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1、2021 届余姚市第二中学高三英语期末考试试题及答案解析 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A The Middler by Kirsty Applebaum Eleven-year-old Maggie lives in Fennis Wick,enclosed and protected from the outside world.Her brother Jed is the eldest,a hero.Her younger brother is Trige
2、veryone loves Trig.But Maggies just a middler；she is left behind.In this book,we experience the sadness of being the forgotten middle child,the child with no voice,even in her own family.Dennis in Jurassic Bark by Nigel Auchterlounie Beanotown is in trouble again,and this time the danger is Jurassic
3、!Dennis，latest adventure is filled with fun,including Vikings,Victorians and soon,along with puzzles for you to finish.Can you help Dennis save Beanotown from the prehistoric invasion?Little Book for Big Changes by Karen Ng and Kirsten Liepmann Including more than 100 activities,try-outs,games,puzzl
4、es and tips,Little Book for Big Changesoffers fun and creative ways to bring people together to help change the world.Understand more about big problems in the world such as inequality and climate change,and be empowered to help make the world a better place.The Saga of Erik the Viking by Terry Jone
5、s In this illustrated story,Erik the Viking sets out with his trusty team of men in search of the land where the Sun goes at night.On his journey,he will meet adventures that will put his courage to the test.1.Who told a story about an unseen child in a family?A.Terry Jones.B.Kirsty Applebaum.C.Nige
6、l Auchterlounie.D.Karen Ng and Kirsten Liepmann.2.Which book is proper for kids who love prehistoric-related stories?A.The Middler.B.Little Book for Big Changes.C.Dennis in Jurassic Bark.D.The Saga of Erik the Viking.3.What is special aboutLittle Book for Big Changes!A.It is about two people.B.It is
7、 an adventure book.C.It has picturesinside to help kids read.D.It teaches kids to care for the world.B We use what is known as inner speech,where we talk to ourselves,to evaluate situations and make decisions.Now,a robot has been trained to speak aloud its inner decision-making process,giving us a v
8、iew of how it responds to contradictory demands.Arianna Pipitone and Antonio Chella at the University of Palermo,Italy,programmed a humanoid robot named Pepper,with software that models human cognitive(认知的)processes,which allowed Pepper to retrieve(检索)relevant information from its memory and find th
9、e correct way to act based on human commands,as well as a text to speech processor.It allowed Pepper to voice its decision-making process while completing a task,With inner speech,we can better understand what the robot wants to do and what its plan is,says Chella.The researchers asked Pepper to set
10、 a dinner table according to etiquette(礼仪)rules they had programmed into the robot.Inner speech was either enabled or disabled to see how it affected Peppers ability to do what was instructed.When instructed to place a napkin on a fork with its inner speech enabled,Pepper asked itself what the etiqu
11、ette required and concluded that this request went against the rules it had been given.It then asked the researchers if putting the napkin on the fork was the correct action.When told it was,Pepper said,OK,I prefer to follow your desire,and explained how it was going to place the napkin on the fork.
12、When asked to do the same task with inner speech disabled,Pepper knew this contradicted etiquette rules,so it didnt perform the task or explain why.With the potential for robots to become more common in the future,this type of programming could help the public understand their abilities and limitati
13、ons,says Sarah Sebo at theUniversityofChicago.It maintains peoples trust and enables cooperation and interactions between humans and robots,she says.However,this experiment only used a single human participant,says Sebo.Its unclear how their approach would compare across a wide range of human partic
14、ipants,she says.4.Why does the author mention how people make decisions in the first paragraph?A.To introduce the topic.B.To make comparisons.C.To provide an example.D.To support his argument.5.How did Pepper react to the contradictory instruction with its inner speech enabled?A.It failed to complet
15、e the task.B.It followed the etiquette rules.C.It made a random decision.D.It communicated with the researchers.6.What did Sarah Sebo think of the research?A.It was creative but worthless.B.It was a good try but the result was a failure.C.It was inspiring but needed further evidence.D.It was careful
16、ly designed but poorly performed.7.Which of the following is the best title for the text?A.Robot Taught To Be Polite B.Robot Can Explain Its Decision C.Robot Making Decisions:No Longer A Dream D.Robot-Human Communication:No Longer A Problem C Scientists often compare coral reefs(珊瑚礁)to underwater ra
17、inforests,yet unlike the leafy plant base of a forest,corals are animals.The soft creatures are naturally half-transparent and get their brilliant color1 from algae(藻类)living inside them.When corals experience stress from hot temperatures or pollution,theyhaltthe interdependent relationship with alg
18、ae,typically pushing them out and turning white.Corals are still alive when they are white,but theyre at risk and many eventually die,turning dark brown.Scientists around the world are looking for means to protect and maybe increase corals.One common option is to create more protected areas essentia
19、lly national parks in the ocean.Beyond nature preserves,some conservationists are looking to more hands-on methods.One research center in the Florida Keys is exploring a form of natural selection to keep corals remaining.The reef system in the Keys has been hit hard by climate change and pollution,w
20、hich is especially tough,because corals there help support fisheries worth$100 million every year.To keep the wild ecosystem alive,Erinn Muller,the centers director,and her team are harvesting samples of the corals that survived the environmental stress naturally,keeping them to make them reproduce,
21、and then reattaching them to the reef.They have 46,000 corals on plastic frames under the sea.So far,the center has regrown over 70,000 corals from five different species on damaged reefs.In The Bahamas,Ross Cunning,a research biologist at Chicagos Shedd Aquarium,focuses on corals with genes that co
22、uld make them natural candidates for restoration projects.He published a study of two Bahamian reefs,one that survived an extreme 2015 heat wave,and one that didnt.We think their ability to deal with these higher temperatures is built into their genes,says Cunning.Theres evidence of corals evolving
23、more quickly to resist rapidly warming climate.The big question scientists need investigate,adds Gunning,is how much more heat corals can adapt to.8.What does the underlined word halt in the first paragraph mean?A.End.B.Develop.C.Strengthen.D.Weaken.9.What do Muller and her team do to save corals?A.
24、Restore the damaged reefs.B.Grow corals by hand underwater.C.Create more protected areas.D.Move corals to unpolluted areas.10.What do Gunnings words suggest?A.Many corals have been genetically improved.B.Cooling down the waters is key to rescuing corals.C.Reasons for corals surviving heat waves are
25、shocking.D.The highest temperature corals can survive is unclear.11.Which can be a suitable title for the text?A.Relationship between corals and algae B.Efforts made to save corals C.Impact of climate warming on corals D.Survival crisis faced by coral reefs D Some of my earliest memories involve sit
26、ting with my dad in his study every evening when he came home from the office.Id watch as he put his personal items away:his watch,wallet,comb and car keys would always occupy the same spot on the table every time.Dads comb was bought when he married Mum.Every evening,he would smile,hand me the comb
27、 and say:“Be a good girl and help Daddy clean it,OK?”I was more than happy to do it.This seems amundanetask,but it brought me such joy at that time.I would excitedly turn the tap on,then brush the comb with a used toothbrush as hard as I could.Satisfied that Id done a good job,I would proudly return
28、 the comb to Dad.He would smile at me,and place the comb on top of his wallet.About two years later,Dad started his own business.I started primary school.That was when things started to change.Dads business wasnt doing so well,and he didnt come home as much as he used to.Over the years,I stopped wai
29、ting for him to come home.Today,Ive graduated from college and Dads business are better now.Yet the uncomfortable silence between Dad and me continued.Two days before my birthday last year,Dad came home early and said to me,“Hey,would you like to help me clean my comb?”I looked at him a while,then t
30、ook the comb and headed to the sink.Its a new comb.I hadnt noticed that hed changed it.I brushed the comb,and it hit me then:why,as a child,helping my dad clean his comb was such a joy.I passed the clean comb back to Dad.This time,I noticed my day has aged.But his smile is still as heartwarming as b
31、efore.Dad carefully places his comb on top of his wallet.After so many years,I guess some things never change.And for that,Im glad.12.As a child,the author helped her dad clean his comb happily because _.A.she was good at cleaning the comb B.she thought that she should do that as a good girl C.her d
32、ad was home early to spend the evening with her D.the comb was important for her father and her mother 13.Which of the following words can best replace the underlined wordmundanein paragraph two?A.important B.exciting C.unnecessary D.uninteresting 14.When the author said,“Its a new comb.I hadnt noti
33、ced that hed changed it.”,she felt _.A.disappointed B.impatient C.tired D.sorry 15.Whats the best title of the passage?A.Evenings With Dad.B.How to Clean the Comb.C.My Memory with My Dad.D.I Love My Family Members.第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 It can be difficu
34、lt to start a hobby.You may not know where to begin or you may have come across one that requires costly equipment._16_To find a low-cost hobby,pick something that is interestingto you,doesnt require a lot of materials,and is available to you in your area.Begin a collection.Many different collection
35、s can be started with little or no cost._17_Look for rocks,plant leaves and flowers,or insects you can preserve and keep.Another way is to begin to collect an object in your house,such as saving bottle-caps._18_Youtube contains quantities of music you can listen to for free.Besides,you can discover
36、music you like by using online radio stations or services includingPandora and Spotify.By exposing yourself to new music,you can turn music into a relaxing hobby without having to buy albums.Learn a game.Games are similar to sports and often benefit from being shared in the community(团体).Game groups
37、 will often supply board games at no cost to you.In addition,libraries and schools may have video game groups for children and adults.You can also play a wide variety of free online games with people around you._19_ If these things fail to attract you,ask experts about how to begin.Find hobbyists an
38、d ask those who are experienced in your potential hobby for the minimum cost of materials you need to start._20_Youll be surprised that you dont need as much equipment as you imagined.A.Listen to music.B.One way to do this is to go outside.C.Ask yourself what your favorite music is.D.How and where t
39、o find one collection is up to you.E.Use the site to see what groups are in your area.F.The truth is that many hobbies can be started without much money.G.This will help you judge whether or not a hobby fits into your budget.第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四
40、个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 Todd wore the same clothes every day for the first three weeks of school.When the other kids began to_21_that he was wearing the same black pants and gray long-sleeved shirt day after day,Todd became target of_22_.But there was little Todd could do.His mother simply couldnt_23_to
41、buy him new clothes.Two of the_24_teasing him were Garrett and Graham.But over time,they_25_that their disparaging（贬低）words felt like bullying（欺凌）and seemed to be slowly destroying Todds_26_.I felt like I needed to do something,Graham said.So he and Garrett created a(an)_27_secretly.They went home a
42、nd_28_through their own drawers and closets.The next day at school,they met Todd at their third period class and_29_him to come into the hall.Todd was understandably_30_about being called out by the larger boys.He wasnt_31_,and I was like,I think this is going to make you smile,Graham said.I told hi
43、m,Were in the same third period,and I_32_for laughing at you,and I want to give something to you to_33_.He then handed Todd a large and heavy bag.Inside the bag were_34_shirts and shorts,plus a brand-new pair of_35_.Todd was blown away.I was very happy and completely_36_.And Todd got much more than
44、a new wardrobe.He no longer sits_37_at lunch.Now he eats with his two new friends.Ive been bullied in my entire life,Todd said._38_the day Garrett and Graham called him into the hall,he_39_,It was the best day of my entire life,_40_.21.A.sympathize B.notice C.insist D.announce 22.A.adoration B.compl
45、aint C.assistance D.laughter 23.A.refuse B.wait C.afford D.swear 24.A.kids B.adults C.friends D.teachers 25.A.realized B.argued C.assumed D.predicted 26.A.virtue B.spirit C.nature D.quality 27.A.attack B.trap C.opportunity D.plan 28.A.checked B.saw C.hunted D.went 29.A.asked B.commanded C.advised D.
46、begged 30.A.disappointed B.embarrassed C.delighted D.worried 31.A.smiling B.crying C.trembling D.yelling 32.A.hesitate B.switch C.apologize D.compensate 33.A.make up B.show off C.mark D.enjoy 34.A.messy B.clean C.unique D.common 35.A.buttons B.earrings C.sneakers D.glasses 36.A.confused B.panicked C
47、.annoyed D.shocked 37.A.peacefully B.alone C.still D.nervously 38.A.Exposed to B.Lost in C.Living through D.Reflecting on 39.A.whispered B.added C.exploded D.sighed 40.A.normally B.probably C.basically D.ridiculously 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 The information has
48、 to be_41._.Browsing at_42._can be an enjoyable_43._,but it will not be for the_44._of the public.The_45._user must be able to subscribe easily to services that fit his or her needs.An_46._browser that does the searching for relevant information automatically needs to be developed_47._.Content filte
49、rs need to be_48._,and search engines need to be able to target usable information.Even now,the information available_49._in quality from wonderful,to poor,to_50._useless.第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节短文改错（满分 10 分）51.假如英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌的以下作文。文中共有 10 处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。多改或不按格式要求改不得分。增加：
50、在缺词处加一个漏字符号（,）并在其下面写出该词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下面划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。How are you?As a exchange student,Im writing to tell you Id prefer to move into a single room in next term.I find it inconvenient to share a room with other.My roommate often held parties at night,made much noise.Besides,his friends