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1、2023年修辞手法对照_修辞手法对照 修辞手法对照由我整理,希望给你工作、学习、生活带来方便,猜你可能喜欢“修辞手法对照”。 9.对 照 Antithesis 1.定义 Antithesis is a figure of speech which represents a contrast or opposition of things, actions, qualities, conditions, effects, etc.Antithesis usually consists of a pair of opposite things which are expreed in two ph
2、rases or sentences.The opposite things are usually written in parallel structure.对照(或反对)是把意义相反的词、短语、句子放在对称的位置上,以表示事物、行为、品德、条件、效果等相对立或对比的修辞格,以平行结构进行表达,从而突出两个事物的鲜明对比。它相当于汉语对偶中的反对。但两者也有不同之处:汉语中的反对是由两个字数相等、结构相似的句子或句子成分构成;而英语中的Antithesis既可由两个对称的句子或句子成分构成,也可由三个或三个以上的并列句子或句子成分构成,其中可能由几个并列的句子表达相似或相关的意思,而只有一
3、个句子与其他各句形成对照。Antithesis也不同于Parallelism。Parallelism是表达相似或相关的意思,旨在加强语势;而Antithesis是表示相反的意思,旨在突出对比。例如: Money is a good servant but a bad master.(Holy Bible)Life can only be understood backwards, but it must be lived forwards.(William Osler)只有向后看才能理解生活,但要生活好必须向前看。*由于Antithesis能揭示事物的矛盾性,此类语句往往说得巧妙、机智、隽永,
4、蕴含着某种人生的哲理或真谛,加之结构整齐、匀称,音韵铿锵,故运用频繁,常见于英语谚语、演说、报刊文献及文学作品中。 2表达方式 (1)同一事物两面对照 United we stand;divided we fall.团结则存,分裂则亡。 Hope is a good breakfast, but a bad supper.希望是一顿美好的早餐,但是一顿糟糕的晚餐。From them all MarkTwain gained a keen perception of the human race, of the difference between what people claim to be
5、 and what they really are.(NoelGrove)从他们身上,马克吐温对人类有了敏锐的深刻认识,看清了他们口头说的和实际做的区别。 *本句中两个what引导的从句相对立,形成对照。对人不能只看他们的宣言,更重要的是要看他们实际怎么做的。有些人言行不一,耍两面派,不要上当。 A world will lament them a day and forget then forever.世界对他们会痛苦一时,但最终会永远忘记他们。America is the paradise for the rich and the hell for the poor.美国是富人的天堂,穷人
6、的地狱。 Caesar.Cowards die many times before their death;The valiant never taste of death but once (William Shakespeare: Julius Caesar)凯撒 懦夫在未死以前,就已经死过好多次;勇士一生只死一次 They are wonderful when they are good, he thought.There is no people like them when they are good and when they go bad there is no people t
7、hat is worse.(E.Hemingway: For Whom the Bell Tolls)他想,他们好的时候真了不起。他们好的时候,谁也比不上他们;他们坏的时候,可谁都不如他们恶毒。A bank is a place where they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for back again when it begins to rain.(Robert Frost)银行,是在天晴之时借伞给你,到了下雨之时就催你还回去的地方。 “As Caesar loved me, I weep for him;as he was
8、fortunate, I rejoice at it;as he was valiant, I honour him;but as he was ambitious,I slew him, There is tears for his love;joy for his fortune;honour for his valour;and death for his ambition.(W.Shakespeare: Julius Caesar)“因为恺撒爱我,我为他哭泣;因为他幸运,我为他高兴;因为他英勇,我尊崇他;但因为他有野心,我杀死了他。用眼泪回报他的爱;用欢乐庆祝他的幸运;用尊崇纪念他的英
9、勇;而用死亡制止他的野心。” *这里有两个antithesis结构。在每一个antithesis结构中,最后一句与前三句形成对照。 (2)两物相对照 The Christian believes that man came from above.The evolutionist believes that he must have come from below.基督教徒认为人类来自于天上。而进化论者则认为人类必定来自于地下。 And so, my fellow Americans, ask not what your country can do for you;ask what you c
10、an do for your country.(Kennedy)因此,我的美国同伴们,你们不要问你们的国家能够为你们做什么,而要问你们为自己的国家做些什么。Hatred stirreth up strifes, but love covereth all sins.仇恨煽起纷争,相爱掩盖罪恶。The more he did, the le he got.他干得越多,得到的就越少。 Any man or state who fights on against Nazidom will have our aid.Any man or state who marches with Hitler is
11、 our foe.(Churchill)任何反抗纳粹的人或国家都会得到我们的援助。任何与希特勒为伍的人或国家都是我们的仇敌。 Crafty men condemn studies, simple men admire them.艺术家谴责学问,普通的人崇拜学问。Penny wise and pound foolish.大事糊涂,小事聪明。 To rule is easy, to govern difficult.统治易,管理难。 Think 1ike a man of action, act like a man of thought.思考要像实干家,行动要像思考家。 Sink or swim
12、, live or die, survive or perish, I give my hand and my heart to this vote.(Daniel Webster)沉或浮,生或死,存或亡,我都诚心诚意地投上这一票。 *该句再现了当年亚当斯(John Adams)为支持北美独立而大声疾呼的情景。句子连用三个Antithesis,说明北美人民面临的是决定民族前途、命运的关键时刻,同时也表明亚当斯的爱国赤诚与坚定决心。 Men always want to be a womans first love;women have a more subtle instinct;what t
13、hey like is to be a mans last romance.(Oscar Wilde)男人老想当上女人的第一个情人;女人则具有更微妙的本能,她们喜欢的是成为男人追求的最后一个对象。To be, or not to be: that is the question: whethertis nobler in the mind to suffer the slings and arrows of outrageous fortune, or to take arms against a sea of troubles by opposing end them(Shakespeare
14、: Hamlet)生存还是毁灭:这是一个值得考虑的问题:默然忍受命运的暴虐的毒箭,还是挺身反抗人世的无涯的苦难,通过斗争把它们扫清,这两种行为,哪一种更高贵 A peimist is one who makes difficulties of his opportunities;an optimist is one who makes opportunities of his William difficulties.(Reginald B.Mansell)悲观的人把机会变成困难;乐观的人将困难化为机会。Where theres marriage without love, there wil
15、l be love without marriage.(Benjamin Franklin)哪里有无爱情的婚姻,哪里便有无婚姻的爱情 *上二例体现了一种特殊的Antithesis,即在句中采用“交错配列法”(chiasmus)倒装前语言单位的某些词序,使句子前后对照,相映成趣,寓理深刻,发人深思。It was the best of times, it was the worst of times: it was the age of wisdom, it was the age of foolishne;it was the epoch of belief, it was the epoch
16、 of incredulity;it was the season of Light, it was the season of Darkne;it was the spring of hope, it was the winter of despair;we had everything before us, we had nothing before us;we were all going direct to Heaven, we were all going direct to the other way.(Charles Dickens: A Tale of Two Cities)这
17、是最美好的时期,这是最坏的时期;这是智慧的年代,这是愚蠢的年代;这是充满信仰的时代,这是顾虑重重的时代;这是光明的季节,这是黑暗的季节;这是富有希望的春天,这是充满绝望的寒冬;我们拥有一切,我们一无所有;我们正笔直走向天堂,我们正笔直走 向地狱。 *狄更斯在其长篇小说双城记的开场白里,连续运了Antithesis结构,揭露了法国大革命时期社会上充满了错综复杂的矛盾。是一个动荡不安的时期,其间充满反复与曲折,交织着进步与反动、共和与帝制、红色恐怖与白色恐怖、内战与外战、征服外国与投降外国。作者生动形象地向读者说明了故事发生的时代背景。语句气势磅礴,一泻千里,堪称巧用英语Antithesis的典范
18、。 修辞手法 一.修辞手法设问示例:本诗在表达感情时主要运用了什么修辞(表现)手法?诗的第X句/X联运用了什么表现(修辞)手法?有何作用?答题步骤:先答出具体运用的某修辞手法;再答该修辞的作. 修辞手法专题 修辞手法:就是通过修饰、调整语句,运用特定的表达形式以提高语言表达作用的方式或方法。共有六十三大类,七十八小类。修辞是为适应特定的情境以及增强语言的表达效果,运用恰当的. 修辞手法 通用 修辞手法一、比喻(一)什么是比喻 比喻就是“打比方”,即利用不同事物之间的某些相似之处,用一个事物来比方另一个事物。多用一些具体的,浅显的、熟知的事物来说明抽象的、深奥的. 常用修辞手法 常用修辞手法大全1、比喻依据联想和想象,抓住本质不同事物之间的相似点,用一种事物来描写所要表现的另一事物的修辞方式叫比喻。在文学作品中,比喻可以形传神;在政论文中,可使道. 修辞手法 修辞手法修辞手法1答:对仗是修辞手法之一。【对仗详解】对仗是中古时诗歌格律的表现之一,对仗是诗词中要求严格的对偶。什么是对偶呢?对偶是指文句中两两相对,字数相等,句法相似,.