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1、复合句内容索引真题体验要点精析提升演练(一)宾 语 从句真题体验要点精析提升演练(二)状 语 从句真题体验要点精析提升演练(三)定 语 从句中中考考对对宾宾语语从从句句考考查查的的重重点点是是连连接接词词、时时态和语序。态和语序。返回(一)宾语从句返回真题体验根据句意完成句子1.When you had your job,You didn t have time to write down you were thinking about.(2017湖州湖州)2.Nobody knows it will finish its journey.It might be longer than exp
2、ected.(2017杭州杭州)3.The manager asked he could find the cause of the accident.(2016温州温州)whatwhenwhether/if真题体验答案4.Before you start reading,ask yourself you are reading this book.Most people read for two main reasons,pleasure or knowledge.(2018南京南京)5.You do not win respect by showing you are,but what y
3、ou re able to do.(2018无锡无锡)whywho返回答案返回要点精析在在句句子子中中起起宾宾语语作作用用的的从从句句叫叫宾宾语语从从句句。常常用用的的连连接接词词有有：that,if,whether,what,which,who,whom,when,where,how,why等。等。1.宾语从句的引导词宾语从句的引导词宾宾语语从从句句是是陈陈述述句句时时，用用that引引导导，在在口口语语中中that常常被被省省略略。宾宾语语从从句句是是一一般般疑疑问问句句时时，用用if或或whether来来引引导导。if,whether意意为为“是是否否”，whether还还可可以以与与o
4、r not连连用用。宾宾语语从从句句是是特特殊殊疑疑问问句句时时，用用疑问词引导。疑问词引导。示示例例：I know(that)you are a student.我我知知道道你你是学生。是学生。Lily wanted to know if her grandma liked the handbag.莉莉想知道她的奶奶是否喜欢这个手提袋。莉莉想知道她的奶奶是否喜欢这个手提袋。要点精析He didn t tell me where he was going.他他没没告告诉诉我我他他想去哪儿。想去哪儿。Can you tell me what he said just now？你你能能告告诉诉我我
5、他刚才说了什么吗？他刚才说了什么吗？2.宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序陈陈述述句句变变为为宾宾语语从从句句时时，要要注注意意人人称称和和时时态态的的变变化化，语语序序不不变变；一一般般疑疑问问句句和和特特殊殊疑疑问问句句变变为为宾宾语语从从句句时时，也要注意人称和时态的变化，后面接陈述句语序。也要注意人称和时态的变化，后面接陈述句语序。示示例例：She said,“I will leave a message on the desk.”她说：她说：“我会在桌上留口信的。我会在桌上留口信的。”She said that she would leave a message on the desk.她
6、说她会在桌上留口信的。她说她会在桌上留口信的。“Where are the tickets？”I asked him.我我问问他他：“票在哪儿？票在哪儿？”I asked him where the tickets were.我问他票在哪儿。我问他票在哪儿。3.宾语从句的时态宾语从句的时态如如果果主主句句是是一一般般现现在在时时、一一般般将将来来时时或或祈祈使使句句时时，宾宾语语从从句句的的时时态态不不受受限限制制，可可以以根根据据实实际际表表达达的的需需要要来来确确定定；如如果果主主句句是是过过去去的的某某种种时时态态，宾宾语语从从句句应应与与主主句句保保持持一一致致，用用过过去去的的某某种
7、种时时态态；如如果果宾宾语语从从句句所所叙叙述述的的是是客客观观事事实实、格格言言、科科学学真真理理时时，从从句句时时态态不不受受主主句句限限制，用一般现在时。制，用一般现在时。示示例例：Could you tell me what he said at the meeting？你能告诉我他在会上说了什么吗？你能告诉我他在会上说了什么吗？He will tell us that he has been able to look after himself.他会告诉我们他已经能够照顾他自己。他会告诉我们他已经能够照顾他自己。Tell him when we will finish our wor
8、k.告告诉诉他他我我们们什什么时候完成工作。么时候完成工作。He said that he was born in Wenzhou in 1996.他他说说他他1996年出生于温州。年出生于温州。They said that they had already seen the film.他他们们说说他们已经看过这部电影了。他们已经看过这部电影了。Everyone knew there are 365 days in a year.大大家家都都知道一年有知道一年有365天。天。She said that two heads are better than one.她她说说三三个臭皮匠顶个诸葛亮。
9、个臭皮匠顶个诸葛亮。He said that the sun rises in the east.她她说说太太阳阳从从东东边升起。边升起。4.宾语从句的否定转移宾语从句的否定转移当当主主句句的的主主语语是是第第一一人人称称I或或we，且且谓谓语语动动词词是是think,believe,suppose,expect,imagine等等时时，宾宾语语从从句句的的否否定定式式常常常常转转移移到到主主句句上上，即即“否否定定前前移移”；如如果果主主句句主主语语不不是是I或或we，则则not不不前前移移；这这种种否否定定转转移移的的宾宾语语从从句句变变为为反反意意疑疑问问句句时时，疑疑问问部部分分的的主
10、主语语、谓谓语语要要与与从句保持一致。从句保持一致。示示例例：I don t think he can speak English.我我认认为为他他不会讲英语。不会讲英语。She thinks she can t arrive there on time.她她认认为为她她不能按时到那儿。不能按时到那儿。I don t think he is right,is he？我我认认为为他他不不对对，是是吗？吗？5.宾语从句的简化宾语从句的简化当当宾宾语语从从句句的的主主语语和和主主句句的的主主语语相相同同，且且谓谓语语动动词词是是hope,wish,decide等等时时，从从句句可可简简化化为为不不定
11、定式式结结构构；当当宾宾语语从从句句的的主主语语和和主主句句的的主主语语相相同同，且且谓谓语语动动词词是是know,remember,forget,learn等等时时，从从句句可可简简化化为为“疑疑问问词词不不定定式式”结结构构；当当宾宾语语从从句句的的主主语语和和主主句句的的间间接接宾宾语语一一致致，且且主主句句的的谓谓语语动动词词是是ask,tell,show,teach等等时时，从从句句可可简简化化为为不不定定式式结结构构或或“疑疑问问词词不不定定式式”结结构。构。示示例例：I hope that I can see you again.I hope to see you again.我
12、希望能再次见到你。我希望能再次见到你。I don t know what I should say.I don t know what to say.我不知道该说什么。我不知道该说什么。Mr.Hu tells us that we shouldn t draw on the wall.Mr.Hu tells us not to draw on the wall.胡胡老老师师告告诉诉我我们不应该在墙上画画。们不应该在墙上画画。Will you please tell me where I can buy stamps？Will you please tell me where to buy st
13、amps？请请告告诉诉我我在哪儿能买到邮票？在哪儿能买到邮票？特特别别提提醒醒 宾宾语语从从句句的的人人称称要要遵遵循循“一一随随主主、二二随宾、第三人称不更新随宾、第三人称不更新”的原则。如下表：的原则。如下表：直接引语的主语直接引语的主语变为间接引语后变为间接引语后第一人称第一人称与主句的主语一致与主句的主语一致第二人称第二人称与主句的宾语一致与主句的宾语一致第三人称第三人称不变不变返回返回提升演练I.根据句意或所给单词的正确形式填空1.I wonder Jane gets on so well with her classmates.Because she always cares mu
14、ch about others.2.Do you know people eat zongzi in tradition in China,Li Ping?Usually during the Dragon Boat Festival.3.Our geography teacher told us that the earth (go)around the sun.4.I don t think the watch (mend)well in two days.5.I will take back what I (say)6.I wanted to know if he (give)us a
15、talk the next day.答案whywhengoeswill be mendedsaidwould give提升演练7.She said that she (go)fishing last Sunday.8.She told me that they (talk)about a new book at this time yesterday.9.I m sure everything (go)well.10.I hear that Tom (be)here for a week.11.He said that he (finish)his work already.12.They t
16、hought they (can hike)to the top of the mountain.答案wentwere talkinggoeshas beenhad finishedcould hike1.Chris wants to know (是否我们会玩是否我们会玩)“truth or dare(真真心心话话大大冒冒险险游游戏戏)”at your birthday party.Yes.But if he doesn t like it,we ll play guessing games instead.2.Could you tell me (人人们们如如何何庆祝庆祝)the Drago
17、n Boat Festival in China?Sure.People usually watch the dragon boat races and eat zongzi.3.Could you tell me (他他说说了了什什么么)at the meeting?Sorry,I didn t go to the meeting.答案II.根据中文提示完成句子if/whether we will playhow people celebratewhat he said4.Excuse me.Could you tell me (首班公交车首班公交车 什么时候到什么时候到)there?Sur
18、e.5.我想知道明天我们在哪里见面。我想知道明天我们在哪里见面。I wonder meet tomorrow.6.我认为明天不会下雨。我认为明天不会下雨。_ 答案when the first bus arriveswhere we will I don t think it will rain tomorrow.1.I think this is a good idea.(改为否定句改为否定句)I this a good idea.2.I wonder how I can go there.(改为简单句改为简单句)I wonder go there.3.I saw that he was pl
19、aying computer games.(改改为为简简单单句句)I saw computer games.4.Mr.Jiang advised us which we should choose as our afterschool activities.(改为简单句改为简单句)Mr.Jiang advised us which as our afterschool activities.答案III.按改写要求完成句子don tthinkishowtohimplayingto choose5.“Why does Jim send flowers to Ms.Grey every Septem
20、ber？”he wondered.(改为宾语从句改为宾语从句)He wondered why flowers to Ms.Grey every September.6.“Have you finished your homework yet？”Mr.Zhao asked Betty.(改改为宾语从句为宾语从句)Mr.Zhao asked Betty _ homework yet.Jim sentif/whether shehad finishedher 返回答案中中考考主主要要考考查查时时间间、原原因因、条条件件、比比较较、结结果果和和让让步步状状语语从从句句的的基基本本用用法法，尤尤其其应应
21、注注意意当当主主句句为为一一般般将将来来时时时时，时时间间和和条条件件状状语语从从句句用用一一般般现在时。现在时。返回(二)状语从句返回真题体验I.根据句意完成句子1.I was told that my speech was so successful I was the right person to be class president.(2017金华金华)2.I was frightened that I ran fast.(2018宁波宁波)3.I haven t written till now.I ve been busy with the course and making n
22、ew friends I got here.(2017丽水丽水)4.When you are in your school dining hall during lunchtime,you may feel lonely you can find someone to have lunch with.(2018临沂临沂)5.Many people like pandas they are cute.(2018北京北京)答案thatsosinceunlessbecause真题体验6.Can students go online during lessons?They can it is for
23、that lesson.(2018江西江西)7.My grandfather does Chinese Kung Fu every day he is over eighty.(2018郴州郴州)8.Excuse me.Is it my turn now?Not yet.Please wait outside your name is called.(2018恩施恩施)答案ifthough/al thoughuntil1.But during a recent spring,I was working in the garden,my 13yearold son,Josiah noticed
24、me.(2018嘉兴嘉兴)A.so B.ifC.while D.unless答案II.完形填空C2.We made it to the location the other groups did.We all felt very proud of ourselves.(2018 杭州杭州)A.till B.afterC.when D.before 答案D3.he came up to the top of the water,the point of the board was headed toward his eye.(2018绍兴绍兴)A.If B.WhenC.Unless D.Thou
25、gh答案B4.“If I give you work,what pay do you want？”“I can get bread for my family,sir.”he answered.(2018金华金华)A.As long as B.As soon asC.Even if D.Ever sinceD返回答案返回要点精析1.时间状语从句时间状语从句表表示示主主句句动动作作发发生生的的时时间间。引引导导这这种种从从句句的的词词有有连连词词when,before,after,as,while,till,until,since等等；起起连连接接作作用用的的短短语语as soon as等等。在
26、在时时间间状状语语从从句句中中，当当主主句句是是一一般般将将来来时时或或祈祈使使句句表表示示将将来来的的意意义义时时，时时间状语从句用一般现在时。间状语从句用一般现在时。示例：示例：I ll let you know as soon as she comes.她一来，我就会让你知道。她一来，我就会让你知道。Jane didn t go to bed until she finished her homework.简直到完成作业后才睡觉。简直到完成作业后才睡觉。要点精析2.原因状语从句原因状语从句用用来来说说明明原原因因。引引导导这这种种从从句句的的词词有有连连词词because,since,a
27、s等等。这这三三个个词词的的语语气气由由because到到as逐逐渐渐减减弱弱；because 回答回答why提出的问题。提出的问题。示示例例：I won t go with you because I am busy doing my homework now.我我不不会会跟跟你你去去，因因为为现现在在我我正正忙忙着着做作业。做作业。As the weather was fine,we decided to play football.天气很好，我们决定去踢足球。天气很好，我们决定去踢足球。3.条件状语从句条件状语从句常常用用连连词词if,unless,as long as等等引引导导。它它
28、们们引引导导的的条条件件状状语语从从句句中中，当当主主句句是是一一般般将将来来时时或或祈祈使使句句表表示示将将来的意义时，时间状语从句用一般现在时表将来。来的意义时，时间状语从句用一般现在时表将来。示示例例：Will you come if he comes here？如如果果他他来来，你会来吗？你会来吗？Let s go for a walk unless you are too tired.如果你不太累，我们去散步吧。如果你不太累，我们去散步吧。4.让步状语从句让步状语从句用用 从从 属属 连连 词词 though,although引引 导导。注注：though/although与与but
29、在句中不能同时出现。在句中不能同时出现。示示例例：We had to go on walking though we were really tired.尽管很累了，但是我们还得继续走。尽管很累了，但是我们还得继续走。Although he is not rich,he lives happily.尽尽管管他他不不富富有，但是他生活得很幸福。有，但是他生活得很幸福。5.目的状语从句目的状语从句表表示示主主句句的的动动作作发发生生的的目目的的，这这种种从从句句用用连连词词so that,in order that等等引引导导。so that或或in order that引引导导的的目目的的状状语
30、语从从句句中中常常常常要要用用情情态态动动词词may,might,can,could,will,would或或should等。等。示示例例：Please speak loudly so that everyone can hear you.请大声说，以便每个人听见你说的话。请大声说，以便每个人听见你说的话。He got up very early this morning in order that he could catch the first bus.为为了了能能赶赶上上第第一一班班公公交交车车，他他早早上起得很早。上起得很早。6.结果状语从句结果状语从句表表示示主主句句的的动动作作所所
31、引引起起的的结结果果，这这种种从从句句由由such.that,so.that,so that等等引引导导。such修修饰饰名名词词；而而so修修饰饰形形容容词词或或副副词词。so.that.句句型型的的否否定定形形式式可可用用简简单句单句too.to.或或not.enough to代替。代替。示示例例：The film isn t so interesting that nobody likes it.这部电影不是那么有趣，没人喜欢它。这部电影不是那么有趣，没人喜欢它。It was such a cold day that nobody wanted to go out.天气那么冷，没人想出去
32、。天气那么冷，没人想出去。返回返回提升演练I.根据句意完成句子1.The man was so happy he ran to draw water.2.Little Jack has learned to do lots of things on his own,_ he is only four years old.3.What was the party like?Wonderful.It s years I enjoyed myself so much.4.You can t swim in the river it s dangerous.5.I think you should c
33、omplain,，of course,you are happy with the situation.答案that though/althoughsincebecauseunless提升演练6.Small sailboats can easily turn over in the water they are not managed carefully.7.Where was your dad at this time last night?He was talking with my uncle I was looking for some information on the Inter
34、net.8.Julie didn t leave her office the police arrived.9.It has been much easier for me to go to work shared bikes appeared.But they also caused plenty of problems.答案ifwhileuntilsince10.Excuse me,can you tell me the way to the nearest underground station?Walk straight on you see a white building.It
35、s right there.答案until1.如果你足够细心，就不会犯简单的错误。如果你足够细心，就不会犯简单的错误。You won t any simple mistakes you careful enough.2.不论发生任何事，我都不会改变心意。不论发生任何事，我都不会改变心意。happens,I won t change my mind.3.你讲得太快了，我听不懂，能再说一次吗？你讲得太快了，我听不懂，能再说一次吗？You spoke fast I couldn t understand you.Would you say it again?答案II.根据中文提示或改写要求完成句子m
36、akeifareWhateversothat4.今天下午历史考试一结束，我们就去看电影。今天下午历史考试一结束，我们就去看电影。We to the cinema the history test over this afternoon.5.Dave s father went to bed after he came back home last night.(改为同义句改为同义句)Dave s father go to bed he came back home last night.6.Keep working hard,and you will achieve success.(保保持句
37、意不变持句意不变)keep working hard,you will achieve success.返回答案will goas soon asisdidn tuntilIf you中中考考主主要要考考查查由由that,which,who引引导导的的限限制制性性定定语从句。语从句。返回(三)定语从句返回真题体验根据句意完成句子1.Many more people could afford the books were produced on a printing press.(2018杭州杭州)2.The windows and doors of her house come from ol
38、d buildings around her town were pulled down.(2018枣庄枣庄)3.You are talented young adults are full of hope for the future.(2018滨州滨州)which/thatwhich/thatwho真题体验返回答案要点精析返回1.关系代词关系代词(1)当当关关系系代代词词充充当当动动词词的的宾宾语语时时可可省省略略；当当关关系系代代词词充充当当介介词词的的宾宾语语且且介介词词不不在在关关系系代代词词之之前前的的，关关系代词也可省略。系代词也可省略。示示例例：The person(that/
39、who/who/whom)you just spoke to is Mr.Li.刚刚跟你说话的人是李先生。刚刚跟你说话的人是李先生。(2)定语从句中的谓语动词要和先行词保持一致。定语从句中的谓语动词要和先行词保持一致。示示例例：The girl who is standing there is my sister.站在那边的女孩是我的妹妹。站在那边的女孩是我的妹妹。要点精析(3)that指指人人或或物物，在在从从句句中中可可作作主主语语或或宾宾语语，但但不不能放在介词后作介词的宾语。能放在介词后作介词的宾语。示示例例：I love movies that are funny.我我喜喜欢欢滑滑稽
40、稽的的电电影。影。Who is the man that is reading the book over there？在那边看书的男人是谁？在那边看书的男人是谁？(4)who指人，在从句中可作主语或宾语。指人，在从句中可作主语或宾语。示示例例：I love singers who write their own music.我我喜欢自己创作乐曲的歌手。喜欢自己创作乐曲的歌手。(5)whose指人或物，在从句中作定语。指人或物，在从句中作定语。示例：示例：Do you know the girl whose father is a teacher？你认识那位女孩吗？她的父亲是位老师。？你认识那
41、位女孩吗？她的父亲是位老师。(6)which指指物物，在在从从句句中中可可作作主主语语或或谓谓语语动动词词和和介介词词的的宾宾语语，只只能能指指无无生生命命的的物物品品。关关系系代代词词which在在从从句句中中作作介介词词的的宾宾语语时时，可可以以跟跟介介词词一一起起放放在在主主句句和和从从句句之之间间，也也可可以以把把介介词词放放在在从从句句中中有有关关动动词词的的后后面面；但但含含有有介介词词的的短短语语动动词词的的固固定定部部分分不不可可拆拆开开，介介词词仍仍放放在在动动词后面。词后面。示示例例：The story(which)he told me was very interesti
42、ng.他讲的故事很有趣。他讲的故事很有趣。This is the room in which we lived last year.This is the room which we lived in last year.这这是是我我们们去去年年住住的房间。的房间。The babies whom the nurses are looking after are very healthy.护士们照顾着的婴儿们很健康。护士们照顾着的婴儿们很健康。(7)当当先先行行词词是是all,any,few,something,much,little,the one,anything,everything,no
43、thing等等代代词词或或被被它它们们修修饰饰时时；当当先先行行词词被被形形容容词词最最高高级级或或序序数数词词修修饰饰时时；先先行行词中既有人又有物时，只能用词中既有人又有物时，只能用that引导的定语从句。引导的定语从句。示示例例：Is there anything that I can do for you？有有我我可以帮你做的事吗？可以帮你做的事吗？That is one of the most interesting books that are sold in the book store.那那是是书书店店里里卖卖出出去去的的最最有有趣趣的的书书之之一。一。We were deep
44、ly impressed by the teachers and schools that we had visited.我我们们被被我我们们所所参参观观的的学学校校和和老师们深深感动了。老师们深深感动了。(8)当当先先行行词词为为all,any或或其其合合成成词词或或a few，且且指指人人时时；先先行行词词为为that,this,those或或these，且且指指人人时时，只只能用能用who引导的定语从句。引导的定语从句。示示 例例：Anyone who breaks the law will be punished.任何违法的人都会受到惩罚。任何违法的人都会受到惩罚。Those who
45、hadn t bought the tickets for the train crowded in the waiting hall.那那些些还还没没买买着着火火车车票票的的人人拥挤在候车厅里。拥挤在候车厅里。2.关系副词关系副词when表示时间；表示时间；where表示地点；表示地点；why表示原因。表示原因。示示例例：October 1,1949 was the day when the People s Republic of China was founded.1949年年10月月1日日是中华人民共和国成立的日子。是中华人民共和国成立的日子。This is the hotel whe
46、re we stayed last year.这这是是我我们们去年住过的旅馆。去年住过的旅馆。The reason why I m writing is to tell you about a party on Saturday.我我写写信信给给你你的的原原因因是是想想告告诉诉你你关关于于周周六聚会的事。六聚会的事。特特别别提提醒醒 在在复复合合句句中中，修修饰饰某某一一名名词词或或代代词词的的从从句句叫叫作作定定语语从从句句。被被修修饰饰的的名名词词或或代代词词叫叫先先行行词词。关关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中都要充当句子成分。系代词和关系副词在定语从句中都要充当句子成分。返回返回提升演练根
47、据句意完成句子1.Who won the first prize in English speech contest?The prize went to the girl speech was the most natural and fluent.2.Which song do you like better，Maria?I prefer the song Manual of Youth is sung by TFBOYS.3.I will never forget the day we spent in the old town with small houses.4.Being blin
48、d is something most people can t imagine.答案whosethat/whichthat/whichthat提升演练5.To be a better man is the best soap opera I have ever seen.6.You are talented young adults are full of hope for the future.7.The stories were written by Mark Twain are often humorous.8.Nowadays WeChat is very popular among
49、 friends.Yes.It seems to be the best way of communication people like.9.In China,those were born in the Year of Sheep are said to be creative and sensitive.10.We re talking about the piano and the pianist were in the concert we attended last night.答案thatthat/whothat/whichthatwhothat返回句法知识框图色色彩彩斑斑斓斓的
50、的文文化化生生活活文文化化生生活活的的喜喜与与忧忧喜喜忧忧影影响响文文化化市市场场和和大大众众传传媒媒的的发发展展给给文文化化生生活活带带来来许许多多可可喜喜的的变变化化文文化化市市场场的的自自发发性性和和传传媒媒的的商商业业性性引引发发令令人人忧忧虑虑的的现现象象措措施施加强管理，正确引导（政府）加强管理，正确引导（政府）发发展展大大众众文文化化文文化化需需求求的的特特点点：多多层层次次、多多样样化化、多多方方面面含义含义面面向向广广大大人人民民，反反映映人人民民的的利利益益与与呼呼声声，为为人人民民大大众众所所喜喜闻闻乐乐见见的的社社会会主主义义文文化化。温温故故知知新新第第第第一一一一框