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1、有限要素法(Finite Element Method)?把像轮胎的结构物分割成有限个结构物，对分割的要素各自创 建平衡方程式，把这组合到全体要素，对联力方程式求近似解（变位，应力，变形率）的数值解析方法。有限要素法不是绝对的性能预测，而是以相对 Version Ranking工具使用。有限要素法定义第1页/共42页有限要素法定义 Equation of Motion Geometry(Mesh)-.Node -.Element Material Property -.Rubber:E,v -.Cord:E,EPI,Angle Boundary Condition -.-.第2页/共42页 F
2、FBasic Elasticity第3页/共42页有限要素法正式化 Potential Energy:Virtual Work :Final Equation :第4页/共42页1.Tread2.Carcass3.Belt4.Sidewall5.Bead6.Innerliner7.Capply8.Flipper9.ApexComplicated tire geometryPerformance simulation system(KADAS)Powerful computing system(HP Superdome)Complex nonlinear features 轮胎结构说明特征第5页
3、/共42页几何学的非线性-Large Deformationl Small Strain(X)l Lagrangian Strain(O)第6页/共42页材料的非线形性-Material Non-Linearityn Hyperelastic Material Modell Moony-Rivlin Model 系列(O)l Ogden Model 系列第7页/共42页经济条件的非线形性-Contact&Frictionl Contact conditionl Friction conditionhp Friction constraint 0 (slip)Penalty method Con
4、tact constraint h0 p=0 (no pressure)h=0 p0 (contact pressure)Lagrange multiplier methodcr第8页/共42页区域区域S/WH/W用途用途结构设计结构设计CATIA V4 (2)IBM RS/6000 轮胎设计图形处理轮胎设计图形处理 Mold 制作图形处理制作图形处理CATIA V5 (19)IBM Z-ProCADOT(In-house)IBM Z-Pro 统一统一 CAD 结构设计体系结构设计体系结构说明结构说明ABAQUS V6(15)HP Superdome 结构说明结构说明 FEM SolverID
5、EAS V10(6)HP B2600 结构说明结构说明 Pre/Post ProcessingKADAS(In-house)HP L3000 统一统一FEM 结构说明体系结构说明体系流体说明流体说明MSC.Dytran(1)HP Superdome 结构结构+流体说明流体说明 FVM Solver流动说明流动说明Polyflow(2)HP Superdome 橡胶流动说明橡胶流动说明 FEM Solver东力学说明东力学说明MSC.ADAMS(1)IBM M-Pro 动力学说明动力学说明 Solver噪音说明噪音说明SYSNOISE(1)HP B2600 噪音说明噪音说明 BEM Solver
6、KUPAS(In-house)ISM Z-Pro 统一花纹性能预测体系统一花纹性能预测体系CAD/CAE 体系现况第9页/共42页 KADAS是 利用超级电脑，在产品设计阶段 预测轮胎运行性能，即轮胎性能 自动预测系统。KADAS是使用了最短点的数值解析方法，结构解析轮胎耐久力,磨损,牵引力,安全性,乘车感,噪音性能最低化的 技术。KADAS为 Kumho Automated Design Analysis System的缩略语，是缩短开发时 间，减少开发费用,提高产品品质的技术。KADAS 定义第10页/共42页 /Mold/Mold/Simulation KADASKADASKADAS 第
7、11页/共42页KADAS Wear&Traction SimulationNoise&Vibration SimulationDurability&RR SimulationRide&Handling SimulationDesign OptimizationDesign Optimization第12页/共42页 1 23Tire onlySmooth tireStatic analysisTire onlyPattern tireSteady rollingTire+vehiclePattern tireTransient rollingStrain energyFootprint pr
8、essureSpring rateTemperatureForce&momentFrictional energyModal frequencyHydroplaningDurability&RRRide&handlingWear&TractionNoise&vibrationCAD/CAE separationCAE professionalsCAD/CAE interfaceFew engineersCAD/CAE integrationMost engineers 1995 2000()1(Vector)2001 2006()2(SMP)2007 2010()3(Cluster)KADAS
9、 第13页/共42页KADAS Kumho Automated Design Analysis System(KADAS)1.Tire Static Analysis 2.Steady Rolling Analysis 6.Tread Slip Analysis 5.Pattern Tire Analysis 4.Modal Dynamic Analysis 3.Tire Thermal Analysis11.Aircraft Tire Analysis 8.Shape Optimization(ESCOT)7.Explicit Dynamic Analysis 9.Tire Fracture
10、 Analysis10.Tire Uniformity Analysis12.Manufacturing Analysis第14页/共42页 1.Tire Static Analysisn .n Simulation item:Strain energy,Footprint pressure,Spring rate,Cord tension,DimensionTire static analysis modelStrain distribution around tire第15页/共42页q Tire Static Analysis第16页/共42页 2.Tire Thermal Analys
11、isn ,.n Simulation item:Temperature,Rolling resistanceHysterisis LossHysterisis loss of rubberTemperature distribution inside tire第17页/共42页q Tire Thermal Analysis第18页/共42页 3.Tire Steady Rolling Analysisn .n Simulation item:Force&moment,Strain energy,Footprint pressure,Spring rate,Cord tension,Dimens
12、ionLateral ForceVertical ForceInflation PressureTire rolling analysis modelTire deformed shape第19页/共42页q Tire Steady Rolling Analysis第20页/共42页 4.Tire Modal Dynamic Analysisn NVH (Noise,Vibration,and Harshness).n Simulation item:Mode shape,Natural frequency,Frequency responseTire mode shape(2nd mode)
13、Frequency response function(FRF)第21页/共42页q Tire Modal Dynamic Analysis第22页/共42页 5.Pattern Tire Rolling Analysisn /,.n Simulation item:Force&moment,PRAT(Plysteer Residual Aligning Torque)Frictional energy,Footprint pressure(Pattern tire)Vertical loadRotationPressureSlip angleForce&moment(PRAT)predict
14、ionq Pattern Tire Rolling Analysisa2a1Lateral Force(N)Aligning Torque(N-m)RCFPRATLateral forceAligning TorqueSlip angle第23页/共42页q Pattern Tire Analysis第24页/共42页 6.Tread Slip Analysisn .n Simulation item:Force&moment,PRAT,Frictional energy,Footprint pressure(Pattern only)Tread slip analysis model(TRE
15、SA)Frictional energy distribution第25页/共42页q Tread Slip Analysis第26页/共42页 7.Tire Explicit Dynamic Analysisn /NVH .n Simulation item:Cleat impact,Cornering,Standing wave,Dry tractionLongitudinalVerticalCleat impact analysis modelTire force variation during cleat impact 第27页/共42页q Cleat Impact Analysis
16、第28页/共42页 Standing wave ,Critical speed .7.Tire Explicit Dynamic Analysisq Standing Wave Analysis(Critical Speed)Axle force第29页/共42页q Standing Wave Analysis第30页/共42页 ESCOT .ESCOT .ESCOT Excellent&Smart Contour Optimization Theory Escort .8.Tire Shape Optimization Analysis第31页/共42页 .Final Proto ESCOT
17、-1()第32页/共42页 .,.Proto Final ESCOT-2()第33页/共42页Final Proto ,.ESCOT-3 .ESCOT-3()第34页/共42页 9.Tire Fracture Analysisn Global-Local .n Simulation item:Fatigue life in belt edge&carcass edge0Crack sizeTotal mileage Global analysisLocal analysisFatigue life第35页/共42页 10.Tire Uniformity Analysisn ,Uniformit
18、y .n Simulation item:Low speed uniformity(RFV,LFV)InputSolvingOutput0Tire 1RFVForceTire uniformity simulation procedure第36页/共42页q Tire Uniformity Analysis第37页/共42页 11.Aircraft Tire Analysisn .n Simulation item:Inflation,static,steady rolling analysisStrain energy distributionFootprint pressure distr
19、ibution第38页/共42页 12.Tire Manufacturing Analysisn Bladder ,.n Simulation item:Cure bladder shaping,Post cure inflation,Indentation Cure bladder shaping analysisPost cure inflation analysis(Temperature)第39页/共42页q Cure Bladder Shaping Analysis第40页/共42页Wear&Traction SimulationNoise&Vibration SimulationDurability&RR SimulationRide&Handling SimulationOptimum DesignOptimum DesignKADAS 第41页/共42页感谢您的观看！第42页/共42页