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1、2021 年苏州市张家港市第二中学高三英语一模试卷及答案 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A Its a tempting habit for them to look at their smartphone rather than make eye contact with someone.There is so much to look at:photographs,social media feeds,messages and emails.No wonde
2、r they are glued to their screens.But is it good for them?There have been many claims about the damage looking at screens does to our eyesight.Some people feared staring at a small bright box could make us short-sighted.This is a particular concern for children and young people,who spend a higher pe
3、rcentage of time using electronic devices.BBC reporter,Rory Jones,says,“There is enough evidence that no matter how long teenagers are spending looking at screens,they come across information about issues such as anorexia and self-harm that could prove damaging to their mental health.”But a new stud
4、y says time in front of computers and phones might not be as bad for young people as many think.Research by the Oxford Internet Institute examined data from more than 17,000 teenagers in theUK,Irelandand theUnited States.Their study concluded that most links between life satisfaction and social medi
5、a use were tiny,accounting for less than 1%of a teenagers wellbeing.Professor Przybylski,director of research,said,“99.75%of a persons life satisfaction has nothing to do with their use of social media.”The research found that family,friends and school life all had a greater impact on wellbeing.So,d
6、oes this mean young people can spend longer looking at social media?TheOxfordresearchers are confident about its findings and that any connection between screen time and mental health is very small.Dr.Max Davie,officer for health improvement at theRoyalCollege,calls the study a“small first step”,but
7、 he says there are other issues to explore,such as screen times interference(干预)with other important activities like sleep,exercise and time with family or friends.Perhaps for now,the“right”amount of screen time is only a matter of personal judgement.1.What is peoples common belief concerning screen
8、 time?A.Looking at screens does harm to young people.B.Screen time provides a chance for teenagers to learn.C.Most teenagers get near-sighted due to looking at screens.D.A small amount of time online does little harm to teenagers.2.What can we learn from the new study by the Oxford Internet Institut
9、e?A.Screen time has a great influence on peoples daily activities.B.The right amount of the screen time is related to its content.C.There is a close link between social media and self-satisfaction.D.Social bonds play a more significant role in peoples wellbeing than social media.3.Where is the passa
10、ge most probably taken from?A.A science fiction.B.A science magazine.C.A research paper.D.An economics book.B When you walk on a sandy beach,it takes more energy than striding down a sidewalk because the weight of your body pushes into the sand.Turns out,the same thing is true for vehicles driving o
11、n roads.The weight of the vehicles creates a very shallow indentation(凹陷)in the pavement(路面)and it makes it such that its continuously driving up a very shallow hill.Jeremy Gregory,a sustainability scientist at M.I.T.and histeam modeled how much energy could be saved and green-house gases avoided by
12、 simply stiffening(硬化)the nations roads and highways.And they found that stiffening 10 percent of the nations roads every year could prevent 440 megatons of carbon dioxide equivalent emissions over the next five decades enough to offset half a percent of projected transportation sector emissions ove
13、r that time period.To put those emissions savings into context that amount is equivalent to how much CO2 youd spare the planet by keeping a billion barrels of oil in the ground or by growing seven billion trees for a decade.The results are in the Transportation Research Record.As for how to stiffen
14、roads?Gregory says you could mix small amounts of synthetic fibers orcarbon nanotubes into paving materials.Or you could pave with cement-based concrete,which is stiffer than asphalt(沥青).This system could also be a way to shave carbon emissions without some of the usual hurdles.Usually,when it comes
15、 to reducing emissions in the transportation sector,youre talking about changing policies related to vehicles and also driver behavior,which involves millions and millions of people as opposed to changing the way we design and maintain our pavements.Thats just on the order of thousands of people who
16、 are working in transportation agencies.And when it comes to retrofitting(翻新)our streets and highways those agencies are where the rubber meets the road.4.Why does the author mention“walk on a sandy beach”in paragraph 1?A.To present a fact.B.To make a contrast.C.To explain a rule.D.To share an exper
17、ience.5.What suggestion does the author give to reduce CO2 emissions?A.Hardening the road.B.Keeping oil in the ground.C.Growing trees for decades.D.Improving the transportation.6.What is the advantage of this suggestion?A.Gaining more support.B.Consuming less money.C.Involving more people.D.Facing f
18、ewer usual obstacles.7.What does the underlined part mean in the last paragraph?A.Those agencies are likely to make more rules.B.Those agencies will change some related policies.C.Those agenciesmight put more rubber tires on the roads.D.Those agencies will play a key role in making this happen.C At
19、the age of 50,Nina Schoen expects to have a long lifeahead of her,but has thought a lot about deathand why people are so reluctant to talk about it:“Its going to happen to all of us,”she says,“but it should be a more positive experience than the fear we put into it.”When she first heard about a new
20、end-of-life process that turns the body into compost(堆肥),“I was really moved by the idea,”says Schoen,who became one of the first to reserve a spot with a Seattle-based company called Recompose,the countys first funeral home to offer human composting.Last year Recompose began transforming bodies to
21、soil,more formally known as natural organic reduction.Before that,end-of-life options in the U.S.were limited to burial or cremation(火化),both of which come with environmental costsU.S.cremations alone dump 1.7 billion pounds of carbon dioxide into theatmosphere every year.Katrina Spade pioneering th
22、e composting movement has spent a decade developing the process in hopes of offering people a greener option for death care.“I wondered,What if we had a choice that helps the planet rather than harms it?”Spade tells PEOPLE.“To know that the last gesture youll make will be gentle and beneficial and i
23、t just feels like the right thing to do.”After she had her own two sons,she began to wonder what she might do with her body after death.A friend who knew her interest in the topic reminded her that farmers sometimes compost the body of cows,and thatsparkedan idea for her theory:“If you can compost a
24、 cow,you can probably compost a human,”she thought,and she set about designing a facility to do just that.“This is about giving people another choice,”Spade says.“At first,people react with shockYou really can do that?But so many people today are looking at their impact on the Earth.This is a popula
25、r thing because when you die,you can give back to the planet.”8.How do people react when it comes to death according to paragraph 1?A.They are unwilling to comment.B.They can face it without fear.C.They feel it a positive experience.D.They would like to compost their bodies.9.What can we know about
26、the company Recompose?A.Its CEO is Katrina Spade.B.It is located in Seattle.C.It was founded to resist cremation.D.It has spent 10 years composting bodies.10.What does the underlined word“sparked”probably mean?A.Changed.B.Compromised.C.Quitted.D.Inspired.11.What message does the author seem to conve
27、y in the text?A.A little things in our life can bring in big outcomes.B.We human beings should do all we can to help the earth.C.Composting is so popular that we should reserve a spot soon.D.We should reject burial because of its harm to environment.D My friend and I went traveling inTasmania,Austra
28、lialast December.We settled in our Airbnb accommodation,a cozy apartment,not long after we arrived inHobart,the capital city.After briefing us on the kitchens facilities and the whereabouts of the bedroom and bathroom,our hostess Geraldine resumed her ironing work,which seemed to have been interrupt
29、ed by our arrival.She was ironing what looked like security guard uniforms,and we soon found out that she worked in a local prison.And when she detected the curiosity in our tones,she offered a tour at the prison in her SUV.My friend and I exchanged a“this is incredible”look and said“yes”immediately
30、.As we drove,she told us about the buildings that we were passing,the local market and how to get to MONA,Tasmanias well-known contemporary art gallery.And of course we got to hear some background information about the prison.According to our hostess,it currently holds Martin Bryant,a notorious crim
31、inal who cheated 35 people out of their property.We could see the high level of security from the layers upon layers of wires surrounding the gray structure inside.Getting to know a city in such a local way is something I would never be able to do by talking to a hotel receptionist,and this is what
32、I like best about the apartment-sharing experience,not to mention the fact that its usually cheaper than hotel rooms.But Im fully aware of the risks of Airbnb,which is why I did my homework before booking onlineI checked the reviews of the accommodation to avoid possible safety problems.That said,it
33、 is the mutual trust between a host and a guest that fascinates methe interesting feeling of building a bond with a total stranger.12.Why did the hostess drive us to the prison?A.She planned to send the uniform to the prison.B.She found our curiosity about the prison.C.She wanted to show off her SUV
34、.D.She needed to offer a tour for us.13.Which of the following can best explain the word“notorious”in Paragraph 5?A.Unfamiliar to everyone.B.Particularly disappointing.C.Well known for being bad.D.Extremely generous to others.14.Compared with hotels,what is the writers favorite of the Airbnb accommo
35、dation?A.It is cheaper in most cases.B.It supplies a better living condition.C.It offers a much safer accommodation.D.It provides a chance to know local culture.15.What does the author think of finding accommodation on Airbnb?A.Disapproving.B.Supportive.C.Neutral.D.Doubtful.第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10
36、分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 Alexander Miles is an African-American inventor who is largely known for his contribution to the elevator industry.He was awarded a US patent in 1887 for his design for the elevator.The design allowed the doors of the elevator to open and close automatical
37、ly when it stopped on a floor._16_ Alexander Miles invention was an improvement on the previous models of the elevator,mainly due to safety concerns.Older models of the elevator would not close automatically before the elevator started to move._17_There were accidents where people would fall out of
38、the elevator and into the shaft(电梯通道)._18_His device worked by attaching a flexible belt to the elevator cage.When the belt bumped against drums that were placed directly above and under the floors,it caused the elevator doors to open and close.The doors were further operated through a series of lev
39、ers and pulleys(滑轮).Sometimes,people might mistake Alexander Miles for inventing the elevator door system._19_The first patentfor elevator doors was given to John W.Meaker.Mr.Meaker was awarded the patent for the creation of the elevator door system in 1874,13 years before Mr.Miles patent.Despite th
40、e confusion,Alexander Miles made a huge contribution to the elevator._20_His patent for automated opening and closing doors is still used by most elevators today.A.Actually,its not the case.B.They are located below and above the doors.C.Before his design,the doors had to be opened by hand.D.This cou
41、ld be dangerous if someone forgot to close the door.E.Modern-day elevator doors are still designed based on his basic principles.F.At this time,Miles was inspired to work on elevator door mechanisms.G.Miles improvement to the elevator was basically a matter of structure.第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 2
42、0 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 完形填空(共 20 小题；每小题 21.5 分，满分 30 分)When I was a young man I had much ego(自负).I though I_21_everything.I looked forward to fame and success.I can even remember once in college_22_telling one of my friends:“If only everyone listened to me,t
43、hen they would all be happy.”I_23_left school,ready to take on the world.Little did I know the world was about to take on me.In the_24_following college,instead of success,I found struggles.I had_25_in finding work.My jobs were either temporary or were_26_badly.When my wife and I had children,we wer
44、e_27_to learn that both of our sons had Autism(自闭症)and would need to be_28_for the rest of their lives.I had no_29_why this had happened to us.In time,however,I began to_30_.My ego was decreasing fast.Instead of success,I found my_31_in moments of love.Playing and_32_with my sons brought me so much
45、happiness.My boys_33_me more about peace,patience,joy and love than I could have ever learned on my own.I began to share the_34_I learned through my writings and my life.I finally realized that my_35_in this world had nothing to do with fame or success._36_,it had everything to do with allowing love
46、 and light into my life and_37_it with everyone I could.You maynot be happy 100%of the time._38_can be in this world.Yet,you will find a joy no earthly(世俗的)_39_could ever give.Put all of your moments,days and years to good use then._40_them with love.22.A.knew B.deserved C.possessed D.confirmed 23.A
47、.calmly B.nicely C.proudly D.eagerly 24.A.frequently B.finally C.suddenly D.smoothly 25.A.days B.months C.weeks D.years 26.A.fun B.regret C.power D.trouble 27.A.done B.paid C.prepared D.judged 28.A.exhausted B.annoyed C.shocked D.embarrassed 29.A.taken charge of B.paid attention to C.put up with D.t
48、aken care of 30.A.idea B.hope C.opinion D.belief 31.A.agree B.change C.struggle D.improve 32.A.job B.joy C.luck D.goal 33.A.laughing B.toying C.swimming D.working 34.A.fetched B.brought C.prepared D.taught 35.A.theories B.contents C.lessons D.truths 36.A.demand B.career C.purpose D.world 37.A.Theref
49、ore B.Again C.Also D.Instead 38.A.sharing B.owning C.admiring D.enjoying 39.A.Somebody B.Nobody C.Everybody D.Anybody 40.A.person B.matter C.success D.experience 41.A.Equip B.Trade C.Live D.Fill 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 Exercise might seem like a chore sometime
50、s,_41._(particular)when we get told so often that we should exercise more.But we need to get up and start moving.Many of us spend too much time_42._(stare)at screens.Most teen girls dont meet the standards for physical activity.Getting_43._(scold)about this,though,doesnt really help.And thats too ba