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1、2021 届临川二中高三英语第一次联考试题及参考答案 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A If you had the opportunity to live forever,would you take it?Keeping your body alive indefinitely still seems like an impossibility,but some scientists think that digital technology may hav
2、e the answer:creating a digital copy of your“self”and keeping it“alive”online long after your physical body has ceased to function.In effect,the proposal is to clone a person electronically.Unlike the familiar physical clones children that have identical features as their parents,but that are comple
3、tely separate organisms with a separate life your electronic clone would believe itself to be you.How might this be possible?The first step would be to mapthe brain.How?One plan relies on the development of nanotechnology(纳米技术).Ray Kurzweil one of the kings of artificial intelligence predicts that w
4、ithin two or three decades we will have nano transmitters that can be put into the bloodstream.Inthe capillaries(毛细血管)of the brain,they would line up alongside the neurons and detect the details of the cerebral(大脑的)electronic activity.They would be able to send that information to a receiver inside
5、a special helmet,so there would be no need for any wires sticking out of the head.As a further step,Ray Kurzweil also imagines the nano transmitters being able to connect you to a world of virtual reality on the Internet,similar to what was shown in the film“Matrix”.With the nano transmitters in pla
6、ce,by thought alone,you could log on to the Internet and instead of the pictures coming up on your screen,they would play inside your mind.Rather than send your friends e-mails you would agree to meet up on some virtual tropical beach.Some peoplebelieve that they can enjoy life after death.But why w
7、ait for that when you could have a shot of nanobots(纳米机器人)and upload your brain onto the Internet and live forever as a virtual surfer?One snag:to exist on the net you will have to have your neural network parked on the computer of a web-hosting company.These companies want real money in real bank a
8、ccounts every year or they will wipe your bit of the hard disc and sell the space to someone else.With your body six feet underground how will you pay?1.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A.Nano transmitters can help map the human brain.B.Electronic clones recreate th
9、e original human body.C.Electronic clones may put their physical selves into movies.D.Nano transmitters use a helmet to detect the cerebral activities.2.What is the authors attitude towards electronic clones?A.Optimistic and careful.B.Interested and unconvinced.C.Excited and confused.D.Assured and c
10、ritical.3.The author asks“how will you pay?”at the end of the article,because _.A.you cant pay to exist on the Internet if you are physically dead B.you cant pay for hard disc space if you dont have a bank account C.you cant pay for a special service if too many people want to use it D.you cant pay
11、the web-hosting company if you dont have a neural network B At the foot of the Tianmu Mountain in Zhejiang,a homestay(民宿)is attracting travelers from far and wide,which has won architectural(建筑学的)medal at the 2021 German iF Design Awards.The owners of the homestay are a couple in their late 30s who
12、decided to return to their hometown three years ago.Li Xiumei used to be in charge of a division at a company in Hangzhou,and her husband was a sales director.It was an ordinary situation where Lis husband was on business trips a lot and Li worked overtime on weekends.City life sometimes is not easy
13、.In 2018,they quit jobs and went back to Dongtianmu village,which lies in a forest of bamboo.The first time they drove into the village was one late afternoon.The cooking smoke was rising from the foot of the mountain,which gave them a very different feeling form thecity.The homestay was built besid
14、e her husbands old countryside house.The old house is preserved(保留),while a brand-new building was built on its side and the whole site is made up of for courtyards.It has been updated to have a hall,a tea room,a kitchen,a dining room.Japanese cherry trees are planted in the east courtyard.A swimmin
15、g pool is placed in the west courtyard,with a bar located on one side.Li and her husband love gardening and music,and their new home gives them enough space to continue their interests and relax in the heart of nature.Li wants to share the quiet country life,so she makes her new home a homestay.In 2
16、019,the homestay became an online hit after guests shared their experiences on social media.“The longer I stay here,the more I feel it was the right choice to come back,and this is more meaningful than making money,”Li says.4.How did Li feel about city life?A.Satisfied.B.Tired.C.Attractive.D.Noisy.5
17、.What impressed the couple when first driving to the village?A.The smoke of cooking.B.The forest of bamboo.C.The smell of the village.D.The feeling of loneliness.6.What can we infer about the homestay from paragraph 4?A.It is ancient and broken.B.It can hold many guests.C.It has been rebuilt bythe c
18、ouple.D.It must have been carefully designed.7.Whats more meaningful than earning money according to Li?A.Continuing their music dream.B.Staying at the old house.C.Living in the countryside.D.Developing the economy of cities.C The year 2020 will mark the beginning of the decade of the yold,or the“yo
19、ung old”,as the Japanese call people aged between 65 and 75.The traditional retirement age is 65.One might therefore expect peak retirement.By continuing to work,and staying socially engaged,the yold will change the world,as they have done several times before at different stages of their lives.The
20、yold are more numerous,healthier and wealthier than previous generations of seniors.The yold are busier,too.In short,the yold are not just any group of old people.They are challenging the traditional expectations of the retired as people who wear slippers and look after the grandchildren.That will i
21、nfluence consumer,service and financial markets.The over-60s are one of the fastest-growing groups of customers of the airline business.The yold are vital to the tourism industry because they spend much more,when taking a foreign holiday,than younger adults.But for all this to happen,three big thing
22、s will have to change,under pressure from the yold themselves.The most important is public attitudes towards older people,and in particular the expectation that the old ought to be putting their feet up and quietly retiring into the background.Then,government policies will have to change,too.The ret
23、irement age in many rich countries is still below the age to which many people want to work.The effective retirement age(the age at which people actually leave the workforce)is usually even lower.Third,higher numbers of healthy yold people will require drastic changes in health spending.Most disease
24、s of ageing are bestmetwith prevention and lifestyle changes.But only about 2%3%of most countries health-care spending goes on prevention.That will have to rise,because although the yold will constitute a bulge of comparative health and activity over the next decade,by 2030 they will hit 75 and ente
25、r a long period of decline for which few rich countries are ready.8.What kind of people are the yold exactly?A.They are workaholics.B.They are full of energy.C.They enjoy being focused on.D.They like staying socially engaged.9.Why do the yold contribute to tourist industry?A.They like traveling more
26、.B.They have more money.C.They consume more on travel.D.They have much free time.10.Whats the authors attitude toward health-care spending on prevention?A.Unsatisfied.B.Subjective.C.Neutral.D.Active.11.What does the underlined word“met”in the fourth paragraph mean?A.dealt with B.come across C.satisf
27、ied D.experienced.D UK physicist Isaac Newton once said,Nature is pleased with simplicity and nature is no dummy(傻子).Indeed,Mother Nature can provide almost everything human beings need if we follow her rules.But if we break the rules,she is likely to be cruel andlash out at us.The outbreak of the n
28、ovel coronavirus pneumonia(新型冠状病毒肺炎,NCP)in China and some other countries at the beginning of this year is an example.According to Xinhua News Agency,the new coronavirus is similar to a virus found in a bat in 2017 and probably has an intermediate host(中间宿主).Its believed that the virus originated fr
29、om the Huanan Seafood Market in Wuhan,Hubei province,where live wild animals were sold.The Wall Street Journal reported that Dr Peter Daszak,president of the US-based health organization EcoHealth Alliance,said,This outbreak is a lesson for us.On a global scale,human population density,wildlife dive
30、rsity,and land use change are what drive new pandemics(流行病).In ancient times,people needed to rely on nature to survive so they held it in awe(敬畏).For example,the American Indians believed that humans are a part of nature and nature is a part of humans.Chinese ancients always pursued the harmony bet
31、ween nature and human beings.However,as human beings master more knowledge and make more advanced tools,people try to change and even conquer nature.They use more land to make buildings,genetically modify(改变)plants,capture some wild and rare animals to suit their own needs.In this process,humans gra
32、dually lose contact with nature and even throw it out of balance.For example,cutting a large number of forests means carbon dioxide must build up in the atmosphere and it contributes to global warming.Although we dont know for sure what first caused the NCP outbreak,Brian Lamacraft at Medium said it
33、s time for people to reflect on our relationship with our planet and reconnect with this world and everything that weve been given.After all,according to US poet Gary Snyder,Nature is not the place to visit.Its our home.12.What does the phrase lash out at in Paragraph 1 probably mean?A.punish B.cont
34、rol C.test D.challenge 13.What lesson did Daszak think human beings should learn from the NCP outbreak?A.Bats are one of the most dangerous wild animals.B.Its impossible to prevent new pandemics globally.C.We should stop the wildlife trade around the world.D.Humans should live peacefully with nature
35、.14.What is the main idea of Paragraph 5?A.How human beings become their own masters.B.How human activities cause global warming.C.How human beings break the balance of nature.D.How humans use technology to improve their lives.15.What is the authors purpose in writing this article?A.To reflect on th
36、e NCP outbreak.B.To explain what led to the NCP outbreak.C.To describe experts predictions on new pandemics.D.To compare ancient and modern attitudes toward nature.第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 Running is a great way to get in shape and just about everyone can
37、do it.Given that its so easy to take up the sport,a lot of beginners jump right into running without actually knowing what it takes to establish a healthy routine._16_.If you are just starting out,avoid the following things to help you increase your chances of running success.Doing too much too soon
38、 One of the biggest mistakes beginners make is doing too much too soon.Picking up a new hobby like running is no doubt exciting.Runners need to ease into the sport before increasing the distance._17_._18_ Beginners might think they need to run nearly every day to meet their fitness or weight-loss go
39、als,but this couldnt be further from the truth._19_，especially for beginners whose muscles and bones havent yet been conditioned for such intense(剧烈的)exercise.So its important to give your body ample rest between workouts.Follow atraining plan that includes rest days.Comparing yourself to others _20
40、_,Youre excited about running,so you are probably reading running blogs,magazines and message boards where you might start to feel inadequate about your own running pace.Instead of getting down on yourself，remember that every runner was once a beginner and use their success as motivation!A.Not runni
41、ng every day B.Not taking rest days C.Running is a demanding activity which can be really hard on your body D.As mentioned,a healthy routine is what theyattach importance to E.When starting out with running,its tough not to compare yourself to others F.Many make a number of common mistakes,which can
42、 interfere(干扰)with training or lead to injury G.It will help reduce the risk of injury,so you can continue with your new running routine 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 In late January of 2018,Chicagoexperienced the coldest temperatures t
43、hat the city has seen in decades.A group of homeless people who lived in an area calledTentCitywere left outside directly_21_to the deadly weather.34-year-old Candice Payne,a managing broker(经 纪 人)from a local company,was_22_enough to have shelter from the dangerous conditions._23_,she couldnt stop
44、thinking about the homeless people in the area who had nowhere to go.“It was 50below,and I knew I had to take_24_,”Payne toldthe New York Times.She started thinking of different_25_that could possibly work.Eventually,she_26_to see if there were any rooms available at_27_hotels that she could_28_for
45、the night for the people_29_in the street.So without wasting any time,Payne picked up the_30_and started calling hotels in the area.“Finally,theAmberInnwas nice enough to_31_me to buy the rooms for the homeless,”Payne said.Without_32_,she purchased 30 rooms for the night with her credit card.She_33_
46、reached out to people on her Instagram account asking if anyone would like to_34_with either paying for more rooms or_35_the homeless people to theInn.She got immediate_36_that surprised her.Strangers_37_their cars and SUVs.They also_38_money,which helped Payne pay for a total of 60 rooms for five n
47、ights.Paynes_39_act made news across the country.However,she said,“I am an ordinary person.I_40_it with so many others help.”21.A.exposed B.contributed C.used D.adjusted 22.A.old B.lucky C.proud D.strange 23.A.In short B.Therefore C.However D.For example 24.A.place B.shelter C.risks D.action 25.A.di
48、rections B.ways C.results D.areas 26.A.required B.promised C.decided D.agreed 27.A.unique B.comfortable C.local D.remote 28.A.rent B.purchase C.discover D.enter 29.A.talking B.walking C.working D.sleeping 30.A.phone B.bus C.glasses D.coat 31.A.persuade B.remind C.convince D.allow 32.A.preparation B.
49、imagination C.hesitation D.permission 33.A.then B.still C.just D.again 34.A.pay off B.help out C.speak out D.take off 35.A.transporting B.accompanying C.devoting D.inviting 36.A.rewards B.responses C.achievements D.benefits 37.A.sold B.repaired C.searched D.volunteered 38.A.presented B.performed C.r
50、epeated D.donated 39.A.selfless B.regular C.extra D.natural 40.A.reached B.understood C.made D.impressed 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 Chen Guotao,_41._(bear)in a Miao ethnic family in the mountains of Chongqing successfully made her way_42._the big cities.But the l