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1、words and expressions in Unit 41.die out 1)家族种族家族种族灭绝灭绝；eg:This species has nearly died out because its habitat is being destroyed.2)习习俗俗观观念消失念消失eg:The old custom died out many years ago.拓展：拓展：die away 声音声音 风风 光等光等渐渐渐渐消失消失die down 情情绪绪逐逐渐渐平息平息 die off 相相继继死亡死亡 草木先后枯死草木先后枯死eg The wind died away at du
2、sk.The noise has died down.Many trees are dying off for lack of water.2 loss n.损失 遗失 丧失 lose v.suffer a a great loss 遭受重大损失at a loss 不知所措eg:The company suffer a great loss as a result of that mistake.3 hunt vt/vi 打猎 猎取 /搜寻 hunt for sth=search for sth寻找某物 go hunting 去打猎 eg:Weather permitting,well go
3、hunting this Sunday morning.She is still hunt for a new job.4 respond vi 回答 回应 对.做出反应回信respond to eg:She responded briefly to the questions.n.response in response to 对.回应make a quick reaponse to对.作出快速反应eg:Im writing in response to your letter.5.relief n (痛苦、忧虑）的减轻、消除 v,relieve 减轻缓解in relief 如释重负 松了口
4、气 eg:Seeing the lost children,the mother was in relief.to ones relief 令某人感到欣慰的是eg:To her relief,her son was out of dangerThose who suffer from headache will find they get _ from this medicine.A.relief B.safety C.defense D.shelter【点拨点拨】选选A。题意：那些头痛的人会发。题意：那些头痛的人会发现这种药物能减轻疼痛。现这种药物能减轻疼痛。relief 符合题符合题意。意
5、。safety安全；安全；defense防御，防护；防御，防护；shelter遮蔽，庇护。遮蔽，庇护。relief from sth.减轻减轻e.g.The drug gives some relief from pain.这种药可以减轻一些这种药可以减轻一些 痛苦。痛苦。6.mercy n 仁慈 宽恕 怜悯ask/beg for mercy 请求宽恕show mercy to sb=have mercy on sb 同情，怜悯某人without mercy毫不留情地，残忍地at the mercy of sb 任由某人控制或摆布Period Oneto at on without 7.cer
6、tain adj 1）某个，某些（仅做定语）The library is only open at certain times of day.2)确定的，一定=surefor certain =for sure无疑地 确定地 be certain to do sth 一定会做某事be certain of/about sth 对某事有把握be certain that 确信It is certain that 对.有把握certainly adv.eg:He is certain to come.=It is certain that he will come.Im certain of yo
7、ur seccess.=Im certain that you will succeed.8.contain vt.1)包含，容纳，装有eg How much will this bottle contain?Fruits contain many vitamins.2)抑制，控制，克制（强烈的情感）contain oneself 克制自己eg Try to contain your anger.辨析：contain&include.contain 指某物装在比其更大的物体内。include 指某物为整体的一部分或一个要素。eg:The jar contains olives.The meal
8、 includes steak.注意，including 为介词，included 为形容词比较：Everyone laughed,including me(me included).8 affect v 侵袭 感染1)影响=influnenceAs a matter of fact,your opinion will not affect my decision.2)感动=moveMost people present at the meeting were deeply affected by his speech.effect nhave an effect on=have an inf
9、luence on对.产生影响9 attention n.注意，关注，注意力pay attention to 注意 fix/focus ones attention on sth 把注意力集中在.上draw/attract/catch/get ones attention to 吸引某人对.的注意eg.She is always pay little attention to her own health.Most attention must be paid _the endangered animals.A protect B to protect C to protecting D pr
10、oteting c10appreciate vt 欣赏 鉴赏 感激 意识到 eg:I appreciate your help very much.appreciate 后不接to do 作宾语，但可接名词、代词、或动名词做宾语。Appreciate ones doing sth 感激某人做某事I would appreciate it if 假如我将不胜感激eg:I would appreciate it if you could deal with the difficult problem for me.B11 succeed v 成功1)成功Succeed in doing sth 成
11、功做某事eg:She studied very hard,as a result,he succeed in passing the entrance examination to college.2）继承，接替，继任succeed sb as 接替某人担任.Trump succeed Obama as president in the USA.succeed to sth.继承某物eg:The prince succeeded to the throne after the kings death.success n.successful adj.fail vfailure n12 empl
12、oy employ 雇佣 利用（时间、精力）=make use ofemploy sb 雇佣某人employ time 利用时间Employ sb to be/as 雇佣某人担任eg:She has been employed as a secretary in a big company.employ sb to do sth 雇佣某人做某事sb be employed in doing sth 忙于做某事employer 雇主，employee 雇员Period Onehas been employed as have been employed to deal with was empl
13、oyed in making 13 harm对某人有害Do harm to sb 对有害eg:Smoking do great harm to our health.mean no harm 无恶意，不想伤害eg:Shes a terrible gossip but she means no harm.harmful adj.同义词：damage.injury.hurtPeriod Onedoes harm to our health theres no harm in asking/it does noharm to ask14inspect vt.检查 视察(强调上级对下级的检查）n.in
14、spection inspector 检查员 视察员eg:The mayor will inspect our school tommorrow.同义词：examine 检查，可指身体检查 check 强调”核实“inspection inspector inspecting 15come into being 出现；形成；产生注意，不能用于被动语态，也不能用于被动语态eg:When did the first calculating machine come into being?come into effect/force开始实施；生效come into use开始使用come into
15、power 上台，当权come across 偶然遇见Come out 出版 开花 come up 被提出 发芽 走近Come about 产生 造成B本本课课栏栏目目开开关关Part OnePart Two16 so thatso that(1)因此，结果，以致于，用于引导结果状语从句。The niece was spoiled so that she became more and more naughty.(2)以便，为了，用于引导目的状语从句，此时从句中常含有情态动词may/might，can/could，should，would等。Many athletes take part in the Olympic Games so that they can win glory for their homeland.in order to so as to C