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1、中考常考短语总结中考常考短语总结中考常考短语总结中考常考短语总结(一一一一)北京四中北京四中 贾巍贾巍1.as soon as 一一-就就-到家请回电到家请回电.1.as soon as 一一-就就-到家请回电到家请回电.Please call back as soon as you arrive home.1.as soon as 一一-就就-到家请回电到家请回电.Please call back as soon as you arrive home.As soon as 引导的是时间状语从句引导的是时间状语从句,时态上遵循时态上遵循”主主将从现将从现”的用法的用法,主句不是将来时就是祈使句
2、主句不是将来时就是祈使句.他一到北京就来我们家他一到北京就来我们家.1.as soon as 一一-就就-到家请回电到家请回电.Please call back as soon as you arrive home.As soon as 引导的是时间状语从句引导的是时间状语从句,时态上遵循时态上遵循”主主将从现将从现”的用法的用法,主句不是将来时就是祈使句主句不是将来时就是祈使句.他一到北京就来我们家他一到北京就来我们家.He will come to my home as soon as he gets to Beijing.2.as-as/not so-as 像像-一样一样,不像不像-一样
3、一样他像他家里人一样友善他像他家里人一样友善.Mary英语说的像英语母语国家人一样流利英语说的像英语母语国家人一样流利.我的花园不如我的花园不如Jack的大的大.我跑的不如刘翔快我跑的不如刘翔快.2.as-as/not so-as 像像-一样一样,不像不像-一样一样他像他家里人一样友善他像他家里人一样友善.He is as friendly as his family.Mary英语说的像英语母语国家人一样流利英语说的像英语母语国家人一样流利.Mary speaks English as fluently as native speakers.我的花园不如我的花园不如Jack的大的大.My ga
4、rden is not so big as Jacks.我跑的不如刘翔快我跑的不如刘翔快.I cant run as quickly as Liu Xiang.这两个短语中间要放形容词或者这两个短语中间要放形容词或者副词副词的原级的原级.2.as-as/not so-as 像像-一样一样,不像不像-一样一样3.as-as possible 尽可能的尽可能的-我希望我的分数尽可能的高我希望我的分数尽可能的高.他在果园摘了尽可能多的苹果他在果园摘了尽可能多的苹果.3.as-as possible 尽可能的尽可能的-我希望我的分数尽可能的高我希望我的分数尽可能的高.I hope my marks w
5、ould be as high as possible.他在果园摘了他在果园摘了尽可能多的苹果尽可能多的苹果.He picked as many apples as possible in the apple garden.as as 中间还是形容词或者副词的原级中间还是形容词或者副词的原级.4.ask sb.for sth.向向(某人某人)要要(某物某物)我向我妈妈要零花钱我向我妈妈要零花钱.Jane向老师寻求提高英语成绩的建议向老师寻求提高英语成绩的建议.4.ask sb.for sth.向向(某人某人)要要(某物某物)我向我妈妈要零花钱我向我妈妈要零花钱.I asked my mum f
6、or some pocket money.Jane向老师寻求提高英语成绩的建议向老师寻求提高英语成绩的建议.Jane asked her teacher for some advice on how to improve English.5.ask/tell sb.how to do 问问/告诉告诉 怎么做怎么做他问我怎么做作业他问我怎么做作业.我告诉他怎么打扫房间我告诉他怎么打扫房间.5.ask/tell sb.how to do 问问/告诉告诉 怎么做怎么做他问我怎么做作业他问我怎么做作业.He asked me how to do the homework.我告诉他怎么打扫房间我告诉他怎
7、么打扫房间.I told him how to clean the room.6.Ask/tell sb.(not)to do sth.请求告诉某人做请求告诉某人做(不做不做)老师要我把窗户打开老师要我把窗户打开.每个人都告诉我别碰壶每个人都告诉我别碰壶,烫烫!我被告知参加周六的会议我被告知参加周六的会议.6.Ask/tell sb.(not)to do sth.请求告诉某人做请求告诉某人做(不做不做)老师要我把窗户打开老师要我把窗户打开.The teacher asked me to open the window.每个人都告诉我别碰那壶每个人都告诉我别碰那壶,烫烫!Everyone tel
8、ls me not to touch the pot.It is hot!我被告知参加周六的会议我被告知参加周六的会议.I was asked to attend the meeting on Saturday.注意这个短语被动语态的用法.7.Be afraid of sth./doing sth./that-害怕某物害怕某物/做某事做某事 恐怕恐怕-Be afraid of 无论后面跟名词无论后面跟名词,还是动名词还是动名词,是是害怕的意思害怕的意思.我怕狗我怕狗.他怕一个人睡觉他怕一个人睡觉.7.Be afraid of sth./doing sth./that-害怕某物害怕某物/做某事做
9、某事 恐怕恐怕-Be afraid of 无论后面跟名词无论后面跟名词,还是动名词还是动名词,是是害怕的意思害怕的意思.我怕狗我怕狗.I am afraid of dogs.他怕一个人睡觉他怕一个人睡觉.He is afraid of sleeping alone.be afraid that是恐怕的意思是恐怕的意思我恐怕他今天要迟到了我恐怕他今天要迟到了.7.Be afraid of sth./doing sth./that-害怕某物害怕某物/做某事做某事 恐怕恐怕-be afraid that是恐怕的意思是恐怕的意思我恐怕他今天要迟到了我恐怕他今天要迟到了.I am afraid that
10、 he may be late today.7.Be afraid of sth./doing sth./that-害怕某物害怕某物/做某事做某事 恐怕恐怕-8.be busy doing sth.忙于做忙于做-当我到家的时候当我到家的时候,我妈妈正忙着做饭我妈妈正忙着做饭.当妈妈把饭煮好当妈妈把饭煮好,我正忙于功课我正忙于功课.8.be busy doing sth.忙于做忙于做-当我到家的时候当我到家的时候,我妈妈正忙着做饭我妈妈正忙着做饭.When I arrived home,my mum was busy cooking.当妈妈把饭煮好当妈妈把饭煮好,我正忙于功课我正忙于功课.Whe
11、n mum finished cooking,I was busy with my study.如果如果be busy短语后面需要跟名词短语后面需要跟名词,要用介词要用介词with,be busy with sth.9.Be famous/ready/sorry for 因为因为 出名出名/准备好准备好/抱歉抱歉周杰伦因为他的音乐在年轻人中间而著名周杰伦因为他的音乐在年轻人中间而著名.每个家庭都为春节做好的准备每个家庭都为春节做好的准备.我因为冲你嚷嚷道歉我因为冲你嚷嚷道歉.9.Be famous/ready/sorry for 因为因为 出名出名/准备好准备好/抱歉抱歉周杰伦因为他的音乐在年
12、轻人中间而著名周杰伦因为他的音乐在年轻人中间而著名.Jay Chow is famous for his music with young people.每个家庭都为即将到来的春节做好了准备每个家庭都为即将到来的春节做好了准备.Every family is ready for the coming Spring Festival.我因为冲你嚷嚷道歉我因为冲你嚷嚷道歉.I am sorry for shouting to you.For 在这里面表示”因为”9.be late for做做迟到了迟到了他昨天上学迟到了他昨天上学迟到了.9.be late for做做迟到了迟到了他昨天上学迟到了他昨
13、天上学迟到了.He was late for school yesterday.10.be glad that 对对 感到高兴感到高兴(欣慰欣慰)对于每个学生都尽可能努力在学习对于每个学生都尽可能努力在学习,我很欣慰我很欣慰.10.be glad that 对对 感到高兴感到高兴(欣慰欣慰)对于每个学生都尽可能努力在学习对于每个学生都尽可能努力在学习,我很欣慰我很欣慰.I am glad that every student is studying as hard as possible.11.both-and-两个都两个都老师们和学生们都被这个故事所感动老师们和学生们都被这个故事所感动.我们
14、既学英语又学汉语我们既学英语又学汉语.11.both-and-两个都两个都老师们和学生们都被这个故事所感动老师们和学生们都被这个故事所感动.Both teachers and students were touched by the story.我们既学英语又学汉语我们既学英语又学汉语.We learn both English and Chinese.both and 如果做句子的主语,它的谓语动词一定是复数的.12.Either or:或者或者 或者或者-他假期不是去英国玩就是去法国玩他假期不是去英国玩就是去法国玩.咖啡或者茶都可以咖啡或者茶都可以.12.Either or:或者或者 或者
15、或者-他假期不是去英国玩就是去法国玩他假期不是去英国玩就是去法国玩.He will go to either Britain or France on holiday.咖啡或者茶都可以咖啡或者茶都可以.Either coffee or tea is OK.Either or 放在主语位置上的时候,谓语动词保持就近一致的原则.13.enjoy/mind/keep/finish/go on doing sth.以上这些动词是常考的与doing搭配的动词我很喜欢唱歌.你介意我开窗户么?工人们持续工作到深夜.13.enjoy/mind/keep/finish/go on doing sth.以上这些动
16、词是常考的与doing搭配的动词我很喜欢唱歌.I enjoy singing very much.你介意我开窗户么?Do you mind my opening the window?工人们持续工作到深夜.The workers kept working until midnight.除此以外除此以外,后面只跟随后面只跟随doing的动词还有的动词还有:suggest,practice,avoid,etc.14.get+比较级比较级:变得变得-天黑了天黑了.风越来越大风越来越大.14.get+比较级比较级:变得变得-天黑了天黑了.It is getting darker.风越来越大风越来越大.
17、The wind got stronger.15.get on(along)with-:与与-相处相处-他是个好人他是个好人,能和每个人相处愉快能和每个人相处愉快.Mary很自私很自私,几乎和每个人关系都不好几乎和每个人关系都不好.15.get on(along)with-:与与-相处相处-他是个好人他是个好人,能和每个人相处愉快能和每个人相处愉快.He is a nice guy,and he can get on well with everyone.Mary很自私很自私,几乎和每个人关系都不好几乎和每个人关系都不好.Mary is selfish.She can hardly get o
18、n well with every one.16.get ready for/get sth.ready 为为-做好准备做好准备下一站是天安门东下一站是天安门东,请准备下车请准备下车.快回家吧快回家吧,妈妈已经把饭准备好了妈妈已经把饭准备好了!16.get ready for/get sth.ready 为为-做好准备做好准备下一站是天安门东下一站是天安门东,请准备下车请准备下车.The next stop is Tiananmen East,Please get ready for your arrival.快回家吧快回家吧,妈妈已经把饭准备好了妈妈已经把饭准备好了!Go home imme
19、diately.Mum has got the dinner ready.17.give/show/send/pass/bring/lend/tell sb.sth.=give/show/sned/pass/bring/lend/tell sth.to sb 以上这些动词是可以跟双宾语的以上这些动词是可以跟双宾语的,第一宾语是人第一宾语是人,第二宾语是物第二宾语是物请递给我报纸请递给我报纸.你能借我自行车么你能借我自行车么?17.give/show/send/pass/bring/lend/tell sb.sth.=give/show/send/pass/bring/lend/tell sth
20、.to sb 以上这些动词是可以跟双宾语的以上这些动词是可以跟双宾语的,第一宾语是人第一宾语是人,第二宾语是物第二宾语是物请递给我报纸请递给我报纸.Please pass me the news paper.=Please pass the news paper to me.你能借我自行车么你能借我自行车么?Could you lend me your bike?=Could you lend your bike to me?18.buy sb sth.=buy sth.for sb.我要给你买个戒指我要给你买个戒指.18.buy sb sth.=buy sth.for sb.我要给你买个戒指我要给你买个戒指.I will buy you a ring.=I will buy a ring for you.