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1、2021 届上饶县第二中学高三英语下学期期中试卷及答案 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A You have to praise the smoothness（顺畅）of ants on the move.No matter how many of them are going toward a place,theres never a hold-up.A new research paper shows how ants keep traffic flowing
2、 by changing their behavior to meet changing conditions.For their experiments,researchers from the University of Toulouse focused on Argentine ants,animals that often move from colony（群落）to colony depending on where the food is.Making use of Argentine ants talent for fast travel,the researchers buil
3、t bridges connecting their colonies.The bridges were different in width from a fifth to three-quarters of an inch.The colonies,too,were of different sizes,ranging from 400 to more than 25,000 ants.Then the researchers sat back andmonitoredthe traffic.To their surprise,even when those narrower bridge
4、s were full of ants,there were no traffic accidents.When the number of ants on the bridge increased,ants seemed to be able to understand the situation and adjusted（调整）their speed accordingly to avoid making the traffic flow stop.the authors note.Moreover,ants avoided entering a busy road and made su
5、re that the bridge was never too packed to cross.”The lesson for humans?The traffic problem may lie in our inability to adjust our driving habits for the good of the whole.Driving is fun when there are few cars on the road.Then the traffic moves very slowly.And yet,some impatient driver still acts l
6、ike hes alone on the road.The research suggests that projects,like the ever-widening of highways,may never free us from traffic jams.As long as we drive along with our own habits,no matter how many other people are on the road,well always end up in a traffic jam.Indeed,less space may actually be a g
7、ood thing.It leaves less room for individual choice and forces us to take a page from the driving book of ants.1.What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?A.The results of the experiments.B.The purpose of the experiments C.The preparation of the experiments.D.The requirements of the experiments 2.What does t
8、he underlined word monitor in paragraph 3 probably mean?A.watch and check.B.seek and improve C.design and plan D.discuss and practise 3.What is the best title for the text?A.Is widening highways a solution?B.Why dont ants need traffic lights?C.Can we learn safe driving from ants?D.What can ants teac
9、h us about traffic jams?B Teens who have good,supportive relationships with their teachers enjoy better healthas adults,according to research published by an American research center.“This research suggests that improving students relationships with teachers could have positive and long-lasting effe
10、cts beyond just academic success,said Jinho Kim,a professor atKoreaUniversityand author of the study.Itcould also bring about healthimplicationsin the long run.”Previous research has suggested that teens social relationships might be linked to health outcomes in adulthood.However,it is not clear whe
11、ther the link between teen relationships and lifetime health is causal（因果的）-it could be that other factors,such as different family backgrounds,might contribute to both relationship problems in adolescence and to poor health in adulthood.Also,most research has focused on teens relationships with the
12、ir peers（同龄人）,rather than on their relationships with teachers.To explore those questions further,Kim analyzed data on nearly 20,000 participants from the Add Health study,a national study in theU.S.that followed participants from seventh grade into early adulthood.The participant pool included more
13、 than 3,400 pairs of siblings（兄弟姐妹）.As teens,participants answered questions,like“How often have you had trouble getting along with other students and your teachers?As adults,participants were asked about their physical and mental health.Kim found that participants who had reported better relationsh
14、ips with both their peers and teachers in middle and high school also reported better physical and mental health in their mid-20s.However,when he controlled for family background by looking at pairs of siblings together,only the link between good teacher relationships and adult health remained signi
15、ficant.The results suggest teacher relationships are more important than previously realized and that schools should invest in training teachers on how to build warm and supportive relationships with their students.This is not something that most teachers receive much training in,Kim said,“but it sh
16、ould be.”4.What does the underlined word“implications in Paragraph 2 refer to?A.Recipes.B.Habits.C.Benefits.D.Risks.5.What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?A.Poor health in adolescence.B.Limitations of the previous research.C.Teens relationships with their peers.D.Factors affecting health in adulthood.6.
17、What does Kims research show?A.Good adult health depends on teens good teachers.B.Good family background promises long-term adult health.C.Healthy peer relationships leads to students academic success.D.Positive student-teacher relationship helps students adult health.7.Where does this text probably
18、 come from?A.A health magazine.B.A medical report.C.A term paper.D.A family survey.C In Japan many workers for large corporations have a guarantee of lifetime employment.They will not be laid off during recessions or when the tasks they perform are taken over by robots.To some observers,this is capi
19、talism at its best,because workers are treated as people not things.Others see it as necessarily inefficient and believe it cannot continue if Japan is to remain competitive with foreign corporations more concerned about profits and less concerned about people.Defenders of the system argue that thos
20、e who call it inefficient do not understand how it really works.In the first place not every Japanese worker has the guarantee of a lifetime job.The lifetime employment system includes only“regular employees.”Many employees do not fall into this category,including all women.All businesses have many
21、part time and temporary employees.These workers are hired and laid off during the course of the business cycle just as employees in the United States are.These“irregular workers”make up about 10 percent of the nonagricultural work force.Additionally,Japanese firms maintain some flexibility through t
22、he extensive use of subcontractors.This practice is much more common in Japan than in the United States.The use of both subcontractors and temporary workers has increased markedly in Japan since the 1974-1975 recession.All this leads some people to argue that the Japanese system really is not all th
23、at different from the American system.During recessions Japanese corporations lay off temporary workers and give less business to subcontractors.In the United States,corporations lay off those workers with the least working experience.The difference then is probably less than the term“lifetime emplo
24、yment”suggests,but there still is a difference.And this difference cannot be understood without looking at the values of Japanese society.The relationship between employer and employee cannot be explained in purely contractual terms.Firms hold on to the employees and that employees stay with one fir
25、m.There are also practical reasons for not jumping from job to job.Most retirement benefits come from the employer.Changing jobs means losing these benefits.Also,teamwork is an essential part of Japanese production.Moving to a new firm means adapting to a different team and at least temporarily,lowe
26、r productivity and lower pay.8.According to the passage,a woman in Japan _.A.cannot get a lifetime job B.is impossible to get a part time job C.will be employed for life D.is among the regular workers 9.Which of the following is NOT the reason why Japanese workers stay with one firm?A.They dont want
27、 to lose their retirement benefits.B.They are not adaptable people.C.Any change of jobs will make them less paid.D.They get used to the teamwork.10.It can be inferred from the passage that _.A.those who want to change jobs frequently in Japan should think twice B.those who are first laid off by Amer
28、ican corporations are temporary workers C.the use of subcontractors makes Japanese firms less flexible D.the Japanese system is totally different from the American system 11.What does the passage mainly discuss?A.The extremely hard situation during recessions.B.The extensive use of subcontractors in
29、 Japan.C.The characteristics of corporations in the United States.D.The features of lifetime employment in Japan.D The English language is changing,and you are responsible!Whether we consider changes in grammar,spelling,pronunciation,or the very vocabulary of the language,you have played your part a
30、nd continue to do so.When we first learned basic grammar and spelling,perhaps in elementary school,we might have gotten the impression that these things were sacred.The rules that apply to such things might have been presented as unchanging and unchangeable.While this way might be helpful for teachi
31、ng children,it is far from accurate.The English language,like many others,is a living,growing,ever-evolving thing.Like it or not,you are involved in this change.These changes take many forms.Grammar and spelling have changed greatly over the years and centuries,with the spelling differences in diffe
32、rent countries today a reflection of this.While the language of a thousand years ago might be called English,most of us would hardly recognize it today as the same language.The first involves changes in the pronunciation of words.Many are familiar with the differences between the British and America
33、n ways of pronouncing certain words.In addition to these differences,the pronunciation of many words has changed over the years because of how you have decided to pronounce them.For example,consider the word err.The traditional pronunciation of this word rhymes with the word her.Older dictionaries s
34、how this to be the primary or only pronunciation.However,in recent years,more and more people have been pronouncing it so that it sounds like air.Another change in the language involves the addition and removal of words.The makers of dictionaries decide which words deserve to be officially adopted a
35、s part of the English language.Through the centuries,many words have come from other languages.In fact,English has probably done this more than any other language in the world,which is why spelling and pronunciation rules for English have so many exceptions.Of course,many slang words have been just
36、short-lived fashions that have died out quickly.Others,though,have been adopted by mainstream society and become respectable,as have many technical terms.So then remember,the next time you repeat the newest expression to hit the street,or make up your own words,you may be contributing to the future
37、of the English language.12.When we begin to learn English,we think _.A.it is interesting to pick up a new language B.English rules are wrongly presented in fact C.grammar and spelling rules are unchangeable D.only adults have the ability to affect a language 13.From paragraph 3 we can know that_.A.w
38、e can change the English language B.many languages are changing over years C.English has changed little in the past 1,000 years D.there were main changes in grammar and pronunciation 14.Why is the pronunciation of words changing?A.people speak in different ways B.people have adopted foreign words C.
39、it has been affected by American English D.makers of dictionaries often change them 15.Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A.Foreign words involved in English.B.The British speaks differently from Americans.C.English language is changing over years.D.You can change the English l
40、anguage.第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 The Types to Live Below Your Full Potential Human potential is unlimited,but unfortunately,many do not use their true potential._16_Here are some types to live below your true potential.Let yourself be affected by minor iss
41、ues Sometimes we may be affected by small issues._17_One way to check if something is worth thinking over is to ask yourself this question:“Will this matter in one years time？”If not,then its probably not worth your energy to think about these things,Focus on things that do matter in the long run in
42、stead.Blame others for your difficulty.Is there anything youre blaming others for in your life？_18_For example,if youblame your parents for your obesity,youll continue to remain obese because in your mind they are the reason why youre obese.Youll never have the power to change the situation un-til y
43、ou take responsibility for it.Try to do everything by yourself.Are you someone who likes to do everything yourself？So do I,but over the years Ive re-alized that this prevents me from achieving more._19_Start by removing the less important tasks and doing the more important ones,and youll notice a bi
44、g difference._20_ Many people set small goals because theyre afraid to fail.Actually what theyre really afraid of is to realize what theyve always had the power to achieve.So set your highest goals today.You should try to achieve them because they are what you deserve.A.Set small goals.B.Believe tha
45、t you can make it.C.You give others power over that part of your life.D.While these emotions are normal,often these issues arent important in the long run.E.Trying to do everything means youre not able to do the higher level,important things.F.Still worse,they waste it by carrying out tasks that are
46、 a poor use of their time and energy.G.In fact,when you blame someone for what youre going through,you refuse responsibility.第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 It was my first day at school.I felt nervous and_21_.I went to all my classes wit
47、h no_22_.It felt like no one cared.I listened_23_to all the lessons and waited for the lunch break at one.Then finally the bell_24_.It was time to talk and have fun.In the lunch line I met a new friend who_25_a hijab（穆斯林女性戴的面纱）on her head,and_26_I am Jewish,we got along well,and I was so_27_when she
48、 said,“Sit with us,at our table.She_28_to the table next to the door.So I_29_,and took my tray（托盘）and was about to_30_with her across the floor when suddenly I felt a push,Hey,I saw you on the bus,“said a tall girl in a long skirt,I saw your Jewish star necklace.You should_31_with us.”At that moment
49、 I_32_,and thats when I noticed,to my_33_the nations of the world_34_themselves.Thats what I saw through my own eyes.The Spanish only sat with the Spanish,the Hindus only with Hindus,the Russians always with Russians,and never the Arabs with the Jews.I saw the reason why_35_gets started.Everyone_36_
50、to their own kind.The_37_room was a map of the world.Why was everyone so_38_?And so I turned down this girl,and went with the first,and there was no_39_.I built a bridge between two worlds when I sat with those who were_40_from me.21.A.happy B.scared C.tired D.relaxed 22.A.teachers B.passions C.goal