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1、Module 10 Unit 1 Grammar and usage邳州一中 马骥第1页/共32页 Whatsthefunctionoflinkingword?第2页/共32页 Links are needed between sentences to connect the ideas of the sentences to each other.Without these links,it is easy for readers to get confused.These links help readers work out what is going to happen next in
2、 a text.第3页/共32页What are the four common types of links between sentences?time sequence words时间顺序关联词cause and effect words因果关联词contrasting words对比关联词 addition words.附加关联词第4页/共32页Timesequencewordsfirst(ly)首先;second(ly)其次;third(ly)第三nowintheend;atlast最后suchas:showtheorderofideasoractions.第5页/共32页Cause
3、andeffectwords.since，as，because(of)，因为foronething一则，（foranother）asaresult，结果，结果是thus，so，Showtheresults:Showthereasons:showthereasonsorresultsofdoingsomething第6页/共32页Contrasting wordshowever，but 然而，但是on the contrary 正相反in contrast 与此相反，反之introduce an idea that is in contrast to the idea mentioned bef
4、ore.suchas:第7页/共32页 Addition wordsin addition另外，此外and 和 as well as也，而且similarly 同样地，besides，furthermore 此外，而且introduce additional informationsuchas:第8页/共32页Education is very important,particularly in the various ways it benefits young people.First of all,it teaches them and helps them better underst
5、and the world.Secondly,education teaches people about the history and culture of their country.In this way,young people learn about the past and are able to appreciate their national literature and art.Thirdly,education helps develop peoples personalities.Through education,young people learn to resp
6、ect and tolerate others and will become more friendly,cooperative and helpful.Lastly,education prepares young people for the future.Apart from academic knowledge,they will also learn the skills they need for their future careers.Education is very important,particularly in the various ways it benefit
7、s young people.First of all,it teaches them and helps them better understand the world.Secondly,education teaches people about the history and culture of their country.In this way,young people learn about the past and are able to appreciate their national literature and art.Thirdly,education helps d
8、evelop peoples personalities.Through education,young people learn to respect and tolerate others and will become more friendly,cooperative and helpful.Lastly,education prepares young people for the future.Apart from academic knowledge,they will also learn the skills they need for their future career
9、s.第9页/共32页Types of linking words1.Poverty is still killing people.However,these small victories are a good start towards a better future.2.The program has several aims:firstly,to help unemployed people find work;secondly,to teach new mothers about nutrition;and thirdly,to help young people develop p
10、roblem solving skills.3.These people will be given a chance to help themselves instead of being dependent on other people.As a result,they will enjoy a higher standard of living.Contrasting wordsTime sequence wordsCause and effect words第10页/共32页4.Our organization is working to raise money for the lo
11、cal homeless shelters.Furthermore,we are collecting clothing to give to those in need.5.Many people believe that hunger is only a problem in the developing world.On the contrary,it is a problem all over the world.6.Geldof intended the concert to raise money for and public awareness of the famine.In
12、the end,$100 million was raised.Addition words Contrasting wordsTime sequence words第11页/共32页7.For example,the disease malaria,which is spread by mosquitoes,kills over one million children yearly.On top of this,according to the United Nations,hunger and malnutrition claim ten million lives each year.
13、8.Reporter:Why did you organize the concert?Bob:Well,for one thing,I wanted to raise money for the hungry people.Also,I wanted to raise public awareness of poverty and famine.Contrasting wordsCause and effect words第12页/共32页Group work more example of linking words Timesequencewords:Finally 最后then 然后
14、next 其次，接下来to begin with;first of all;in the first place 首先，起初above all 首先，尤其是 last but not the least 最后一点，也是非常重要的一点 first and most important首先也是最重要的一点是 第13页/共32页Cause and effects words:because；since；as；因为nowthat既然，因为forthisreason由于这个原因dueto；thanksto；becauseof；owingto因为，由于sothat所以inorderthat为了，以便于as
15、aresult；asaconsequence结果thus；hence；so；therefore；accordingly因此 第14页/共32页Contrasting words:while,yet，whereas然而ontheotherhand另一方面instead反而bycontrast相比之下，与之相比differentfrom，unlike和不同otherwise另外，在其他方面incontrast与此相反第15页/共32页Addition words:also；too；aswellas也，而且，和一样whatsmore而且besides；inaddition此外，而且，另外Furthe
16、rmore此外，而且,Moreover而且，此外additionally 此外，加之第16页/共32页Fill in the blank using proper linking words.1.You should be fully prepared before going walking in the mountain._ _,bring plenty of drinking water with you.2.I can not thank my friends enough for what they have done for me._ _ _,they lent me money
17、to buy my first house;_ _ _,they helped me find a good job.3.Jill has no chance of winning the next match.The other players are much better than her._,she is ill.Above allFor one thing For another thing Furthermore 第17页/共32页1.Ihavegotnointerestinit;_,Ihavelotsofworktodo.A.otherwiseB.besidesC.however
18、D.therefore2.Iwouldlikeajobwhichpaysmore,but_IenjoytheworkImdoingatthemoment.A.inotherwordsB.ontheotherhandC.foronethingD.asamatteroffactMultiple choice:第18页/共32页3.-DoyouthinkIshouldgetagoodguidebook?-Yes,ofcourse._,youalsoneedagoodcameraandcomfortableshoes.A.WhatsmoreB.InotherwordsC.BythewayD.Allin
19、all4.Idliketobuyahousemodern,comfortable,and_inaquietneighbor-hood.A.inallB.aboveallC.afterallD.atall第19页/共32页5.Hecamehomeaftermidnight,and_,hewasdrunk.Thatmadehisparentsveryangry.A.WhatismoreB.OntheotherhandC.InmyopinionD.Inanotherword6.ThisEnglishmanisgoodatwriting,readingandiskindtoothers.A.above
20、allB.firstofallC.inallD.afterall第20页/共32页7.-Idliketogohomenow.-Whynotstayhereforthenight?Itissolatenow._,itisrainingsohard.A.BesidesB.ThereforeC.InsteadD.Asaresult8.IcanttellyoutheexacttimewhenIwillgetthere,_,IllbethereasearlyasIcan.A.NomatterB.AnyhowC.ThereforeD.Besides第21页/共32页Introduction of othe
21、r linking wordsConclusion:inconclusion;toconclude;onthewhole;tosumup;inone/aword;inshort;inbrief;insummaryGive an example:forexample;forinstance;suchas;takeforexample;inthis/thatcaseShow differences or similarities:likewise;yet;despite;inspiteof;inthesameway;inthesamemanner;equally第22页/共32页1然而，这种教学方
22、法也有一些问题。_ ,there are _ some problems with this teaching method.2 因此，我更喜欢我的老师用英语和汉语来教学。_,I prefer my teacher to teach us in both English and Chinese.HoweveralsoThereforeCompletethesentences.第23页/共32页3.任何东西都不可浪费，尤其不可浪费时间。Never waste anything,and _ _ never waste time.4.我之所以喜欢他，有三个理由：首先，他很诚实；其次，他很善良；第三，
23、他很英俊。There are three reasons why I like him:_ hes honest,_ hes kind,_ hes handsome.5.一来我们买不起，二来这东西也难看。_ _ _ we cant afford it and _ _ its ugly.second(ly)aboveallfirst(ly)third(ly)Foronethingforanother第24页/共32页6.我没有病；恰恰相反，我健康极了。Im not sick;_ _ _ ,Im in the peak of health.7.我想去参加聚会，但从另一方面来说，我应该留下来。I w
24、ant to go to the party,but _ _ _ _ I ought to be studying.8总之，形势很严峻。_ _ _/_ _the situation is serious.onthecontraryOntheotherhandInawordInshort/Inbrief第25页/共32页Conclusion Conclusion Linking words 起着承上启下的作用，是语义关系过渡的桥梁。有效、适当地使用语句间的连接成分，可使全文结构紧凑，层次清楚，过渡自然。避免过分堆积，否则将适得其反。第26页/共32页如何学好英语大声朗读大声朗读容易记住容易记住;
25、形成用英语思考的形成用英语思考的习惯习惯每天收听英语广播每天收听英语广播;用英语和别人交谈用英语和别人交谈听力和口语进步快听力和口语进步快坚持用英语写日记坚持用英语写日记写作能力不断提高写作能力不断提高下面是玛丽学习英语的情况，请用英语介绍表中所列情况。（5个句子表达所有内容）第27页/共32页1.Id like to tell you how Mary learns English.2.She often reads aloud,which helps her to remember them easily and form a good habit of thinking in Engli
26、sh.3.She listens to English program every day and communicate/talk with others in English.4.She has improved both her listening and spoken English.5.She keeps a diary in English and her written English is becoming better and better.第28页/共32页Now,Id like to tell you how Mary learns English.For one thi
27、ng,She often reads aloud,which helps her to remember them easily and form a good habit of thinking in English.For another,she listens to English program every day and communicate/talk with others in English.In this way,She has improved both her listening and spoken English.In addition,she keeps a di
28、ary in English every day so that her written English is becoming better and better.第29页/共32页Homework 书面表达。(注意关联词的恰当使用。)寒假即将来临，你班同学讨论了假期计划，提出了不同看法。请根据提示邪一篇有关讨论的英语短文，并谈谈你的看法。1词数120左右。2.分段表述。3.可适当增加细节。4参考词汇：眼界：horizon/view优优 点点缺缺 点点待在待在家中家中花费少、舒适方便花费少、舒适方便不能亲身了解外界不能亲身了解外界外出外出旅游旅游增长知识、开阔眼界增长知识、开阔眼界 花费多、旅途不便花费多、旅途不便第30页/共32页Thank youall 第31页/共32页感谢您的观看！第32页/共32页