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1、科研论文的构思、撰写和发表2/20/20231科研论文的构思、撰写和发表1.Why?为什么要撰写和发表论文？2.What?什么是科学研究论文？定义 特点 结构3.How?如何撰写科研论文？2/20/20232科研论文的构思、撰写和发表Why?为什么要撰写和发表科研论文？基础研究的成果以论文形式表现发表论文的质量与数量是衡量科研工作者水平和效率的客观标准Publish or Perish!Publish or Perish!2/20/20233科研论文的构思、撰写和发表Why?为什么要撰写和发表科研论文？研究结果只有发表了，他人才能重复、验证，结果才可能成为知识撰写和发表论文是科研工作的最后一道
2、工序科学研究的目的是发表2/20/20234科研论文的构思、撰写和发表Why?为什么要撰写和发表科研论文？科学研究的关键是可重复性、可被他人验证科研工作者必须提供书面材料让同行知道他做了什么、为什么这样做、怎样做的、发现了什么？科研工作者不仅要“做”研究，而且要“写”研究2/20/20235科研论文的构思、撰写和发表Why?为什么要开设科研论文构思、撰写和发表课程？博士应具有构思、撰写和发表论文的能力研究生院要求博士研究生发表SCI论文研究生及部分导师缺乏科学交流技巧、“写”科学的训练,因此增加了博士论文的工作难度、影响了研究生培养的质量2/20/20236科研论文的构思、撰写和发表课程的目的
3、知道 What is a good paper掌握构思要点、基本撰写方法和技巧提高分析和表达结果的能力避免常见错误提高论文的可读性了解论文的投稿、评阅和发表过程增加论文被高影响力刊物接受的机率2/20/20237科研论文的构思、撰写和发表主要内容创新性选题撰写要点结果的表达投稿和评阅常见错误口头报告实验记录学位论文综述基金申请学术道德2/20/20238科研论文的构思、撰写和发表What?什么是科学论文？公开发表的、描述新研究结果的书面报告；必须按一定的方式撰写和发表首次出版：1.新研究结果的首次公布2.以同行能够重复实验、验证结论的形式发表3.发表在同行很容易得到的刊物上或其它媒介（同行评议
4、杂志）上2/20/20239科研论文的构思、撰写和发表科研论文写作的要求 条理清楚，摆事实、讲道理语言简单、平实、明确、直接容易被理解和接受正确、准确地使用英语 vetral/ventricle;casual/causal用最少、最短的词2/20/202310科研论文的构思、撰写和发表科学论文的基本结构Introduction,Methods,Results,and Discussion(IMRAD)I:What and why?研究什么问题？为什么研究这个问题？M：How?如何研究的？R：What?发现了什么？D：What?发现意味着什么？2/20/202311科研论文的构思、撰写和发表标
5、题 重要性体现创新点包含所有关键词（检索）吸引人用动词、句子2/20/202312科研论文的构思、撰写和发表采用动词（1）Hippocampal long-term potentiation is reduced by chronic opiate treatment and can be restored by re-exposure to opiates.J.NeurosciJ.Neurosci.Heterologous activation of protein kinase C stimulates phosphorylation of d-opioid receptor at ser
6、ine 344 and this results in b-arrestin-and clathrin-mediated receptor internalization.J Biol ChemJ Biol Chem Anti-HIV agent trichosanthin enhances the capabilities of chemokines to stimulate chemotaxis and G protein activation and this is mediated through interaction of trichosanthin and chemokine r
7、eceptor.J Exp MedJ Exp Med2/20/202313科研论文的构思、撰写和发表采用动词（2）Divalent cations and ligands induce conformational changes that are highly divergent among b1 integrins.J J Biol Chem Biol Chem Inhibition of CamK II in rat hippocampus attenuates morphine tolerance and dependence.Mol PharmacolMol Pharmacol.Ch
8、emokine receptor CCR5 functionally couples to inhibitory G proteins and undergoes desensitization.J J Cell BiochemCell Biochem Carboxyl terminus of delta opioid receptor is required for agonist-dependent receptor phosphorylation.Biochem Biochem Biophys Res CommunBiophys Res Commun 2/20/202314科研论文的构思
9、、撰写和发表采用动词（3）N-methyl-D-aspartate attenuates opioid receptor-mediated G protein activation and this process involves protein kinase C.Mol PharmacolMol Pharmacol.Endogenous delta-opioid and ORL1 receptors couple to phosphorylation and activation of p38 MAPK in NG108-15 cells and this is regulated by
10、protein kinase A and protein kinase C.J NeurochemJ Neurochem Activation of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor attenuates acute responsiveness of delta-opioid receptors.Mol PharmacolMol Pharmacol Cholecystokinin-B receptor antagonists attenuate morphine dependence and withdrawal in rats.NeuroreportNeurore
11、port 2/20/202315科研论文的构思、撰写和发表采用词组Identification of G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 phosphorylation sites responsible for agonist-stimulated delta-opioid receptor phosphorylation.Mol PharmacolMol PharmacolDifferential roles of corticotropin-releasing factor receptor subtypes 1 and 2 in opiate wit
12、hdrawal and in relapse to opiate dependence.Identification of a human brain-specific isoform of mammalian STE20-like kinase 3 that is regulated by cAMP-dependent protein kinase.J Biol Chem J Biol Chem Selective interference of b-arrestin 1 with k and d but not m opioid receptor/G protein coupling.J
13、Biol ChemJ Biol Chem.Differential and tissue-spesific expression of mitochondrial elongation factor Tu and Ts during development.Acta Acta BiochBioch Bioph Bioph SinSinDifferential efficacies of k agonists to induce homologous desensitization of k opioid receptor.Neurosci LettNeurosci Lett 2/20/2023
14、16科研论文的构思、撰写和发表采用词组（冒号）Reactivation of morphine conditioned place preference by drug priming:role of environmental cues and sensitization.PsychopharmacologyPsychopharmacology Five-transmembrane domain structure is sufficient for a G protein coupled receptor:Functional five-transmembrane domain chemo
15、kine receptors.Proc Natl Acad Sci USAProc Natl Acad Sci USA.Etorphine inhibits cell growth and induces apoptosis in SK-N-SH cells:involvement of pertussis toxin-sensitive G proteins.Neurosci ResNeurosci Res Retardation of pain development:a case of recovery from congenital insensitivity to pain.Acta
16、 Anaesthesiol Scand Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2/20/202317科研论文的构思、撰写和发表类似的研究（1）Differential regulation of beta-arrestin 1 and beta-arrestin 2 gene expression in rat brain by morphine.NeuroscienceNeuroscienceAcute and chronic morphine treatments and morphine withdrawal differentially regulate GRK2 and G
17、RK5 gene expression in rat brain.NeuropharmacologyNeuropharmacology2/20/202318科研论文的构思、撰写和发表类似的研究（2）Direct and differential interaction of beta-arrestins with the intracellular domains of different opioid receptors.Mol PharmacolMol Pharmacol Direct binding of beta-arrestins to two distinct intracellu
18、lar domains of the delta opioid receptor.J NeurochemJ Neurochem 2/20/202319科研论文的构思、撰写和发表类似的研究（3）Functional expression,activation and desensitization of opioid receptor-like receptor ORL1 in neuroblastoma x glioma NG108-15 hybrid cells.FEBS LettFEBS Lett Endogenous opioid receptor-like receptor in hu
19、man neuroblastoma SK-N-SH cells:activation of inhibitory G-protein and homologous desensitization.NeuroreportNeuroreport2/20/202320科研论文的构思、撰写和发表Not so good(1)Mechanistic studies of the translational elongation cycle in mammalian mitochondria.Biochim Biochim BiophysBiophys ActaActa Molecular characte
20、rization and functional expression of opioid receptor-like receptor.Cell Cell ResRes.Functional expression of opioid receptor-like receptor and its endogenous specific agonist nociceptin/orphanin FQ during embryogenesis.Cell Cell ResRes2/20/202321科研论文的构思、撰写和发表Not so good(2)Identification and charact
21、erization of large,complex forms of chloroplast translational initiation factor 2 from Euglena gracilis.J J Biol Biol ChemChem Immunological characterization of the complex forms of chloroplast translational initiation factor 2 from Euglena gracilis J Biol ChemJ Biol Chem 2/20/202322科研论文的构思、撰写和发表作者和作者单位 作者：设计和执行实验、对论文有重要、创造性贡献的人作者排序：按贡献大小作者对所做的工作负责、通讯作者对全文负责作者单位：作者做论文所描述的研究工作的实验室（不同于作者的单位）2/20/202323科研论文的构思、撰写和发表摘 要 缩写的论文缩写的论文150150250250词词关键的创新点和意义关键的创新点和意义2/20/202324科研论文的构思、撰写和发表