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1、1 Unit 1 Making friends I.必记单词 German adj.德国的 n.德国人 complete v.完成 sound n.声音 age n.年龄 country n.国家 Germany n.德国 everyone n.人人 friendly adj.友爱的 elder adj.年长的 Japan n.日本 world n.世界 US n.美国 yourself pron.你自己 grammar n.语法 hobby n.爱好 engineer n.工程师 dream n.梦想 flat n.公寓 mountain n.山 II.常考短语 close to 接近 go
2、 to school 去上学 be good at 擅长 make friends with 与交朋友 all over 遍及 d like to=would like to 愿意 far away from 远离 hear from 收到某人的来信 be/come from 来自 in my free/spare time 在我的空闲时间 ones favourite subject 某人最喜欢的科目 on the Internet 在网上 III.重点句型 1.Welcome to my blog.2.I live with my family in a house close to so
3、me mountains.3.What do you want to be?4.My dream is to be an engineer.5.My favourite subject is science.6.The teachers are very friendly.7.I am good at swimming and playing basketball.2 8.I want to make friends from all over the world 9.I like flying kites in my spare time.10.I hope to hear from you
4、.IV.单元语法-特殊疑问词及其释义 一、概念:用疑问词引导的疑问句称为特殊疑问句。特殊疑问句=疑问词+一般疑问句 二、疑问词 who对“人”提问疑问词 what对“物”提问 疑问词 what+名词,对年级,班,排,学号,车号,星期等提问 疑问词 what 对颜色,姓名,时间,职业,计算结果,“存在有”中的主语(人,物),天气,做什么(谓语和宾语),of 短语提问 疑问词 which,对定语提问 疑问词 whose、whose+名词,对物主代词,名词所有格提问 疑问词 how 对身体,天气,程度状语、用.工具、用.语言等提问 单元语法-定冠词 a/an 一、概念:冠词分为定冠词 the,和不定
5、冠词 a/an。a/an 表示泛指,首次提到的、不限定的人或物,仅用作单数可数名词前。二.用法:a/an 用法及比较 a 用于发音以辅音音标(不是以辅音字母)开头的单词前面。an 用于发音以元音音标(不是元音字母)开头的单词前面。Unit 2 Daily life I.必记单词 daily adj.每日的;日常的 seldom adv.不常;很少 never adv.从不 ring v.(使)发出钟声,响起铃声 ride v.骑;驾驶 End v.结束;终止 usually adv.通常地 practice n.练习 3 so conj.因此;所以 together adv.在一起 II.常考
6、短语 on foot 步行 take part in 参加 have a good time 过得愉快 go to bed 去睡觉 get up 起床 III.重点句型 1.I am a junior high school student.2.My school is close to my home,so I always go to school on foot.3.Classes start at 8 a.m.,and I am seldom late.4.We have our morning break at 9:50 a.m.5.Break ends at 10:10 a.m.6
7、.Then Tom,Jack and I take part in the school band practice.7.Does Sam go to school on bus?8.How often do you eat out?9.Many people around the world keep a diary.10.How many people are there in your family?IV.单元语法-一般现在时 一、用法:1.表示现阶段经常性或习惯性的动作,常与表示频度的时间状语连用。2.表示现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。3.表示客观事实、科学真理或格言警句。二句式结
8、构:1.be 动词的一般现在时 肯定句:主语+be(am,is,are)+其他。如:I am a boy.否定句:主语+be+not+其他。如:He is not a worker.一般疑问句:Be+主语+其他?如:-Are you a student?-Yes.I am./No,Im not.特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句?如:Where is my bike?2.实义动词的一般现在时 4 肯定句:主语+实义动词+其他。如:We study English.He often plays football after school.否定句:主语+do/does+not+动词原形+其他。如:I
9、dont like bread.He doesnt often play computer games.一般疑问句:Do/does+主语+动词原形+其他?如:-Do you often play football?-Yes,I do./No,I dont.-Does she go to work by bike?-Yes,she does./No,she doesnt.特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句?如:How does your father go to work?三动词第三人称单数的变化规则 1.一般情况下,直接在词尾加-s,如:cookcooks,staystays,readreads
10、2.以 s,x,sh,ch 和元音字母 o 结尾的,词尾加-es,如:guessguesses,fixfixes,washwashes,watchwatches,gogoes 3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变 y 为 i,再加-es,如:studystudies,trytries,flyflies 4.不规则变化:havehas 单元语法-频率副词 1.频率副词是表示与次数、频率有关的副词。常见的频率副词有:always(总是),usually(经常),sometimes(有时),seldom(不常),never(从不),once(一次),twice(两次),rarely(极少)等。2.频率副词
11、用在 be 动词、情态动词及助动词之后,行为动词之前。She is always friendly to us.她总是对我们很友好。I can never forget that day.我永远也不能忘掉那一天。Unit 3 The Earth I.必记单词 Earth n.地球 ground n.地面 quiz n.知识竞赛;小测验 kill v.杀死 pattern n.模式;形式 must modal v.必须 report n.报告 important adj.重要的 part n.部分 fact n.事实 land n.陆地 kilometre n.公里;千米 5 field n.天
12、地;田野 own adj.自己的 provide v.提供 catch v.捕捉 burn v.燃烧 few adj.不多,很少 energy n.能量;能源 away adv.到别处;pollute v.污染 Problem n.问题;难题 into prep.到.里面;进入 II.常考短语 provide.with.为.提供.put.into.把.倒入.Throw away 扔掉 III.重点句型 1.It is important for us to protect the Earth for our future.2.There are forests and rivers,mount
13、ain and fields.3.Some live on the land.some fly in the sky.Some live under the water.4.The Earth provides us with air,water and food.5.We burn things to make energy.6.We put our rubbish into the sea and under the ground.7.We must stop doing these things.IV.单元语法-可数名词和不可数名词 一概念:1.可数名词表示具体个别存在事物,如,动植物等
14、。可数名词有单复数形式,其单数形式可与不定冠词 a 或 an 连用,复数则用其复数形式。2.不可数名词表示不能个别存在的事物或物质,如空气,水,食物等。不可数没有复数形式,不能与不定冠词连用。二可数名词的复数:1、名词的复数形式的一般构成方法如下表:情况 例词 一般在名词词尾加-S Rules,books 以字母 s,x,ch,sh 结尾的词在词尾加-es Watches,boxes 6 以辅音字母加 y 结尾的词,把 y 改 I 再加-es Cities,babies 以 f 或 fe 结尾的词,把 f 或 fe 为 v 在加-es Thieves,knives 以辅音字母加 O 结尾的词在
15、词尾加-es Heroes,tomatoes 以元音字母加 O 结尾的词在词尾加-s Radios,zoos 2、一些名词的不规则变化 变化 例词 元音字母发生变化 改-a 为-e Man-men woman-women Policeman-policemen spaceman-spacemen(注意:German-Germans,human-humans)改-oo 为-ee Foot-feet,tooth-teeth 单复数同形 Sheepsheep deer-deer fish-fish 表示“某国人”单复数同形 A Chinese-two Chinese A Japanese two J
16、apanese 词尾加-S A German two Germans An American two Americans 变 man 为 men(复合名 词)An Englishman two Englishmen A Frenchman-two Frenchmen 其他形式 A child-two children a mouse-two mice 单元语法-There be 句型 一概念:表示某个地方存在某物或某人,意思是“有”。be 动词的单复数必须依主语的变化而变化。单数 is 复数 are 二结构:1.肯定句:There is+单数可数 There are+复数可数 There is
17、+不可数名词 2.否定句:只要在 be 动词后面加 not 即可,is not=isnt are not=arent 但要注意的是句中如果出现 some 则改成 any 3.疑问句:Be+there.?肯定回答:Yes,there be.7 否定回答:No,there be not.三就近原则:There be 句型中 be 动词的单复数形式由最挨近的一项的单复数决定。Eg:There is a pen,two books and many pencils on the desk.在本句中尽管有钢笔、书和铅笔,但是由于离 be 动词最近的一项是单数 a pen,因此,be 动词用单数 is。U
18、nit 4 Seasons I.必记单词 Australia n.澳大利亚 dry v.干的,干燥的 footprint n.脚印;足迹 snowy adj.下雪多的 wet adj.湿的 spend v.花(时间);度过 puddle n.水坑 relative n.亲戚;亲属 kick v.踢 during prep.在.期间 town n.镇 grandparent n.祖父母;外祖父母 blow v.吹 packet n.小包装纸袋 everything pron.所有事物;一切事物 trip n.旅行 shine V.照耀 brightly adv.明亮地 picnic n.野餐 I
19、I.常考短语 take a trip 去旅游 go on a picnic 去野餐 make snowmen 堆雪人 fly kites 放风筝 go swimming 去游泳 have a picnic 野餐 III.重点句型 8 1.In spring,the weather starts to get warm.The wind blows gently.2.Its exciting to take a trip in spring.3.Its nice to eat ice cream in the hot weather.4.In autumn,everything changes.
20、5.Children love winter because they love to play in the snow.6.People usually spend time with their relatives during the Spring Festival.IV.单元语法-形容词 一概念:形容词是用来描写或修饰名词(或代词)的一类词。形容词在句中主要用作定语、表语和宾语补足语。二用法:1.用作定语,修饰名词或代词,一般置于它所修饰的名词之前。2.用作表语,位于系动词和感官动词之后。常用的系动词和感官动词有:系动词:be,become,get,turn,go,get,seem,k
21、eep,grow.感官动词:look,feel,smell,taste,sound.3.用作宾语补足语,紧跟在宾语后面:4.形容词还用在一些固定的句型之中,如“It is+adj.+to do sth.”,表示“做某事很”5.as+形容词/副词原级+as 和一样 not as/so+形容词/副词原级+as 不 如 be+形容词原级+enough to do sth.足以做某事 三形容词变名词的方法:1.在名词后面加-y 可以变成形容词(尤其是一些与天气有关的名词)rainrainy 多雨的,cloudcloudy 多云的 注意:如果名词以重读闭音节结尾,且词尾只有一个辅音字母,这时应双写词尾的
22、辅音 字母再加-y。如:sunsunny 晴朗的,fogfoggy 有雾的,funfunny 有趣的;如果以不发音的字母 e 结尾的名词变为形容词时,应去掉 e 再加y。如:noisenoisy 吵闹的,iceicy 冰冷 2.一些抽象名词在词尾加-ful 可以变为形容词 9 carecareful 小心的,thankthankful 感谢的,helphelpful 有帮助的 3.一些表示国家的名词可以在词尾加-ese,-ish 或-n 构成表示国籍、语言的形容词 ChinaChinese,JapanJapanese,4.在名词后加-ous 变为形容词 danger-dangerous 5.在
23、名词后加-ly 变为形容词 friendfriendly,lovelovely(以-ly 结尾的还有 lonely,lively)6.在名词后加-less 构成含有否定意义形容词 carecareless 粗心的,useuseless 无用的 7.一些以-ence 结尾的名词,把-ence 改为 ent 变成形容词 differencedifferent 不同的,silencesilent 安静的 Unit 5 Visiting the moon I.必记单词 diary n.日记;日记薄 ourselves pron.我们自己 space n.太空 without prep.没有;缺乏 Sp
24、aceship n.宇宙飞船 weak adj.虚弱的;无力的 spacesuit n.宇宙服;航天服 breathe v.呼吸 nervous adj.紧张的 if conj.如果 leave v.离开 camera n.照相机 gravity n.重力;地球引力 work v.运转;运行 able adj.能;能够 garden n.花园 float v.漂浮;浮动 rock n.岩石 tie v.系;捆;绑 postcard n.明信片 II.常考短语 more than 多于(be)able to 能够 have to 不得不;必须 10 so that 以便 take photos
25、拍照 that is 也就是说;即 III.重点句型 1.Ill be one of the first students to travel into space.2.I cant wait.3.The Moon is around 380,000 kilometres from the Earth.4.Theres no gravity in space,so we will be able to float around in the spaceship.5.Well have to tie ourselves to our beds so that we wont float away
26、 in our sleep!6.Without gravity,our bodies may get weak,so well have to do exercises every day.7.I am going to take as many photos as i can,that is,if my camera still works up there.IV.单元语法-一般将来时 一概念:表示将要发生动作或存在状态及打算、计划或预备做某事。二句式结构:1.be going to+动词原形:表示打算、准备做的事或即将发生或肯定要发生的事。2.will+动词原形:表示将要发生动作或情况,没
27、有太多计划性,还用来表意愿。三一般将来时的标志词 tomorrow,next day(week,month,year),soon,the day after tomorrow,this(afternoon,evening),in+时间段(in 3 hours)Unit 6 Travelling around Asia I.必记单词 Asia n.亚洲 across prep.在.对面 guide n.手册;指南;向导 v.引路 light v.照亮;使明亮 n.光;电灯 area n.地域;地区 direction n.方向 traditional adj.传统的 natural adj.自然
28、的;天然的 modern adj.现代的;近代的 现代化的 beauty n.美;美丽 sightseeing n.观光;游览 bridge n.桥 centre n.中心点;中心 pond n.池塘 11 fountain n.喷泉 snack n.小吃 building n.建筑 outside prep.在.外面 just adv.正好;恰好 dumpling n.饺子;汤团 temple n.庙;寺 II.常考短语 travel guide 旅游手册 place of interest 名胜 in the centre of 在.的中心 light up 点亮;照亮 in the no
29、rth-west of 在.的西北部 III.重点句型 1.Shanghai is noe of the largetest cities in the world.2.If you like sightseeing,you will love it.3.If you visir Peoples square,you can also see famous buildings aroud it.4.The Pudong New Area,just across the Huangpu River,has many modern buildings.5.At night,these tall b
30、uildings light up the sky in every direction.IV.单元语法-条件状语从句主将从现 一概念:条件是指某一件事情实现之后(状语从句中),一件事情(主句)才能发生,通常译作“假如,只要,如果”等意思。条件状语从句中,主从句的时态要遵循“主将从现”的原 则。即,主句是将来时态时,从句用一般现在时。二引导词:1.If conj.如果,假如 If you ask him,he will help you If you fail in the exam,you will let him down 2.unless conj.除非,若不,除非在的时候(if.not
31、.)You will fail to arrive there in time unless you start earlier.Unless it rains,the game will be played.12 3.so/as long as conj.只要 You may borrow my book as long as you keep it clean.三常见情况:1.条件状语从句的主句是一般将来时,那么从句常常用一般现在时。When I grow up,Ill be a nurse and look after patients.2.如果主句是祈使句,那么从句通常要用一般现在时。
32、If you want to have a chat,call me up.3.如果主句是含有情态动词时,根据需要从句多用一般现在时。You should be quiet when you are in the reading room.四知识拓展:1.在以 when,before,as soon as 等引导的时间状语从句,也适用“主将从现”原则,即如果主句是一般将来时,从句则用一般现在时。Ill tell her the good news when she comes back.2.If 条件句的同义句:祈使句,and/or+将来时态的陈述句。Work hard,and you wil
33、l make great progress.=If you work hard,you will make great progress.Unit 7 School clubs I.必记单词 fair n.展览会;展销 adj.公平的 another pron.又一;另一(事物或人)photography n.摄影 amazing adj.令人大为惊奇的 rocket n.火箭 skill n.技术 solar adj.太阳的 boring adj.令人厌倦的;乏味的 power n.能;能量 headline n.大字标题 attend v.参加 information n.消息;资料 te
34、ach v.教;讲授 ant n.蚂蚁 launch v.发射 butterfly n.蝴蝶 disappear v.消失;消散 bee n.蜜蜂 surprised adj.吃惊的;感到惊讶的 recent adj.近来的;新近的 13 II.常考短语 learn about 学习 all the way 一路上;自始至终 of course 当然 remote control 遥控器 look up(在字典或参考书中)查阅,查检 III.重点句型 1.Our club will teach you how to build the Rocket Club.2.The rocket disa
35、ppeared into the sky.Linda and Leo were very surprised.3.She took a toy car from the table and then used a remote control to drive it all around the playground.4.Linda and Leo learnt about many clubs.After the fair,they felt very excited.IV.单元语法-一般过去时 一概念:表示过去某个时间发生动作或存在状态,也可以表示过去经常或反复发生动作。二结构:解释 例句
36、 be 动词一般过去时结构 肯定句/否定句 I/He/She/It was wasnt happy You/We/They were werent 一般疑问句 Was I/he/she/it happy?Were you/we/they 实义动词的一般过去时结构 肯定句 I/You/We/They He/She/It played happily.否定句 I/You/We/They He/She/It didnt play happily.一般疑问句 Did I/you/we/They/he/she/it play happily?三动词过去式变化规则:绝大多数的规则动词 加 ed walk-
37、walked 以辅音字母加 y 结尾的动词 去 y 加 ied cry-cried 14 以字母 e 结尾的规则动词 加 d arrive-arrived 以“辅音字母+元音字母+辅音字 母(w 和 y 除外)”结尾的规则动词 双写结尾的字母再加 ed stop-stopped preferpreferred Unit 8 Collecting things I.必记单词 unusual adj.与众不同的;不寻常的 granddaughter n.孙女;外孙女 interview n.&v.采访 newspaper n.报纸 model n.模型 inside adv.向里面 stamp n
38、.邮票 everywhere adv.到处;各个地方 doorbell n.门铃 follow v.跟随 front n.&adj.前面(的)hardly adv.几乎不 silver adj.银色的 n.银 space n.空间 push v.按;摁 free adj.空闲的;免费的 soon adv.不久 should modal v.应该 grandson n.孙子;外孙 sentence n.句子 magazine n.孙女;外孙女 ago adv.以前 something pron.某事;某物 UK n.英国 really adv.(强调观点等)确实;的确 over adv.以上;大
39、于;多于 anything pron.任何事物 II.常考短语 living room 客厅;起居室(be)bad for 对.有害的(be)interested in 对.感兴趣 work of art(绘画,雕塑等)艺术作品 III.重点句型 1.Sam and Helens grandparents collect almost everything.2.The children followed her into the living room and saw lots of toys there.15 3.The children followed her into the livi
40、ng room and saw lots of toys there.There was hardly any space for the children to sit down.4.You have your school work to do,so you shouldnt spend too much time collecting time.IV.单元语法-人称代词 一概念:用来代替名词、名词短语或句子的词称为代词。代词可分为:人称代词、指示代词、疑问代词、反身代词和不定代词等。人称代词是用来代替人或物的词,分为主格和宾格。二类型:人称 单数 复数 主格 宾格 主格 宾格 第一人称
41、I me we us 第二人称 you you you you 第三人称 he him they them she her it it 单元语法-物主代词 一概念:物主代词是用来表示所有关系的,分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种。二类型:类型 词义 我的 你的 他的/她的/它的 我们的 你们的 他们的 形容词性物主代词 my your his/her/its our your their 名词性物主代词 mine yours his/hers/its ours yours theirs 16 1、三人行,必有我师。20.11.2511.25.202006:5006:50:21Nov-20
42、06:50 2、书是人类进步的阶梯。二二年十一月二十五日2020年11月25日星期三 3、会当凌绝顶,一览众山小。06:5011.25.202006:5011.25.202006:5006:50:2111.25.202006:5011.25.2020 4、纸上得来终觉浅,绝知此事要躬行。11.25.202011.25.202006:5006:5006:50:2106:50:21 5、一寸光阴一寸金,寸金难买寸光阴。Wednesday,November 25,2020November 20Wednesday,November 25,202011/25/2020 6、路遥知马力日久见人心。6时50分6时50分25-Nov-2011.25.2020 7、山不在高,有仙则灵。20.11.2520.11.2520.11.25。2020年11月25日星期三二二年十一月二十五日 8、有花堪折直须折,莫待无花空折枝。06:5006:50:2111.25.2020Wednesday,November 25,2020 亲爱的读者:春去燕归来,新桃换旧符。在那桃花盛开的地方,在这醉人芬芳的季节,愿你生活像春天一样阳光,心情像桃花一样美丽,感谢你的阅读。17