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1、2021 届东莞市常平中学高三英语期末考试试题及参考答案 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A Mirroring body language is a way to bond and to build understanding,It is a powerful tool that we use without even knowing it.The most obvious forms of mirroring are yawning and smiling.W
2、hen you seesomeone yawn,you are likely to yawn immediately.Smiling is also prettycontagiousseeing a smiling person makes you want to smile too.Mirroring body language is a nonverbal way to say“I am like you,I feel the same”.Research shows that people who experience the same feelings are likely to tr
3、ust,understand and accept each other.Women have the natural ability to pick up and understand body signals.Therefore,it is not surprising that a woman is more likely to mirror another woman than a man is to mirror another man.Thats why women are regarded as better talkers,even if they might not real
4、ly have more close friends.It is interesting that when a man tries to mirror a womans body language while she is talking,he may seem to her as caring,intelligent and attractive.Mirroring body language is an excellent way to build trust and understanding quickly.If you want to set up a connection wit
5、h a new person,mirror his or her gestures,sitting position,tone of voice and talking pace.This will make them feel that there is something about you that they like.While mirroring body language gains you acceptance,you still need to take into consideration your relationship with the person you arc m
6、irroring.If you are in a lower social position and are mirroring the body language of your boss,he will view you as arrogant.However,if you want to defeat those who are trying to prove superior to you,mirroring their body language will help defeat them and change their position.1.What does the under
7、lined word“contagious”in paragraph 2 mean?A.Powerful to show ones feelings.B.Affecting each other.C.Attractive to the others.D.Being gentle to people around.2.When copying others,body language,one usually can _.A.send wrong messages B.hide true feelings C.avoid misunderstanding D.win others,acceptan
8、ce 3.What might happen if you try to mirror your bosss body language?A.You will appear very attractive.B.It will help to soften his position.C.You will seem unacceptably proud.D.It willbe a good way to build trust.B When you walk with a backpack,do you know how the things inside move from side to si
9、de?Now scientists havefigured out how to tap into that movement to produce electricity.Picture a pendulum(摆锤)fixed to a backpack frame and stabilized with springs on either side.The packs weight is attached to the pendulum,so the pendulum swings side to side as you walk.Then a machine is driven by t
10、hat swinging movement,and spits out electrical current to charge a battery.Volunteers carried the pack while walking on a running machine and wore masks to measure the flow of O2and CO2.Walking with the slightly swinging 20-pound load,the device(设备)did not significantly affect the volunteers metabol
11、ic(新陈代谢的)rate compared to when they carried the same weight fixed in place.In fact,the energy-harvesting pack reduced the forces of acceleration theyd feel in a regular pack,which might mean greater comfort for a long hike.And the device did produce a steady trickle(涓流)of electricity.If you up the l
12、oad to 45 pounds,the swing of the pack could fully charge a smart phone only after 12 hours.The details are in the journal Royal Society Open Science.The device produces electricity from human movement and has been identified as a workable solution to providing a renewable energy source for portable
13、 electronic devices.It is particularly useful for those who work in remote areas,as these people often carry a lot of weight in a backpack for their exploration.But heres a realconundrum:the energy-harvesting device currently weighs five pounds.The researchers say thats about four pounds too many to
14、 be a smart alternative to batteries.So they hope that more research lets them lighten the load,to ensure the pack charges you up without weighing you down.4.What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about?A.How the device works.B.What the device looks like.C.Who the device is designed for.D.Why scientists
15、designed the device.5.Which of the following describes the device?A.It greatly affected the volunteers metabolic rate.B.It harvested energy as the volunteers walk.C.It failed to produce steady electricity.D.It was useless for a long walk.6.What does the underlined word“conundrum”in the last paragrap
16、h mean?A.Problem.B.Method.C.Bond.D.Decision.7.What will the researchers try to do next?A.Increase the charging speed of their device.B.Find smarter alternatives to batteries.C.Reduce the weight of their device.D.Put their device on the market.C If you ever get the impression that your dog can tell w
17、hether you look delighted or annoyed,you may be onto something.Dogs may indeed be able to distinguish between happy and angry human faces,according to a new study Researchers trained a group of 11 dogs to distinguish between images(图像)of the same person making either a happy or an angry face.During
18、the training stage,each dog was shown only the upper half or the lower half of the persons face.The researchers then tested the dogs ability to distinguish between human facial expressions by showing them the other half of the persons face on images totally different from the ones used in training.T
19、he researchers found that the dogs were able to pick the angry or happy face by touching a picture of it with their noses more often than one would expect by random chance.The study showed the animals had figured out how to apply what they learned about human faces during training to new faces in th
20、e testing stage.We can rule out that the dogs simply distinguish between the pictures based on a simple cue,such as the sight of teeth,said study author Corsin Muller.Instead,our results suggest that the successful dogs realized that a smiling mouth means the same thing as smiling eyes,and the same
21、rule applies to an angry mouth having the same meaning as angry eyes.With our study,we think we can now confidently conclude that at least some dogs can distinguish human facial expressions,Muller toldLive Science.At this point,it is not clear why dogs seem to be equipped with the ability to recogni
22、ze different facial expressions in humans.To us,the most likely explanation appears to be that the basis lies in their living with humans,which gives them a lot of exposure to human facial expressions and this exposure has provided them with many chances to learn to distinguish between them.Muller s
23、aid.8.The new study focused on whether dogs can_.A.distinguish shapes B.make sense of human faces C.feel happy or angry D.communicate with each other 9.What can we learn about the study from paragraph 2?A.Researchers tested the dogs in random order.B.Diverse methods were adopted during training.C.Pi
24、ctures used in the two stages were different D.The dogs were photographed before the lest.10.What is the last paragraph mainly about?A.A suggestion for future studies.B.A possible reason for the study findings.C.A major limitation of the study D.An explanation of the research method.11.In which sect
25、ion is the text most likely to be found in a newspaper?A.Entertainment B.Economy C.Science D.Nature D Understanding the link between a clean environment and human life is not a new concept.In fact,it was noticed as early as ancient Rome.Today we see how green living has infiluenced our everyday live
26、s.There is a growing community of people who embrace a zero waste lifestyle and make changes to the way they live to reduce their carbon footprint.Living a zero waste lifestyle means doing ones best to achieve the aim of not sending anything to a landfill.People who adopt this lifestyle ultimately c
27、ut down on their waste by reducing what they need and want.They reuse what they own,sending few things to be recycled.Many people who adopt the zero waste lifestyle claim to be frustrated by the many harmful chemical substances found in beauty and cleaning products.They also find the uses of disposa
28、ble items and excessive packaging.For example,how many times have we had to peel away layers of plastic wrap and cardboard before finally taking out the item which we had bought?Instead of buying pre-packed food and goods,those who identify with the zero waste philosophy tend to shop in stores that
29、allow them to make purchases and bring their own cloth bags and glass jars to store their purchases.Many people may have the misconception that it is easier to live a zero waste lifestyle in the West.Nevertheless,Malaysian environmental journalist,Ms.Aurora Tin,has proven that a zero waste lifestyle
30、 is possible even in the Asian context.Instead of going to the supermarket to buy pre-packaged foods,Ms.Tin now visits the wet market and brings her own bags for vegetables.She has even stopped using store-bought toothpaste and makes her own toothpaste from coconut oil and baking soda.This lifestyle
31、 may be too big a change for the average person,but we could follow her suit to make gradual changes to our own lives.12.Which of the following is a zero waste lifestyle?A.Bringing a resuable container to take away food.B.Choosing appliances that cost less money.C.Turning off a device to stop using
32、power.D.Classifying the garbage before throwing it away.13.What may disappoint a person who adopts a zero waste lifestyle?A.Recycable carboard.B.Excessive packaging.C.Glass jars to store purchases.D.Natural substances in cleaning products.14.What is the main idea of the last paragraph?A.How do peopl
33、e live a zero waste lifestyle.B.Why Ms.Tin chooses to live a zero waste lifestyle.C.We can also practice a zero waste lifestyle in Asia.D.It is easy to live a zero waste lifestyle in the West.15.What is the best title of the passage?A.Living a zero waste lifestyle.B.Going green ismore than a fashion
34、.C.A zero waste lifetyle is easy to achieve.D.Making environmentally-conscious decisions.第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 Do you like traveling by bike?Even if you are an expert cyclist,deciding to travel by bike on an adventure will demand thorough preparation an
35、d research.Here are some tips for you.Whether you have the best mountain bike under 300 or the best mountain bike under 200,safety is more important._16_Confirm your helmet is all set.If you are planning to ride in the night,have a light fixed on your helmet and on your bike.Make sure its sharp enou
36、gh for other cyclists and drivers to clearly see you._17_This will help you rule out some of the doubts you could be having on safety.If you are planning to travel with your bike,at least,be sure that you know how to change the tire in case of a flat.Also,you have to know how to adjust your brakes a
37、ccordingly.Knowing how to replace a slipped chain is just as important._18_ Most importantly,bring your phone with you,a backup phone battery or portable charger and an ID card.If an accident happens,you might need to contact a friend or family for help._19_Its also important to set aside some money
38、 for an emergency that you can easily access._20_You surely dont wish to get worn out,so pack healthy snacks to keep you energetic all through.Also dont forget to carry enough water in case you feel thirsty.Besides,pack appropriate clothing.It helps to check the weather forecast first to know the ki
39、nd of dress youll need.A.Go over your map carefully.B Take your bike for a long-distance test-ride.C.You need to feel as safe as possible with your bike.D.Push yourself a bit further if you regularly exercise.E.Remember to bring with your appropriate tools for such problems.F.Cycling demands much en
40、ergy especially for a long distance.G.And an identification card will help to identify you just in case.第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 People have been saying great things about my dad_21_.They keep telling me that my dad is a_22_because
41、 of his job.My dad is a surgeon and like many other doctors inChina,he_23_to go toWuhanto care for patients there.But the hospital_24_he works only kept him staying to make sure that local patients are still able to receive regular treatment.So my dad just follows his normal_25_,analyzing patients d
42、iseases and_26_chest operations.With all kinds of compliments toward my dad,I become_27_.My dad has been a doctor long before the_28_of COVID-19,why has no one else praised him as a hero before?Didnt he_29_such compliments when this disease wasnt around?When we talk about heroes,what kind of_30_ofte
43、n jumps into our minds?War leaders who conquered everything that stood_31_?Historic characters who ruled a strong kingdom?Or our dear movie stars:the Avengers?Well,they are indeed heroes,and they made marvelous achievements.However,are the_32_of heroes just prepared for these so-called“supermen”and“
44、superwomen”?I dont think so.Heroes_33_our real lives.They can be seen and they are mortal,just like you and me.Now many streets of Chinese cities are almost_34_;the schools are closed and the shops are shut.But in this world,some things remain_35_.If theres a fire,just call 119,and you know that the
45、 firefighters will be there_36_minutes.If you happen to go out on the road,youll come across police officers waving their flags to direct the traffic._37_,in hospitals,from doctors to nurses,cleaners to security guards,these people still_38_their jobs,doing the same services as they ever did.The rea
46、son why they are still dedicated is not a_39_for compliments,but out of a willingness for their duty.These people,who are or were dedicating themselves to the job,do not need to be_40_as heroes just for now because they are heroes all the time.21.A.latter B.lately C.late D.last 22.A.soldier B.nurse
47、C.guard D.hero 23.A.opposed B.afforded C.considered D.offered 24.A.when B.which C.where D.what 25.A.section B.routine C.trend D.criterion 26.A.performing B.inspecting C.receiving D.allocating 27.A.inspired B.confused C.involved D.moved 28.A.outbreak B.output C.outcome D.breakthrough 29.A.acquire B.d
48、eserve C.attain D.achieve 30.A.image B.memory C.imagination D.description 31.A.across the way B.on the way C.by the way D.in the way 32.A.pages B.genius C.pictures D.admirers 33.A.belong to B.work on C.exist in D.result in 34.A.clear B.crowded C.empty D.narrow 35.A.unexpected B.unchanged C.unbelieva
49、ble D.uncontrollable 36.A.beyond B.for C.over D.within 37.A.Eventually B.Fortunately C.Similarly D.Apparently 38.A.stick to B.show off C.live up to D.count on 39.A.ambition B.capability C.responsibility D.desire 40.A.accepted B.adapted C.praised D.advocated 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填
50、入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 Its not surprising that we feel blue during the winter months.Theres even a recognized form of winter depression-Seasonal Affective Disorder(SAD).Scientists think that many factors may result_41._the problem.Many of us know those_42._have mild cognitive(认知的)problems seem to fun