help each other.C.Were classmates in the same class.D.The thing left on the bus is mine.3.According to the last paragraph,Alex thought
8、that he A.was not a brave student.B.had the right to do anything.C.had just done what he should do.D.hated to be called a hero by others.B Ten years ago,I set out to examine luck.I wanted to know why some people were always in the right place at the right time,while others consistently experienced i
9、ll fortune.I placed advertisements in national newspapers asking for people who felt consistently lucky or unlucky.Hundreds of extraordinary men and women volunteered for my research.Over the years I have interviewed them,monitored their lives and had them take part in various experiments.In one of
10、the experiments,I gave both lucky and unlucky people a newspaper,asking them to look through it and tell me how many photographs were inside.I had secretly placed a large message halfway through the newspaper,saying,“Tell the experimenter you have seen this and you will win$50.”This message took up
11、half of the page and was written in type that was more than two inches high.It was staring everyone in the face,but the unlucky people tended to miss it and the lucky people tended to spot it.Unlucky people are generally more nervous than lucky people,and this anxiety affects their ability to notice
12、 the unexpected.As a result,they miss opportunities because they are too focused on looking for something else.They go to gatherings concentrating on finding their perfect partners and miss opportunities to make good friends.They look through newspapers determined to find certain types of job advert
13、isements and miss other types of jobs.Lucky people are more relaxed and open,and therefore see what is there rather than just what they are looking for.My research eventually showed that lucky people are skilled at noticing opportunities,make lucky decisions by listening to their intuition(直觉),are o
14、pen to new experiences,and adopt a never-say-die attitude that transforms bad luck into good luck.4.Whats the purpose of the authors research?A.To discover what luck means to people.B.To find lucky people and unlucky people.C.To distinguish between good luck and bad luck.D.To figure out why people a
15、re always lucky or unlucky.5.Why did the unlucky people miss the message in the experiment?A.There was too much information to be read in detail.B.They were too focused on looking for photographs.C.It took too much time to go through newspapers.D.The words were too small to be noticed.6.What leads t
16、o lucky peoples good fortune?A.Their ability to spot opportunities.B.Their ability to become relaxed.C.Their ability to communicate.D.Their ability to make friends.7.Whats the key message of the last paragraph?A.What lucky people are looking for.B.How lucky people generate good luck.C.What lucky peo
17、ple can do with opportunities.D How lucky people transform bad luck into good luck.C You run into the grocery store to quickly pick up your item.You grab what you need and head to the front of the store.After quickly sizing up the check-out lines,you choose the one that looks fastest.You chose wrong
18、.People getting in other lines long after you have already checked out and headed to the parking lot.Why does this seem to always happen to you?Well,as it turns out,its just math that is working against you.A grocery store tries to have enough employees at the checkout lines to get all their custome
19、rs through with minimum delay.But sometimes,like on a Sunday afternoon,they get super busy.Because most grocery stores dont have the physical space to add more checkout lines,their system becomes overburdened.Some small interruption a price check,a particularly talkative customer will have downstrea
20、m effects,holding up the entire line behind them.If there are three lines at the store,these delays will happen randomly at different registers(收银台).Think about the probability.The chances of your line being that fastest one are only one in three,which means you have a two-thirds chance of not being
21、 in the fastest line.So its not just in your mind:Another line is probably moving faster thanyours.Now,mathematicians have come up with a good solution,which they call queuing theory,to this problem:Just make all customers stand in one long snaking line,called a serpentine line,and serve each person
22、 at the front with the next available register.With three registers,this method is about three times faster on average than the more traditional approach.This is what they do at most banks,Trader Joes,and some fast-food places.With a serpentine line,a long delay at one register wont unfairly punish
23、the people who lined up behind it.Instead,it will slow everyone down a little bit.8.What phenomenon is described in the first paragraph?A.Queuing in a line.B.A shopping experience.C.A rush in the morning.D.Cutting in a line.9.According to the article,what may cause delays in checking out?A.The lack
24、of employees in the grocery store.B.Some unexpected delays of certain customers.C.The increasing items bought by customers.D.A worsening shopping system of the store.10.What is the solution given by mathematicians?A.Employing more workers for checking out.B.Limiting the number of queuing people.C.Ma
25、king only one line available.D.Always standing in the same line.11.Whats the principle behind the queuing theory?A.To pursue the maximum benefit.B.To leave success or failure to luck.C.To avoid the minimum loss.D.To spread the risk equally among everyone.D Scientists have long sought to prevent shar
26、p memories from dulling with age,but the problem remains unsettled.Now research published in Scientific Reports suggests virtual reality might help older people recall facts and events based on specific details.The study involved 42 healthy older adults from the San Francisco Bay Area.Half spent a d
27、ozen hours over four weeks playing a virtual-reality game called Labyrinth;they wore headsets and walked in place,walking virtual neighborhoods while completing small tasks.The other half,in the control group,used electronic tablets to play games that did not require recalling details.After 15 sessi
28、ons(期),the latter performed roughly the same as before on a long-term memory test.But the Labyrinth players gain an improvement in memory through the VR game.A scientist Peter Wais of the University of California said the improvements brought them up to the level of another group of younger adults t
29、aking the same memory tests.Meredith Thompson,an education researcher,studies learning through VR games but was not involved in the new study.It would be great to actually follow people over time and see what this type of game does for long-term memory.She says,adding VR can provide greater involvem
30、ent than other games.Waiss team is now investigating how long the observed effects last and which elements of the training have the most impact.A cognitive(认知)psychologist,Daniel Simons,who was also not involved in the study,notes experiments with other games that claim to train the brain have often
31、 failed to evaluate this.And it remains unclear how test performance in a laboratorysetting might translate to real-world situations.The outcome,Simons notes,“needs to be repeated,ideally with a much larger group,before its treated as a strong finding.”For now,Wais says,the team hopes its studies wi
32、th similar-sized groups will help draw funding to test the game in a larger pool of participants.12.What is the passage mainly about?A.Peoples memory gradually fails as they age.B.People of different ages should play VR games.C.Virtual reality changes peoples memory.D.Virtual reality improves older
33、adults memory.13.What is Meredith Thompsons attitude toward the research?A.satisfied.B.enthusiastic.C.cautious.D.concerned.14.According to the scientists,the research needs to be improved due to _.A.the lack of financial support.B.the limited pool of participants.C.the unsatisfying test performance.
34、D.the impractical application in real world.15.Where may the passage come from?A.A novel.B.A review.C.A magazine.D.A guidebook.第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 With all the e-book readerapps flooding the Internet,you can simply download a file and then start readi
35、ng your favourite story or subject matter._16_reading printed books still has its own advantages._17_Just imagine this,when the pages on the left side of a book are piling up and the pages on the right side are becoming fewer.Wont you feel satisfied and motivated to move on?Printed books aid people
36、with sleep problems.Its a known fact that many people read before going to bed,which can help them sleep well.But note that they are paper books rather than e-books._18_People who read on e-book tend to sleep badly and are more tired the next day.Printed books exercise reading comprehension and conc
37、entration.In a study of middle schoolers,students who read on iPads had lower reading comprehension than reading traditional printed books.They sometimes skipped text in favor of interactions in the e-books which are designed to enhance comprehension._19_ Thats why so many people prefer printed book
38、s._20_They are great for you considering that you dont have to carry any extra weight aside from your mobile device.Furthermore,if you want to grab a copy of a freshly released novel,you dont have to visit a bookstore.Instead,all you have to do is just tap on your smart phone or tablet a couple of t
39、imes.A.While that might sound really easy,B.Since e-books are gaining in popularity,C.Is it possible to have the physical books go digital?D.In that case,students fail the practice of reading text itself.E.To be fair though,e-books should also be given some credit.F.The screen light is found to have
40、 a negative effect on the user.G.The turning of pages aids the readers to have a visible sense of achievement.第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 Jiang Taigong is a popular name for Jiang Ziya,statesman and strategist(战 略 家).As an outstanding
41、_21_of King Wen of the Zhou State in_22_China,at the age of 80,he helped the young King Wu_23_the Shang dynasty(商朝)and establish the Zhou dynasty.Jiang Ziya lived near the Weishui River about 3000 years ago.The area was the feudal estate(领地)of Count(候)Ji Chang.Jiang knew Ji was very_24_so he hoped t
42、o get Jis attention.He often went fishing_25_the Weishui River,but he would fish in an unusual way.He_26_a straight fishhook,without bait,three feet above the water.He often said to himself,“Fish,if you dont want to live any more,come and_27_the hook yourself.”Soon his_28_way of fishing was reported
43、 to Ji Chang.Ji sent a soldier to fetch him.Jiang saw the soldier coming,but_29_him.Jiang just went on with his fishing,and was saying to himself,“Fishing,fishing,no fish has been hooked.A shrimp(虾)is up to mischief(胡闹，捣鬼).”The soldier reported this back to Ji Chang,who became more_30_Jiang.Ji sent
44、an official to_31_Jiang this time.But Jiang again ignored the invitation.He just carried_32_fishing,and was saying,“Fishing,fishing,the big fish has not been hooked.A small one is up to mischief.”Then Ji realized Jiang may be a_33_talent(人才)so he went to invite Jiang_34_and brought many generous gif
45、ts with him.Jiang saw his_35_desire so decided to work for him.Jiang_36_Ji Chang and his son to tum over the Shang dynasty and establish the Zhou dynasty.Then Jiang was given the_37_of“Taigong”so people called him Jiang Taigong.Later on,“There are always fish willing to be caught by angler(垂钓者)Jiang
46、 Taigong”,an idiom,appeared.Today,people use this old idiom to describe someone who is_38_to fall into a trap or does something regardless of the result.For example,if someone sells something_39_a price 10 times its real value,the buyer insisting on buying it,without caring whether it is really_40_,
47、and if it can bring him some interests(利益，好处),his situation could be described with this idiom.21.A.guard B.follower C.adviser D.cook 22.A.ancient B.modern C.poor D.developing 23.A.stand by B.found C.stop D.overthrow 24.A.kind B.ambitious C.proud D.hard-working 25.A.in B.by C.over D.across 26.A.hung
48、 B.put C.made D.held 27.A.touch B.kiss C.push D.swallow 28.A.common B.strange C.obvious D.practical 29.A.greeted B.admired C.ignored D.encouraged 30.A.tired of B.interested in C.frightened at D.satisfied with 31.A.invite B.drag C.observe D.attract 32.A.on B.over C.with D.out 33.A.funny B.strong C.gr
49、eat D.beautiful 34.A.herself B.itself C.themselves D.himself 35.A.false B.sincere C.fast D.timely 36.A.helped B.led C.desired D.advised 37.A.name B.power C.title D.wealth 38.A.sure B.surprised C.willing D.afraid 39.A.for B.at C.to D.by 40.A.suitable B.terrible C.probable D.valuable 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1
50、.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 The Palace Museum in Beijing released its calendar for 2022 on September 6 although the Year of the Tiger is still more than four months away.“The calendar has become a new way for many people_41._(record)their life,”Chen Lihua,editor-in-chief of the ca