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1、EPCK的基本理论的基本理论 舒尔曼教授:学科教学知识Pedagogical Content Knowledge（简称PCK）英语学科教学知识（简称EPCK）EPCK的组成部分EPCK的重要性课程和教材的知识 第1页/共87页2 每单元由每单元由7 7个板块构成：个板块构成：1 Welcome to the unit (1p)2 Reading(4 pp)3 Word power(2 pp)4 Grammar and usage(4 pp)5 Task(6 pp)6 Project(2 pp)7 Self-assessment(1 p)牛津高中英语牛津高中英语单元结构单元结构第2页/共87页3
2、一、一、ReadingReading Reading 包括:读前问题（A），阅读材料本身(B)、读后练习(C F)和紧跟在阅读文章后面的Reading strategy。A A 三个问题，练习快速阅读。B B 阅读文章。对话或短文，跨两页。C C 关于文章的更多问题，有时分C1,C2，从更 多的细节到文章的深层理解。D D 根据上下文猜测和理解词义，有时分D1,D2。E E 根据课文意义完成短文，综合理解。F F 拓展 延伸练习。依据与课文相关的话题或 细节开展讨论。第3页/共87页Steps and methods for teaching readingThe main sub-skill
3、s of reading are:Prediction;Reading for the main idea;Reading for specific information;Checking for comprehension;Having a discussion英语课程与教学论新编第4页/共87页课例一、阅读版块教学操作要领和实例1、课文的巧妙导入2、阅读过程的正确引导3、提高学生阅读技能的精心指导4、有效的课后活动设计第5页/共87页1、课文的巧妙导入1.1直观导入1.2对话导入1.3媒体导入第6页/共87页1.1直观导入法e.g.:在教学第七模块第一单元living with tech
4、nology的阅读文章the evolution of video and sound devices导入阶段就可以直接向学生展示手提电脑、手机、电子词典等电子设备。第二单元阅读课two life-saving medicines导入时就可以展示阿司匹林和盘尼西林两种药物。第7页/共87页1.2对话导入第六模块第二单元阅读课文Turandot in beijing以学生的兴趣爱好为切入点，问：Who is your favorite singer?Do you like opera?引出图兰朵歌剧这一话题第8页/共87页2、阅读过程的正确引导2.1 浅层阅读，整体了解课文大意和脉络2.2 深层
5、阅读，局部了解课文主要情节和要点第9页/共87页21浅层阅读，整体了解课文大意和轮廓第四模块第三单元阅读课文Not just watching a film第10页/共87页3、提高学生阅读技能的精心指导3.1 快速浏览，抓住关键词和主题句技能的培养3.2 巧妙猜词释义技能的培养3.3 学会领会title及sub-title3.4 帮助学生养成良好的阅读习惯第11页/共87页3.1快速浏览，抓住关键词和主题句技能的培养 阅读第五模块第一单元时，指导学生抓住如下的关键词和主题句：Para 1:best friends,academic,hard-working,get good marks.Pa
6、ra 2:had a surprise Maths test,worried about the resultsPara 3:be cheerful,something was wrong,Para 4:noticed that,were staring at mePara 5:I was so angry that I went straight to 第12页/共87页3.2巧妙猜词和释义技能的培养(1)根据上下文提供的内容猜测生词(2)内在逻辑关系(3)根据构词法判断、猜测词义(4)通过对比关系来推测词义 第13页/共87页(1)根据上下文提供的内容猜测生词如：Anthropology
7、is the scientific study of man.由定义可知，anthropology就是“研究人类的科学”。又如：The word“etiquette”,which is of French origin and originally meant a label,or a sign,passed into Spanish and kept its original meaning.通过or（即，就是），我们可以知道前后所指的是同一概念，因此句中的label是指 sign。第14页/共87页(2)内在逻辑关系 如：2003年全国高考卷阅读理解C篇：First put forward
8、 by the French mathematician Pierre de Fermat in the seventeenth century,the theorem had baffled and beaten the finest mathematical minds,including a French woman scientist who made a major advance in working out the problem,Through unbelievable determination Andrew Wiles finally worked out the prob
9、lem in 1995.根据对下文的理解：直到1995年才解决了这一问题，以及分析baffled与beaten的关系，我们不难推测出baffled意为“cause difficulty in understanding:难住，难倒”。第15页/共87页(3)根据构词法判断、猜测词义1999年全国高考卷中B篇：Computer people talk a lot about the need for other people to become“computer-literate.”But not all experts agree that this is a good idea.从整篇文章可
10、知本文在谈论人们学会使用电脑；另外，从这一复合词的构词可知，它由computer(电脑)和literate（会读书写字的）两部分组成，因此合在一起便是“understanding the computer and knowing how to use it:懂得电脑并会用电脑的”。第16页/共87页(4)通过对比关系来推测词义 能够体现对比关系的词汇很多，主要有表示转折关系的but,however,yet,otherwise,though,on the one hand on the other hand,for one thing for another等一些反义词，在句中其前后的词有明显的
11、对比关系。第17页/共87页3.3学会领会title及sub-title如第七模块第一单元The evolution of video and sound devices一文中，每一部分都有一个sub-title.“Early history of TV/The Modern age:satellite TV/Early history of sound recorders/”读了下文段落后我们可知这些标题恰恰告诉了我们本段的主旨。第18页/共87页3.4帮助学生养成良好的阅读习惯 常见的不良阅读习惯：出声读、指读零容忍生词 无意群意识无整体意识第19页/共87页4.1读后设计活动应遵循的原则
12、 目标性拓展性 组织与指导策略设计注重思维任务型设计引自仲主任论文读后活动设计失当的案例分析及对策第20页/共87页4.2读后活动设计失当案例 与文本脱节缺乏有效组织教师的观点缺失或不合理伪话题，伪讨论忽视学生写的能力的落实引自仲主任论文读后活动设计失当的案例分析及对策第21页/共87页Discussion in groups(refer to P41)What developments in science and technology would you like to see happen in the future?第22页/共87页第23页/共87页Virtual Reality第2
13、4页/共87页Not just watching a film第25页/共87页Find out the topic sentence.(the first sentence)This presentation will give you some information about RealCine:how it works,why it is better than a film,and how it can be used in other ways.Para.?Para.?Paras.?I.While-reading activities1.Fast-reading第26页/共87页t
14、he introduction of the presentationHow RealCine worksWhy RealCine is better than a filmPart 1(Para.1)2.Reading for the outlinePart 3(Para.3)Part 2(Para.2)Part 4(Paras.4-7)How it can be used in other ways第27页/共87页1.How can people watch an ordinary film?2.How many of the users senses does this product
15、 connect with?3.Reading in detailWatch and hear passively.Four of the users senses-sight,hearing,smell and touch.Part 2(Para.2)第28页/共87页Ordinary cinemaRealCinesighthearingsmelltouchtasteSpecial VR headsetSmall openings in the headsetSmall glovesHow does RealCine work?Para.3第29页/共87页What did the teen
16、ager experience in RealCine?He attended a World Cup final as the captain of the Brazilian football team and scored the winning goal.Para.4第30页/共87页1.The grandfather can no longer walk,but experienced a real African adventure.()2.Besides,VR can be used in training firefighters.()3.RealCine will not d
17、isappoint us.()FFTParas.5-74.Teachers could teach biology by allowing students to experience the world as an animal.()T True or false?第31页/共87页the topic sentence-Para.1?(the first sentence)This presentation will give you some information about RealCine:how it works,why it is better than a film,and h
18、ow it can be used in other ways.Para.?Para.?Paras.?II.Summary:Summary 1:第32页/共87页(the first sentence)This presentation will give you some information about RealCine:how it works,why it is better than a film,and how it can be used in other ways.Para.3Para.2Paras.4-7the topic sentence-Para.1?Summary 1
19、:第33页/共87页A good presentationReading strategy:reading a business presentation Summary 2:Specific information or examplesConvincing factsObjective第34页/共87页III.Post-readingWhat other ways can VR be used,besides a film?(refer to Paras4-7)第35页/共87页If you are given the chance to use the RealCine,what wil
20、l you use it to do?Why?第36页/共87页3D films第37页/共87页urban planning and construction第38页/共87页computer games第39页/共87页MilitaryTraining 第40页/共87页Promote products(houses)第41页/共87页Tragedy.A boy was so addicted to virtual games that he killed one of his companions thinking that he could be alive again,just li
21、ke the figures in the game.第42页/共87页Conclusion:Every coin has its two sides.Learn to make the most of its good side.Try to avoid its bad side.Be smart about VR!第43页/共87页SchoolworkWrite an essay about your opinion on VR.第44页/共87页Reading for the outlineTurandot in BeijingPart I:(Paras.1-3)Part II:(Par
22、as.4-6)Part III:(Paras.7-9)第45页/共87页Reading for the outlineTurandot in BeijingPart I:Part II:Part III:Background about TurandotThe of TurandotOther information about Turandotinformationplot第46页/共87页22深层阅读，局部了解课文的主要情节和要点第47页/共87页Reading in detail:I.(Paras.1-3)Background information:Setting:in _ _ _ o
23、utdoorsWriter:_ _a world-famous opera writerWhat:Turandot is the story of a _ Chinese _the Forbidden CityGiacomo Puccinis cold-heartedprincess第48页/共87页II.(Paras.4-6)The plot of Turandot:Main characters:Turandot-a _ _ Calaf-a _ Liu-Calafs fathers _ _Plot:the classic _ _ of the three main characters;C
24、alaf has _ _ _ Turandot;Turandot does not want to get _;declares anyone who wants to marry her must answer her three _ or _Chinese princessprinceyoung slavelove trianglefallenin love withmarriedriddlesdie第49页/共87页Franco Alfano-Puccinis _ _;_ the final sceneDirector:_Conductor:_,an internationally fa
25、mous conductor born in _Actors and actresses:_-Turandot;_ -Liu;_-Calaf;III.Other information about Turandot:former studentcompletedZhang YimouZubin MehtaIndiaSharon SweetBarbara HendricksKristjan Johannsson第50页/共87页51二、二、Grammar and usageGrammar and usage 通过语法规则的讲解和多种图示的呈通过语法规则的讲解和多种图示的呈现现,让学生比较全面系统
26、地掌握语法知识。让学生比较全面系统地掌握语法知识。Grammar and usage 板块根据课程标准板块根据课程标准对高中语法的教学要求，系统讲授语法对高中语法的教学要求，系统讲授语法知识，并通过在语篇中的练习加以巩固知识，并通过在语篇中的练习加以巩固和提高。基本思想是：归纳演绎并举，和提高。基本思想是：归纳演绎并举，讲练结合，讲求实效。讲练结合，讲求实效。第51页/共87页52 高中阶段的语法教学，应从语高中阶段的语法教学，应从语言应用的角度出发，把语言的形式、言应用的角度出发，把语言的形式、意义和语法有机地结合起来。要引意义和语法有机地结合起来。要引导学生在语境中了解和掌握语法的导学生在
27、语境中了解和掌握语法的表意功能。表意功能。英语课程标准英语课程标准第52页/共87页53Grammar and usage1 Introduction to attributive clauses Presenting (浅显的英语对所要讲的语法项目进行描 述，并配以典型的例句。)Practising a passage (在语篇中练习所学的语法知识。)2Relative pronouns:that,which,who,whom and whose Presenting (浅显的英语对所要讲的语法项目进行描 述，并配以典型的例句。)Practising a dialogue (在语篇中练习所学
28、的语法知识。)Module 1 Unit 1 School life第53页/共87页54Module 1 Unit 2 Growing painsGrammar and usage 1 Preposition+which and preposition+whom Presenting (浅显的英语对所要讲的语法项目进行 描述，并配以典型的例句。)Practising (A、B两部分在所给句子的特定情境中练习所学的语法知识。）2 Relative adverbs:when,where and why Presenting (浅显的英语对所要讲的语法项目进行描述，并配以典型的例句。)Practi
29、sing（在语篇中练习所学的语法知识。）第54页/共87页课例二：课例二：Grammar and usage Grammar and usage第55页/共87页MOTHERS DAYMOTHERS DAY第56页/共87页 You love pop songs.So do I.Seldom have I given any present to my mother.第57页/共87页Had I given any present to my mother last year,she would have been very excited.So excited was she that sh
30、e prepared a delicious meal for me.第58页/共87页Only after I arrived,did I realize this was a beautiful school.第59页/共87页 Out came Ms.Wang Liai,an expert teacher in your school.Seated at the back are some expert teachers from diffrent schools.第60页/共87页You love pop songs.So do I.Only after I arrived,did I
31、 realize this was a beautiful school.Seldom have I given any present to my mother.So excited was she that she prepared a delicious meal for me.Had I given any present to my mother last year,she would have been very excited.Seated at the back are some expert teachers from diffrent schools.Out came Ms
32、.Wang Liai,an expert teacher of your school.Partial inversionFull inversion第61页/共87页结构：结构：助动词助动词/情态动词情态动词+主语主语+谓语动词谓语动词Partial inversion部分倒装部分倒装Inversion倒倒装装结构：结构：谓语动词谓语动词+主语主语 Full inversion完全倒装完全倒装Seldom have I given any gift to,.Out came Ms.Wang Liai,an expert teacher of your school.第62页/共87页 部分倒
33、装（部分倒装（Partial Inversion)【规则规则1】否定或半否定词放句首表示强调时否定或半否定词放句首表示强调时【规则规则2】only+only+状语位于句首状语位于句首【规则规则3】so/neither/nor 位于句首的情况位于句首的情况【规则规则4】在虚拟语气条件句中【规则规则5】as as引导的让步状语从句引导的让步状语从句【规则规则6】特殊固定句型特殊固定句型 第63页/共87页在下列在下列否定或半否定词否定或半否定词放句首表示强调时放句首表示强调时从不从不任何地方都不任何地方都不很少很少刚刚，几乎不刚刚，几乎不决不决不【规则1】nevernowhereseldom,li
34、ttle,few,rarelyhardly,scarcely,barelyby no means,at no time,in no way,in no case,under no circumstances,on no account 第64页/共87页 部分倒装（部分倒装（Partial Inversion)【规则规则1】否定或半否定词放句首表示强调时否定或半否定词放句首表示强调时【规则规则2】only+only+状语位于句首状语位于句首【规则规则3】so/neither(nor)位于句首的情位于句首的情况况【规则规则4】在虚拟语气条件句中【规则规则5】asas引导的让步状语从句引导的让步状
35、语从句【规则规则6】特殊固定句型特殊固定句型 Group1Group2Group3Group4Group5第65页/共87页 介词短语介词短语Only+Only+状语状语 状语从句状语从句 +部分部分倒装倒装 副词副词(only(only用于修饰用于修饰主语主语 时时,不不倒装倒装)Only+Only+状语位于句首状语位于句首:【规则规则2】eg:Only after I arrived,did I realize this is a beautiful school.eg:Only my brother didnt give any gift to my mother.第66页/共87页So
36、+助助/be/情态动词情态动词+主语主语（也，主语不同）也，主语不同）So+主语主语+助助/be/情态动词情态动词(确实如此确实如此)Neither Nor+助助/be/情态动词情态动词+主语主语 (也不也不)【规则3】so/neither/nor 位于句首的情况:You love pop songs.So do I.You didnt give any present.Neither/Nor did I.第67页/共87页【规则4】在虚拟语气条件句中从句谓语有从句谓语有助动词助动词were,had,should时，可将时，可将if 省略省略,were,had,should 移到句首移到句首。
37、Were I ten years younger,I would cherish Mothers Day more than ever.Had I given any present to my mother last year,she would have been very excited.Should I give a bunch of flowers to my mother,she would be overjoyed.第68页/共87页asas引导的让步状语从句要用倒装语序引导的让步状语从句要用倒装语序n/adj/adv/v+as/though+subject+be/情态动词情态动
38、词.Tips:1.单数可数名词作表语提前不用冠词 2.句首是实义动词，则其他动词放在主语后 3.如果实义动词有宾语和状语，则随实义动 词一起放在主语之前【规则5】eg:Although/though he may try,he never succeeds.Try as/though he may,he never succeeds.第69页/共87页特殊固定句型特殊固定句型在在 hardly/scarcelywhen；no soonerthan;not only but also；so.that;suchthat 的倒装句中，的倒装句中，前倒后不倒前倒后不倒 not until 引导的从句位
39、于句首引起的倒装引导的从句位于句首引起的倒装,主倒从不倒主倒从不倒【规则6】Hardly had my mother seen the gift,she burst into tears.Not until I saw the gift,did I realize it was the Mothers Day.第70页/共87页完全倒装（完全倒装（Full Inversion)【规则1】here,there,now,then 或或out,in,up,down,away,off等副词放在句首等副词放在句首,谓语动词是谓语动词是come,go,rush等等,且且主语是名词主语是名词，句子完全倒装。
40、，句子完全倒装。Out came Ms.Wang Liai.Tips:若主语为人称代词，若主语为人称代词，则句子则句子_倒装倒装不不Out she came.第71页/共87页表方位的副词短语或介词短语置于句首，句中的表方位的副词短语或介词短语置于句首，句中的谓语动词为谓语动词为sit,stand,lie 等表示静态存在意义的不等表示静态存在意义的不及物动词时，句子完全倒装。及物动词时，句子完全倒装。At the bottom of my heart_ who in the world would love us so deeply without asking for any reward.
41、A.lies a questionB.a question liesC.does a question lieD.a question does lie【规则2】第72页/共87页【规则规则3】主语较长时，通常将表语提至句首，主语主语较长时，通常将表语提至句首，主语和动词和动词be be 倒装。表语倒装。表语+系动词系动词+主语主语改写句子改写句子1.The days when my mother suffered from heavy housework are gone.2.A group of expert teachers are seated at the back of the l
42、ecture hall.=Gone are the days when my mother suffered from heavy housework.=Seated at the back of the lecture hall are a group of expert teachers.第73页/共87页倒倒装装全部倒装全部倒装部分倒装部分倒装1.在以在以here、there、now、then、off、away等副词开头的句子里。等副词开头的句子里。2.表示地点的介词短语位于句首时。表示地点的介词短语位于句首时。1.Only+状语位于句首时状语位于句首时2.否定副词或短语位于句首时否定副
43、词或短语位于句首时 3.So Neither Nor 位于句首时位于句首时4.在省去在省去if的虚拟条件从句的虚拟条件从句 中中5.as引导的让步状语从句引导的让步状语从句 6.特殊固定句型特殊固定句型总结归纳总结归纳3.表语提前时 第74页/共87页Consolidation:用倒装改写句子用倒装改写句子1.I realized it was Mothers day,only when I saw the gifts.2.I have seldom given any gift to my mother.3.My mother had hardly seen the gift when sh
44、e burst into tears.4.I think of my mother only on Mothers day.5.We shall forget our mothers at no time.第75页/共87页Consolidation:用倒装改写句子用倒装改写句子1.Only when I saw the gifts,did I realize it was Mothers Day.2.Seldom have I given any gift to my mother.3.Hardly had my mother seen the gift when she burst int
45、o tears.4.Only on Mothers Day do I think of my mother.5.At no time shall we forget our mothers.第76页/共87页写作应用写作应用(120words)My Mothers DayLast Sunday is Mothers Day._.第77页/共87页Reference:1.Only when I saw the gifts,did I realize it was Mothers day.2.Seldom have I given any gift to my mother.3.Hardly ha
46、d my mother seen the gift when she burst into tears.4.Only on Mothers day do I think of my mother.5.At no time shall we forget our mothers.第78页/共87页三、Task板块的教学问题1.Task板块教材设计意图2.Task板块基本教学流程3.Task板块教学活动原则第79页/共87页1.Task板块教材设计意图 体现了任务型语言教学的理念 布置几个任务以完成终极任务写通过完成任务培养听、说、读、写的综合技能 通过一系列的课堂学习活动学会熟练、自如地运用英语
47、第80页/共87页2.Task板块基本教学流程2.1 创设情境 导入 任务2.2 协作阅读 信息输入 2.3 调查访谈 对话切入 2.4 小组讨论 集体构思 2.5 教师指导 画龙点睛 第81页/共87页3.任务型语言活动的原则（David Nunan）3.1 Scaffolding3.2 Task dependency3.3 Recycling3.4 Active learning3.5 Integration3.6 Reproduction to creation3.7 Reflection(辅助性原则)(任务相依性原则)(循环性原则)(主动学习原则)(整合性原则)(由模仿到创造的原则)(反思性原则)第82页/共87页课例三：Task板块教学实例task课例.ppt第83页/共87页84四、关于日常教学问题的讨论u生词的处理方式？u每节课都需要预习？u课文录音处理方式？u课文的朗读与背诵？u怎样指导阅读策略？u怎样处理教材中的听力？第84页/共87页研究教材研究教材 研究课例研究课例 辅助建构辅助建构EPCK EPCK 促进专业发展！促进专业发展！第85页/共87页Thank you very Thank you very much!much!Goodbye !Goodbye !第86页/共87页感谢您的观看！第87页/共87页