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1、英语五种基本句型列式如下：基本句型一：（主谓）基本句型二：（主系表）基本句型三：（主谓宾）基本句型四：（主谓间宾直宾）基本句型五：C（主谓间宾宾补）第1页/共33页基本句型 一 （不及物动词Vi）此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。1.The sun was shining.2.The moon rose.3.They are running.4.We all breathe,eat,and drink.5.Who cares?第2页/共33页翻译:1.他们在唱歌.2.她跑了步.3.他所讲的没有什么关系。
2、1.They are singing.2.She ran.3.What he said does not matter.第3页/共33页基本句型 二 （是系动词）此句型的句子有一个共同的特点：句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。连系动词的分类：1.基本形式：Be(am,is,are)过去式（was,were）2.“似乎”类：appear，seem等3.“变化”类：get,grow,become,turn，go,fall等4.“感觉”类：feel，sound，smell，look，taste等5.“仍然
3、”类：remain，stay，keep，continue等第4页/共33页1.This is an English-Chinese dictionary.2.The dinner smells good.3.He felt cold.4.Everything looks different.5.He is growing tall and strong.6.The troubleis that they are short of money.第5页/共33页翻译:1.这鱼尝起来味道很好.2.他是个聪明的孩子.3.他的脸红了。1.The fish tasted delicious.2.He is
4、 a clever boy.3.His face turned red.第6页/共33页基本句型 三 （及物动词vt.）此句型句子的共同特点是：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。1.Who knows the answer?2.He enjoys reading.3.They ate what was left over.第7页/共33页翻译;1.她喜欢唱歌.2.我写了一封信.3.他们想要10 本书.1.She enjoys/loves/likes singing.2.I wrote a let
5、ter.3.They want 10 books.第8页/共33页基本句型 四 （及物vt.）（间宾：人）（直宾：物）此句型的句子有一个共同特点：谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者，另一个是动作的间接承受者。通常这一间接承受者用一个介词来连接，当动作的间接承受者在动作的直接承受者之前时，这一介词往往被省略。1.She cooked her husband a delicious meal.=She cooked a delicious meal for her husband.第9页/共33页3.He bought you a dictionary.=
6、He bought a dictionary for you.4.I showed him my pictures.=I showed my pictures to him.翻译:1.他告诉我他的名字.2.我爸爸给我买了一双鞋.1.He told me his name.=He told his name to me.2.My father bought me a pair of shoes.=My father bought a pair of shoes for me.第10页/共33页基本句型 五 （及物vt.）（宾语）（宾补）此句型的句子的共同特点是：动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾
7、语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语，才能使意思完整。1.They painted the door green.2.They found the house deserted.3.We saw him out.第11页/共33页翻译:1 我听见 他在唱歌.2.我看见他在看书.3.他叫我早点回来。1.I heard him singing.2.I saw him reading.3.He asked me to come back soon.第12页/共33页我们发现礼堂坐满了。Wefoundthehallfull.我们发现大礼堂坐满了学生和教师。Wefoundthegrea
8、thallfullofstudentsandteachers.第13页/共33页我们发现大礼堂坐满了学生和教师，在听人民日报的一位同志作有关东欧局势的重要报告。WefoundthegreathallfullofstudentsandteacherslisteningtoanimportantreportmadebyacomradefromthePeoplesDailyoncurrentaffairsinEastEurope.第14页/共33页Therebe句型There be-的构成：There be +某物/某人+某地：Therebe+sb+sw表示：某地有某物或某人E.g照片里有一个女孩和
9、两个男孩。1:There is a girl and two boys in the picture.2:There are two boys and a girl in the picture.there 是个近视眼是个近视眼-就近原则 be动词单复数形式要跟there be之后的第一个主语保持一致，如果第一个主语是单数或不可数名词用is，如果第一个主语是复数用are。第15页/共33页请使用Therebe-描述下图There is a cat and two birds in front of the house.There are two birds and a cat in front
10、 of the house.第16页/共33页wThere is a radio on the desk.There be-的一般疑问句 Is there a radio on the desk?Yes,there is./No,there isnt.wThere are some shoes under the bed.Are there any shoes under the bed?Yes,there are./No,there arent.w规则：is/are要提前,some 变any,句号变为问号，其他都不变第17页/共33页Therebe句型的否定形式1.Thereisaknife
11、inthekitchen.否定:Thereisnotaknifeinthekitchen.2.Therearefiveapplesonthetree.否定:Therearenotfiveapplesonthetree.3.Thereissomeinkinthebottle.否定:Thereisnotanyinkinthebottle.规则：be词后面加not,some变anyisntarent第18页/共33页Therearenotanybooksinthebag.=Therearenobooksinthebag.Therearenostudentsintheclassroom.=Therea
12、renotanystudentsintheclassroom.Thereisnotanymilkinthebottle.=Thereisnomilkinthebottle.There be否定句型中的not any与no可以互换。not any强调一个都没有。第19页/共33页Therebe句型的特殊疑问句形式1.对主语提问：当主语是人的时候，则用who引导，当主语是物的时候，则用what引导。注意：无论原句的主语是单数还是复数，对之提问时一般都用be的单数形式(回答时却要根据实际情况来决定)。如：Therearelotsofcarsoverthere.Whatsoverthere?There
13、isalittlegirlintheroom.Whoisintheroom?第20页/共33页2.对地点状语提问：则用where引导如：Thereisacomputeronthedesk.Whereisthecomputer?Therearefourchildrenontheplayground.Wherearethefourchildren?3.对数量提问：一般有两种句型结构：Howmany+复数名词+arethere+介词短语？Howmuch+不可数名词+isthere+介词短语？第21页/共33页A:How many birds are there in the tree?B:There
14、 are three.A:How many cats are there in the tree?B:There is only one.用there be 来回答。第22页/共33页therebe句型有时态的变化1.there be 句型的一般过去时Therewas/were+某物/某人+其他。思考：什么时候用was,什么时候用wereThere_ateacherand40studentsintheroomyesterday.was第23页/共33页2.there be句型的一般将来时Therewillbe+sb/sth+其他Thereis(are)goingtobe+sb/sth+其他Th
15、erewillbeapartyonMonday.Thereisgoingtobeameetingthisafternoon.第24页/共33页Therebe句型的其他结构：Therebesb.doingsth.地点/时间有某人在做某事Thereisababysleepingintheroom.树上有一只鸟正在唱歌。Thereisabirdsinginginthetree.街上有两个男孩正在奔跑。Therearetwoboysrunninginthestreet.第25页/共33页1.There_manymonkeysinthemountain.2.There_abeautifulgardeni
16、nourschool.3.There_somewaterintheglass.4.There_somebreadonthetable.5._thereanymapsonthewall?6.There_twentydesksinourclassroom.7.There_abirdinthetree.8.There_sometreesnearthehouse.9._thereacupofteaonthetable?10.There_someapplejuiceintheglass.12.There _a picture and two maps on the wall.用be动词is/are 填空
17、：areisisIsareisareAreisisis第26页/共33页二.把下例句子改成疑问句:1.There are four apples on the ground.一般疑问句:_2.There are some birds in the tree.一般疑问句:_3.There are five birds in the tree.特殊疑问句:_ Are there four apples on the ground?Are there any birds in the tree?How many birds are there in the tree?第27页/共33页三.把下例句子
18、改成否定句:1.There are two bowls on the table.否定句:_2.There are some beautiful flowers in the garden.否定句:_3.There is a tree in the garden.否定句:_ There arent two bowls on the table.There arent any beautiful flowers in the garden.There isnt a tree in the garden.第28页/共33页按要求改句子(notany=no)1.There are not any c
19、ats in my family.=_2.There is not any milk in the bottle.=_3.There are no teachers in the school.=_There are no cats in my family.There is no milk in the bottle.There arent any teachers in the school.第29页/共33页对句子划线部分提问。3.Therearesevendaysinaweek.4.Therearelotsofbooksinourlibrary.5.Thereisawomanovert
20、here.6.Thereisalittlemilkintheglass.How many days are there in a week?Whats in your library?Who is over there?Whats in the glass?第30页/共33页对句子划线部分提问。3.Therearesevendaysinaweek.4.Therearelotsofbooksinourlibrary.5.Thereisawomanoverthere.6.Thereisalittlemilkintheglass.How many days are there in a week?Whats in your library?Who is over there?Whats in the glass?第31页/共33页The End.第32页/共33页感谢您的观看！第33页/共33页