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1、2021 年莆田第二中学高三英语上学期期末考试试卷及答案 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A Some young people win attention because of their good looks or their singing ability.A much smaller number gain fame because they have done something important and worthwhile with their a
2、bilities.Rishab Jain is among the latter.In 2018,13-year-oldRishab developed a way to use AI technology to help pancreatic(胰腺的)cancer patients and won the3MYoung Scientist Challenge,a nationwide middle-school science competition,and its$25,000 prize.In the last stage of the contest,Rishab competed a
3、gainstnine other finalists at the 3M Innovation Center(创新中心)in St.Paul,Minnesota.Leading up to the big meet,each finalist had partnered with a scientist to further develop their inventions.Rishab explains what led him to create his invention.First,a family friend died of cancer.Then Rishab learned a
4、bout how deadly pancreatic cancer is,and that its low survival rate is due to how difficult it is to treat.Im also into programming,so I was learning about AI technology.I decided to try to solve a real-world problem using it.His winnings have been put in further research and in his nonprofit Samyak
5、 Science Society,which helps poor children enter the STEM(science,technology,engineering and math)education.Rishab is also raising awareness about pancreatic cancer.These efforts make him quite different from teenagers of his age.Considering becoming a biomedical engineer or a doctor 一 or both,he ha
6、s also put some money aside to further his own learning.Almost certainly the doors of higher education will open wide to him before he even knocks.Thats an outstanding outlook for one so young.Rashib is committed to helping very sick people in need.He is also providing teenagers of his age with a mu
7、ch-needed model of what kinds of things youth can achieve.1.What can we learn about the 3M Young Scientist Challenge in 2018?A.It was intended to solve medical problems.B.It was a nationwide AI competition for teenagers.C.It offered the finalists an opportunity to work with scientists.D.It allowed t
8、he finalists to learn AI technology in the 3M center.2.How did Rishab win the 3M Young Scientist Challenge?A.He showed excellent programming ability.B.He figured out the survival rate of pancreatic cancer.C.He introduced poor children to STEM education.D.He applied AI technology to treating pancreat
9、ic cancer.3.Which of the following best describes Rishab?A.Talented and caring.B.Independent and humorous.C.Responsible and patient.D.Polite and inspiring.B Water keeps us alive.When it runs out,we have a problem.About one out of four people on the planet are facing a shortage of water.Seventeen cou
10、ntries around the world are dealing with high-water stress.This means they are using almost all the water they have access to.Many are dry countries.Some waste much of their water.Some may currently use too much of their groundwater that they should be saving.Several big cities face acute shortages.
11、These include Sao Paulo,Brazil;Chennai,India;and Cape Town,South Africa.A year ago,Cape Town faced nay Zero-the day when all its dams would he dry.Climate change adds to the risk of water shortages.Rainfall is less steady.The water supply becomes less reliable.The days grow hotter.More water evapora
12、tes(蒸发)from lakes and rivers even as demand for water increases.By 2030,the number of cities in the high-stress category may have risen to 45 and include almost 470 million people.All over the world,farmers compete with city residents for water.Rich urban places,such as Los Angeles,use too much wate
13、r for pools and golf courses.But the worst problem is the growth of cities.Bangalore,India,for example,had a few years with little rain.It built over its many lakes or filled them with city waste.The lakes are no longer the rain water storage tanks they once were.Bangalore now imports water.A lot of
14、 the imported water,however,gets lost on the way to Bangalore.To address this issue,what can be done?First,cities can plug leaks in their water distribution system.Wastewater can be recycled.Rain can be harvested and saved for hard times.Lakes and wetlands can be cleaned up and old wells can be rest
15、ored.And farmers can switch from water-intensive crops like rice to less-thirsty crops like millet(小米).Experts are looking at ways to reduce the number of people on the planet.They are looking at ways to reduce the size of cities.They are looking for ways to encourage people,factories and farmers to
16、 use less water.4.What can we know from Paragraph 2?A.A quarter of the worlds population is living with water shortages.B.Nearly all countries are facing acute water shortages now.C.Underground water should he used to meet the water demand.D.Measures have been taken to deal with the water shortage i
17、n India.5.What is the main idea of the third paragraph?A.Rainfall is not as steady as before.B.Climate change may lead to water shortages.C.The water supply relies more on rainfall.D.Hotter weather changes the water demand.6.What can farmers do to deal with water shortage?A.Plug leaks in the water d
18、istribution system.B.Clean up lakes and wetlands and restore wells.C.Reduce the number of people in the cities.D.Grow less-water consumption crops instead.7.What will be discussed if the passage continues?A.How to prevent from climate change.B.How to inspire people to save water.C.How to recycle was
19、tewater in cities D.How to make people get access to clean water.C Understanding the link between a clean environment and human life is not a new concept.In fact,it was noticed as early as ancient Rome.Today we see how green living has infiluenced our everyday lives.There is a growing community of p
20、eople who embrace a zero waste lifestyle and make changes to the way they live to reduce their carbon footprint.Living a zero waste lifestyle means doing ones best to achieve the aim of not sending anything to a landfill.People who adopt this lifestyle ultimately cut down on their waste by reducing
21、what they need and want.They reuse what they own,sending few things to be recycled.Many people who adopt the zero waste lifestyle claim to be frustrated by the many harmful chemical substances found in beauty and cleaning products.They also find the uses of disposable items and excessive packaging.F
22、or example,how many times have we had to peel away layers of plastic wrap and cardboard before finally taking out the item which we had bought?Instead of buying pre-packed food and goods,those who identify with the zero waste philosophy tend to shop in stores that allow them to make purchases and br
23、ing their own cloth bags and glass jars to store their purchases.Many people may have the misconception that it is easier to live a zero waste lifestyle in the West.Nevertheless,Malaysian environmental journalist,Ms.Aurora Tin,has proven that a zero waste lifestyle is possible even in the Asian cont
24、ext.Instead of going to the supermarket to buy pre-packaged foods,Ms.Tin now visits the wet market and brings her own bags for vegetables.She has even stopped using store-bought toothpaste and makes her own toothpaste from coconut oil and baking soda.This lifestyle may be too big a change for the av
25、erage person,but we could follow her suit to make gradual changes to our own lives.8.Which of the following is a zero waste lifestyle?A.Bringing a resuable container to take away food.B.Choosing appliances that cost less money.C.Turning off a device to stop using power.D.Classifying the garbage befo
26、re throwing it away.9.What may disappoint a person who adopts a zero waste lifestyle?A.Recycable carboard.B.Excessive packaging.C.Glass jars to store purchases.D.Natural substances in cleaning products.10.What is the main idea of the last paragraph?A.How do people live a zero waste lifestyle.B.Why M
27、s.Tin chooses to live a zero waste lifestyle.C.We can also practice a zero waste lifestyle in Asia.D.It is easy to live a zero waste lifestyle in the West.11.What is the best title of the passage?A.Living a zero waste lifestyle.B.Going green ismore than a fashion.C.A zero waste lifetyle is easy to a
28、chieve.D.Making environmentally-conscious decisions.D Chinese paleontologists(古生物学家)have determined that,about 47 million years ago,subtropical forests once existed on the high-altitude Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.The conclusion,which appears in a paper published on Tuesday,was drawn based on the large nu
29、mber of fossils found in theBaingoinBasinat an altitude of nearly 5,000 meters during the second comprehensive scientific expedition to the plateau.A joint team from theXishuangbannaTropicalBotanical Gardenconducted the research on the fossils.By combining the findings and models,the team recreated
30、the climate and altitude that existed 47 million years ago,showing that the central plateau had an altitude of just 1,500 meters and an annual average temperature of 19,says Su Tao,a researcher from the tropical botanical garden and first author of the paper.“It was covered by thick forest and was r
31、ich in water and grass.It is fair tocall it the ShangriLa of ancient times,”Su adds.The researchers have also found over 70 plant fossils,the majority of which are most closely related to plant life in todays subtropical or tropical regions.“This is enough to show that the central part of the now hi
32、gh-altitude,freezing Qinghai-Tibet Plateau had flourishing subtropical plants 47 million years ago,”Su says.The findings provide new evidence for the study of the evolutionary history of biodiversity and the evolution of the plateaus landscape,according to Zhou Zhekun,the papers corresponding author
33、 and a researcher at the tropical botanical garden.Chinalaunched the second comprehensive scientific expedition to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in June 2017,40 years after the first.Lasting up to 10 years,the expedition will conduct a series of studies focusing on the plateaus glaciers,its biodiversity
34、 and ecological changes,and will also monitor the changes in climate.12.How did the paper come to the conclusion?A.Through the observation of the Baingoin basin.B.Through the fossils found in scientific expedition.C.Through the drawing of a large number of fossils.D.Through the adventure on the Qing
35、hai-Tibetan Plateau.13.What can be inferred according to Su Tao?A.The average altitude of the plateau was 1,500 meters.B.“Shangrila”means a place with abundant water and grass.C.The flourishing subtropical plants have covered the plateau.D.The fossils found by researchers are tropical or subtropical
36、 plants now.14.Where might the passage come from?A.The Times.B.The Wall Street Journal.C.Chinese National Geography.D.The Economist.15.What is the purpose of the passage?A.To instruct.B.To educate.C.To persuade.D.To inform.第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 We think
37、 of winter as cold and flu season，but the cold temperatures have powerful biological upsides too.Boosts your brain _16_.Studies have found that people perform some cognitive（认知的）tasks like making decisions better when the temperature is cooler.Research has also shown that people are less willing to
38、handle complex tasks in the summer than in the winter.Burns calories（卡路里）When its cold，your body works harder to keep your core temperature，which is typically.about 98.6 degrees.Our bodies use a considerable amount of energy to keep us warm and to dampen the air we breathe when were out in the cold，
39、explains Stacy Tucker，an expert from Kansas City._17_ .A recent study showed that participants burned 34 percent more calories when they hiked in 14-to 23-degree temperatures than they did hiking on 50-degree days.Activates healthy fat We know accumulating too much ordinary fat or white fat can enda
40、nger our health.But adults also have small amounts of beneficial brown fat that can quicken their metabolism（新陈代谢）and bum more calories_18_.Encourages bettersleep Your bodys core temperature drops when youre trying to sleep._19_，but its much faster in winter，says Tucker.Plus，with darker mornings，you
41、 naturally sleep later._20_ Yes，you might get more colds during the winter.However，studies haveshown that the immune system can be activated by colder temperatures，which improves our ability to fight infections，explains Tucker.That said，the flu virus becomes strong in cold，dry air，and time spent ind
42、oors increases your chance of infection.To reducerisk，get your annual flu shot，wash your hands frequently，and go outside.A.Fights infections B.So fasten your boots C.Suffers from infections D.Colder temperatures can help you think more clearly E.And cold temperatures can activate this useful fat F.E
43、xercising in the winter makes heart muscles stronger G.This process can take up to two hours in the summer 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 Todd wore the same clothes every day for the first three weeks of school.When the other kids began
44、to_21_that he was wearing the same black pants and gray long-sleeved shirt day after day,Todd became target of_22_.But there was little Todd could do.His mother simply couldnt_23_to buy him new clothes.Two of the_24_teasing him were Garrett and Graham.But over time,they_25_that their disparaging（贬低）
45、words felt like bullying（欺凌）and seemed to be slowly destroying Todds_26_.I felt like I needed to do something,Graham said.So he and Garrett created a(an)_27_secretly.They went home and_28_through their own drawers and closets.The next day at school,they met Todd at their third period class and_29_hi
46、m to come into the hall.Todd was understandably_30_about being called out by the larger boys.He wasnt_31_,and I was like,I think this is going to make you smile,Graham said.I told him,Were in the same third period,and I_32_for laughing at you,and I want to give something to you to_33_.He then handed
47、 Todd a large and heavy bag.Inside the bag were_34_shirts and shorts,plus a brand-new pair of_35_.Todd was blown away.I was very happy and completely_36_.And Todd got much more than a new wardrobe.He no longer sits_37_at lunch.Now he eats with his two new friends.Ive been bullied in my entire life,T
48、odd said._38_the day Garrett and Graham called him into the hall,he_39_,It was the best day of my entire life,_40_.21.A.sympathize B.notice C.insist D.announce 22.A.adoration B.complaint C.assistance D.laughter 23.A.refuse B.wait C.afford D.swear 24.A.kids B.adults C.friends D.teachers 25.A.realized
49、 B.argued C.assumed D.predicted 26.A.virtue B.spirit C.nature D.quality 27.A.attack B.trap C.opportunity D.plan 28.A.checked B.saw C.hunted D.went 29.A.asked B.commanded C.advised D.begged 30.A.disappointed B.embarrassed C.delighted D.worried 31.A.smiling B.crying C.trembling D.yelling 32.A.hesitate
50、 B.switch C.apologize D.compensate 33.A.make up B.show off C.mark D.enjoy 34.A.messy B.clean C.unique D.common 35.A.buttons B.earrings C.sneakers D.glasses 36.A.confused B.panicked C.annoyed D.shocked 37.A.peacefully B.alone C.still D.nervously 38.A.Exposed to B.Lost in C.Living through D.Reflecting