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1、时时态态现在时现在时过去时过去时1 1、时态分类、时态分类2 2、构成、构成-肯定句，否定句，一般疑问句，特殊疑问句肯定句，否定句，一般疑问句，特殊疑问句3 3、用法、用法4 4、时态比较、时态比较 现在进行时和一般现在时现在进行时和一般现在时 英语在用英语在用一般一般进行进行完成完成完成进行完成进行现在现在一般现在时一般现在时现在进行时现在进行时现在完成时现在完成时现在完成进行时现在完成进行时过去过去一般过去时一般过去时过去进行时过去进行时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成进行时过去完成进行时将来将来一般将来时一般将来时将来进行时将来进行时将来完成时将来完成时将来完成进行时将来完成进行时过去将来过
2、去将来过去将来时过去将来时过过去去将将来来进进行时行时过去将来完过去将来完成时成时过去将来完成进过去将来完成进行时行时时式动词的时态动词的时态动词的时态动词的时态一般一般进行进行完成完成完成进行完成进行现在现在 do/doesam/is/are doinghave/has donehave/has been doing过去过去 didwere/was doinghad donehad been doing将来将来will/shall do will be doingwill have donewill have been doing过去将来过去将来 would dowould be doing
3、would have donewould have been doing时式（1）一般现在时）一般现在时基本形式（以do为例）：第三人称单数第三人称单数：does（主语为非第三人称单数）；肯定句肯定句：主语动词原形其他；Heworksforus.否定句否定句：主语dont/doesnt动词原形其他；Hedoesntworkforus.一般疑问句一般疑问句：Do/Does主语动词原形其他。肯定回答：Yes，（主语do/does）否定回答：No，（主语dont/doesnt.）特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句语Doesheworkforus?Yes,hedoes.No,hedoesntWhatdoe
4、shedoforus?Heworksforus.一般现在时一般现在时 用法用法1)describes things that happen on a regular basis,often used with adverbs of frequency 时间状语：时间状语：every,sometimes,at,on Sunday I leave home for school at 7 every morning.He cycles to work every day.2)describes permanent situations The earth moves around the sun.
5、Shanghai lies in the east of China.Water boils at 100 Centigrade.3）describes fixed events in the future The plane takes off at 9:00 tomorrow morning.4)表示格言或警句中。表示格言或警句中。Pride goes before a fall.骄者必败。骄者必败。注注注注意意意意：此此用用法法如如果果出出现现在在宾宾语语从从句句中中，即即使使主主句句是是过过去去时时，从从句句谓谓语语也也要要用用一一般般现在时。现在时。例如：例如：Columbus pr
6、oved that the earth is round.5)现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。I dont want so much.Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well.比较比较比较比较：Now I put the sugar in the cup.I am doing my homework now.第第一一句句用用一一般般现现在在时时，用用于于操操作作演演示示或或指指导导说说明明的的示示范范性性动动作作，表表示示言言行行的的瞬瞬间间动动作作。再再如如：Now watch me,I sw
7、itch on the current and stand back.第第二二句句中中的的now是进行时的标志，表示正在进行的动作的客观状况。是进行时的标志，表示正在进行的动作的客观状况。6）祈使句中）祈使句中（to give directions or instructions)Go down the street,and then take the second turning on the left.（2）一般过去时）一般过去时以work为例：肯be分为was,werev+ed否was/werenotdidnt+v疑was/were+主did+主+V一般过去时一般过去时 用法用法1）在确
8、定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。）在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。时间状语有：时间状语有：yesterday,last week,an hour ago,the other day,in 1982等。等。Where did you go just now?I saw Tom in the street yesterday.I bought this TV set in Beijing last year.2）表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。）表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。When I was a child,I often played footb
9、all in the street.He always went to work by bus.He used to act like that.3）用过去时表示现在，表示语气委婉礼貌。）用过去时表示现在，表示语气委婉礼貌。（1）动词）动词want,hope,wonder,think,intend 等。例如：等。例如：Did you want anything else?I wanted to ask you about that.Did you want to speak to me now?I wondered if you could help me.（2）情态动词）情态动词 could
10、,would，例如：，例如：Could you lend me your bike?4）用在条件句中表示与现在或将来事实不符的虚拟语气。）用在条件句中表示与现在或将来事实不符的虚拟语气。If I were a bird,I would fly to Beijing.If he were here now,we could turn to him for help.used to used to-describe actions which happened regularly in the past but no longer happenused to be-describes past s
11、tates that have changed He used to be a teacher.（）He would be a teacher.（）be/get used to-be/become accustomed to Sometimes the time becomes definite as a result of a question and answer in the present perfect eg.1)-Where have you been?-Ive been to the opera.-Did you enjoy it?2)-I have bought a dicti
12、onary.-Where did you buy it?/When did you buy it?3)-Have you seen my stamps?-Yes.I saw them on your desk a minute ago.主句为过去时态，宾语从句中的运用主句为过去时态，宾语从句中的运用 I didnt know you were here.语境中的语境中的“刚刚，刚刚，在过去在过去”-Come on in,Peter.I want to show you something.-Oh,how nice of you.I never thought you were going to
13、 bring me a gift.Your phone number again?I didnt quite catch it.(3)现在进行时现在进行时主语+be+v.ing现在分词形式(其中v表示动词)表示现在正在进行的动作或最近在做的事。例如：Iambuyingabook.第一人称+am+doing+sth第二人称+are+doing+sth（doing是泛指所有的v-ing形式）第三人称+is+doing+sth例：Heisworking.现在进行时现在进行时 用法用法1.表示现在表示现在(指说话人说话时指说话人说话时)正在发生的事情。例如：正在发生的事情。例如：We are wait
14、ing for you.2.短期内正在进行的动作短期内正在进行的动作(within a temporary period)，说话时动作未必正在进行。例如：说话时动作未必正在进行。例如：Mr.Green is writing another novel.He is now living in Shanghai.(The action is temporary.)cf.He lives in Shanghai.She is learning piano under Mr.Smith.I am feeding the neighbours cat this week while shes in ho
15、spital.I dont really work here；I am just helping out until the new secretary arrives.3.表示渐变的动词有表示渐变的动词有：get,grow,become,turn,run,go,begin等。等。The leaves are turning red.Its getting warmer and warmer.表示当前的动向与趋势表示当前的动向与趋势 Technology is developing rapidly.Playing computer games is becoming more and more
16、 popular with young people.4.表示动作正在进行，但倒装句中用一般现在时表示动作正在进行，但倒装句中用一般现在时 如如：Here comes the bus.=The bus is coming.There goes the bell.=The bell is ringing.5.与与always,constantly,forever 等词连用，表示反等词连用，表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态，往往带有说话人的复发生的动作或持续存在的状态，往往带有说话人的主观色彩。主观色彩。You are always changing your mind.You are alwa
17、ys doing well Hes always asking the same question.6.状态动词的进行时后面接形容词状态动词的进行时后面接形容词brave;careful;stupid;clever;foolish;polite;kind;shy等时，为主语等时，为主语所表现的非一般惯性特点或故意的行为。所表现的非一般惯性特点或故意的行为。eg:1.You are being very clever today.2.He is being polite.3.My son is being a good boy at the moment.7.used to express ar
18、rangements in the future Were spending next winter in Australia.Shes leaving for Shanghai tomorrow.(often with words like arrive,come,go,leave)(4)过去进行时过去进行时主语+was/were+v.ing现在分词形式(其中v表示动词)表示过去正在进行的动作或最近在做的事。例如：Hewasworkingwhenhewasalive.第一,二,三人称单数+was+doing+sth第一,二,三人称复数+were+doing+sth肯定句：主语+was/wer
19、e+doing+其它否定句：主语+was/were+not+doing+其它一般疑问句及答语：Was/Were+主语+doing+其它；答语：Yes,I主语+was/were./No,I主语+wasnt/werent.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+doing+其它过去进行时过去进行时1）概念：表示过去某时正在进行的状态或动作。）概念：表示过去某时正在进行的状态或动作。2）过过去去进进行行时时的的主主要要用用法法是是描描述述一一件件事事发发生生的的背背景景；一一个个长长动动作作发生的时候，另一个短动作发生。发生的时候，另一个短动作发生。3)常常用用的的时时间间状状语语有有：th
20、is morning,the whole morning,all day yesterday,from nine to ten last evening,when,while 例句：例句：My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself.It was raining when they left the station.When I got to the top of the mountain,the sun was shining.She was watching TV while her brother was
21、 listening to the radio.The Whites were having dinner when there was a knock on the door.I was wondering if you could give me a lift.I was helping my mother in the kitchen all day yesterday.She was writing a book last year.But I dont know whether she has finished it.cf.She wrote a book last year.It has sold well.