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1、2021 届中山市中山市育英学校高三英语期末试题及答案 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A Welcome to Oxford University Museums Ashmolean Museum Established in 1683,the Ashmolean Museum is the oldest museum in the UK and one of the oldest in the world.It houses the Universitys e
2、xtensive collections of art and antiquities,ranging back over four millennia.Location:Beaumont Street Tel:01865278000 Open:Tue.Sun.10:00-17:00.Charge:Admission is free;special exhibitions are ticketed and a charge may apply Note:For group bookings Tel:01865278015 Oxford University Museum of Natural
3、History The University Museum of Natural History houses the Universitys collections of zoological,entomological,paleontological and mineral specimens.With 4.5 million specimens it is the largest collection of its type outside of the national collections.Location:Parks Road Tel:01865 272950 Open:10:0
4、0-17:00 daily Charge:Admission is free Note:Groups must book in advance Museum of the History of Science The Museum of the History of Science is housed in the worlds oldest surviving purpose-built museum building.It contains the worlds finest collection of historic scientific instruments.Location:Br
5、oad Street Tel:01865277280 Open:Tue.Sun.12:00-17:00 Charge:Admission is free Note:Booking required for groups of 15 or more Pitt Rivers Museum The Pitt Rivers Museum holds one of the worlds finest collections of anthropology and archaeology,with objects from every continent and from throughout human
6、 history.Location:Parks Road enter via the Oxford University Museum of Natural History Tel:01865270927 Open:Tue Sun.and Bank Holiday Mondays:10:00-16:30 Charge:Admission is free Note:Groups must book in advance 1.If a group of 20 students want to visit the oldest museum in the UK,they should call_ A
7、.01865277280 B.01865278015 C.01865270927 D.01865272950 2.Which of the museums can visitors go to any day of the week?A.Ashmolean Museum.B.Museum of the History of Science.C.Oxford University Museum of Natural History.D.Pitt Rivers Museum 3.Which of the following is true according to the passage?A.As
8、hmolean Museum is on the Broad Street.B.Pitt Rivers Museum contains the worlds finest collection of historic scientific instruments.C.We dont have to book in advance if our group want to visit the University Museum of Natural History.D.We can enter the Pitt Rivers Museum through the Oxford Universit
9、y Museum of Natural History.B If you believe in thermometers(温度计),you should believe in global warming.And if you believe in eating French fries with your hamburger,you should worry more about carbonemission.It wont happen overnight,but as the planets climate changes,the growth cycles of main crops
10、will all be heavily affected.Here are three of the crops that might not beat the heat.The potato actually needs a great deal of beauty rest to develop properly.“They need a cool nighttime temperature in order to start growing the tuber,the part that we eat,”Nelson says.Temperature and altitude are t
11、wo primary concerns in coffee growth,and farmers are stuck between a rock and a hard place.“We know that coffee grows in a certain temperature range,”Nelson says.“Theyve been moving up the mountains,but at some point you run out of mountains to move up.”Higher-grade strains of Arabica coffee in Cent
12、ral American regions are at particular risk due to the need for lower growing temperature,especially since diseases and pests are also becoming more of a factor as temperatures rise.Even if youre looking at the direct effects of temperature alone,rice is in trouble.“As nighttime temperatures go up,t
13、he rice is going to have a problem flowering and wont make as many seeds,”Nelson says.In addition to this direct heat consequence,rising sea levels will flood many rice paddies and destroy water salinity levels,while droughts will lower production,raise prices,and further shame westerners who are cl
14、umsy with chopsticks to be able to clear their plates once a new grain is adopted.4.What is the closest meaning to the underlined word“emission”in Paragraph 1?A.Mixture.B.Pollution.C.Giving off.D.Going down.5.What does the potatoes development need according to Nelson?A.Cool temperature at night.B.S
15、udden rise of the temperature.C.Enough water and salt.D.Much sunshine and fresh air.6.The rice is difficult to flower,probably because _.A.sea levels go up suddenly B.many seeds cant be produced C.the temperature rises at night D.both temperature and altitude rise 7.What is the best title for the te
16、xt?A.How Does Global Warming Affect Westerners B.How Does the Cool Temperature Affect Rice C.What Is the Real Reason For Crops Growth D.Three Crops That Wont Survive Climate Changes C In life，once on a path，we tend to follow it，for better or worse.Whats sad is that even if its the latter，we often ac
17、cept it anyway because we are so used to the way things are that wed dont even recognize that they could be different This is a phenomenon psychologist call functional fixedness.This classic experiment will give you an idea of howitworks and a sense of whether you may have fallen into the same trap:
18、People are given a box of tacks(大头钉)and some matches and asked to find a way to attach a candle to a wall so that it burns properly.Typically,the subjects try tacking the candle to the wall or lighting it to fix it with melted wax.The psychologists had,of course,arranged it so that neither of these
19、obvious approaches would work.The tacks are too short,and the paraffin(石蜡)doesnt stick to the wall.So how can you complete the task?The successful technique is to use the tack box as a candle-holder.You empty it,tack it to the wall.and stand the candle inside it.To think of that,you have to look bey
20、ond the boxs usual role as a receptacle just for tacks and re-imagine it serving an entirely new purpose.That is difficult because we all suffer to one degree or another from functional fixedness.The inability to think in new ways affects people in every corner of society.The political theorist Hann
21、ah Arendt coined the phrase“frozen thoughts”to describe deeply held ideas that we no longer question but should.In Arendts eyes,the self-content reliance on such accepted“truths”also made people blind to ideas that didnt fit their worldview,even when there was plenty of evidence for them.Frozen thin
22、king has nothing to do with intelligence,she said,“It can be found in highly intelligent people.”8.What does the underlined word“it”in paragraph 2 refer to?A.The experiment.B.Functional fixedness.C.The path.D.The thinking.9.Which way is hard to think of to complete the task?A.Tacking the candle to t
23、he wall.B.Fixing the candle with melted wax.C.Using the tack box as a candle-holder.D.Lighting the candle tostand it.10.Which of the following statements will Hannah Arendt agree with?A.People should question.B.We should be used to the way things are.C.People shouldnt accept the idea that doesnt fit
24、 their worldview.D.The smarter people are，the more open to the new things they are.11.Whats the passage mainly about?A.An interesting experiment B.A psychological phenomenon.C.A theory to be proved.D.The opinion of Hannah Arendt.D A PhD student inMichigandefended her paper while wearing a skirt made
25、of rejection letters she received while studying.29-year-old Caitlin Kirby printed out 17 of her rejection letters from scholarships,academic journals,and conferences then folded each one into a fan.She connected them in rows,and by the end she designed the item into a skirt and wore it.She said tha
26、t the idea behind her unique clothing item came out of a desire to normalize rejection and take pride in overcoming it.The whole process of revisiting those old letters and making that skirt sort of reminded me that you have to apply to a lot of things to succeed,she said.A natural part of the proce
27、ss is to get rejected along the way.Caitlins adviser,Julie Libarkin,a professor of earth and environmental science atMichiganStateUniversity,also encourages the acceptance of failure in her students.Libarkin believes its important for students to get into habit of applying for things,and to get used
28、 to the feeling of rejection,so she encourages them to chase after any opportunity that comes their way.If a student doesnt get the grant or the spot in the academic journal,thats okay.Theyll still have learned something in the process.As for Caitlin?Her rejections over the years have led to great t
29、hings:Since her doctorate,shes won a scholarship to do further research on urban agriculture inGermany.Currently,shes a post-doctoral researcher at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln.As for what the future holds?Im prepared to receive a few more rejection letters along the way,she joked heartily,May
30、be Ill make a longer skirt.12.What can we learn about Caitlin Kirbys rejection letters?A.She received 17 rejections in total.B.29 of her rejections were from journals.C.The rejections were connected into a fan.D.She made some rejection letters into a skirt.13.What is Julie Libarkins attitude towards
31、 Caitlins action?A.Favorable.B.Ambiguous.C.Skeptical.D.Opposed.14.Which of the following words can best describe Catlin?A.Creative and considerate.B.Caring and determined.C.Optimistic and humorous.D.Generous and intelligent.15.Which of the following may Caitlin agree with?A.Hard work pays off.B.Educ
32、ation is the entrance to success.C.Self-respect earns more respect.D.One needs to normalize failures.第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 If youve ever considered training for a marathon,but you are a bit scared by the idea of 26.2 miles,here is some motivation.A slow
33、 and steady six-month training program designed to gradually build up endurance,gave a group of novice(新手)runners,ages 21 to 69,an impressive boost to their heart health._16_Using these images,researchers documented reductions in aortic artery stiffness(大动脉僵硬).“As you get older,the normal aging proc
34、ess causes changes in your heart and your vessels,the study author Dr.Bhuva says.“And hardening of the arteries increases the risk of many diseases._17_Many studies have shown that exercise over a lifetime reduces aortic stiffness.The training program was a slow build-up over six months.But it turne
35、d out that the older,slower runners saw the most benefits,in terms of reducing blood pressure and arterial stiffness.Even among people with existing heart disease,regular physical activity can help improve heart health._18_ Ready to go?2 tips to get started with your running goals.Tip 1:Commit to a
36、specific race or event.18 million people in the U.S.participated in road races last year.If a marathon sounds frightening,aim for a half or a 5K._19_Parkrun USA organizes timed 5K races around the country that are free and open to everyone.Tip 2:_20_“We normally tell our patients,look,you need to ru
37、n or exercise,150 minutes a week.But,of course,thats very boring for people to follow,Bhuva says.When you find a group or a partner to train with,it will be more likely that youll stick with it.A.The value of the new marathon study is to show how people can make improvements.B.Each of the 138 runner
38、s received a scan at the beginning and end of the training.C.And research shows that exercise can help ease anxiety，depression,even sleep disorders.D.Most people can find a way to be more physically active,whether it is cycling or rowing,E.But your lifestyle and habits can modify the rate and extent
39、 of these changes F.Find a group or a partner.G.The simple actof registering may motivate you to start training.第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 Last winter,we were on a vacationin Dubai.One day,we were _21_Abu-Dhabi,traveling with a few p
40、assengers in a bus.At our first stop,we got out to_22_some pictures.At our second top,we_23_that wed forgotten our shoulder bag at the first stop.The_24_part was that our passports and many other valuables were inside it.We were in great_25_,as we had to return to India in 2 days.During the process
41、of_26_our bag we met so many strangers who were quite concerned and helpful with our_27_.A tour guide helped us stop a taxi so that we could travel back to the first stop to_28_our bag.A taxi driver stayed with us for 3 hours.He took us to a mosque（清真寺）near the first stop,_29_that a cleaner might ha
42、ve found the bag and taken it to a_30_place.He took us to the nearest police station and helped us with our_31_with the policeman,who only spoke Arabic,He_32_comforted us by saying,“Nobody_33_their goods in our country.Theres no_34_for you to worry!”A tourist who was walking outside the masque hail
43、to be somewhere._35_,he decided to lend us a helping hand.A local man,who_36_found our bag，cheeked the bag and found a(n)_37_of a travel guide.He called him,so we got our bag back at last.On that day t there was _38_worry inside me and I was thinking of what would happen next all the time.Ill never
44、forget those strangers.Im grateful to them for their acts of_39_!The world needs more humane like them and I decide to try to_40_one of them.21.A.following B.visiting C.evaluating D.distributing 22.A.enjoy B.purchase C.deliver D.take 23.A.realized B.ignored C.decided D.admitted 24.A.most B.latest C.
45、worst D.least 25.A.regret B.panic C.embarrassment D.disappointment 26.A.searching for B.aiming at C.coming across D.looking through 27.A.ambition B.dilemma C.situation D.expectation 28.A.lake over B.send for C.greet D.find 29.A.hoping B.remembering C.promising D.doubting 30.A.private B.safe C.busy D
46、.new 31.A.relation B.negotiation C.discussion D.communication 32.A.eventually B.personally C.constantly D.immediately 33.A.leaves B.hides C.misses D.loses 34.A.time B.need C.chance D.luck 35.A.Besides B.Otherwise C.However D.Therefore 36.A.actually B.merely C.specially D.deliberately 37.A.address B.
47、number C.certificate D.photo 38.A.real B.slight C.temporary D.innocent 39.A.bravery B.patience C.kindness D.generosity 40.A.benefit B.promote C.influence D.become 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 Ever since I graduated_41._high school I_42._(work)in the factories_43._(
48、surround)my hometown every summer._44._,making the transformation between school and full-time blue-collar work during the break never gets any_45._(easy).For a student like me_46._considers any class before noon to be_47._(accept),getting to_48._factory by 6ocolck each morning is suffering.My frien
49、ds never seem_49._(understand)why Im so relieved to be back at school or_50._my summer vacation has been anything but a vacation.第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节短文改错（满分 10 分）51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下
50、划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；只允许修改 10 处，多者(从第 11 处起)不计分。I recently had a bad cold.My Chinese friends suggested that I drank some hot water,it made me think of some common home remedies(家庭疗法)back in the US.When I was about 10,I got the flu,and my mom didnt take me to the doctor.First,she had