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1、2021 年衡阳市船山实验中学高三英语期末考试试题及答案解析 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A Amid the coronavirus outbreak,the U.S.Department of Homeland Security recommends having at least a two-week supply of water and food.Potatoes Shelf life：2 to 5 weeks if stored in a cool
2、,dry,dark place Yukon Gold,red,and fingerling potatoes will last from two to three weeks.Larger white potatoes can last for three to five weeks.Sweet potatoes have about the same shelf life.Dont store them next to onions,however.The two might go together well in cooking,but raw,each gives off gases
3、and moisture that might cause the other to spoil faster.Tea Shelf life：6 to 12 months past sell-by date Dried tea leaves,whether loose(in a sealed container)or in teabags(in an unopened box)can easily last a year or more if they re not subjected to damp or humidity.However,the tea does tend to lose
4、flavor over time.Peanuts Shelf life：1 to 2 months Peanuts in their shell,especially when kept cool and dry,are perfectly happy in the cupboard for as long as two months.Canned fruits and vegetables Shelf life：1 to 2 years past sell-by”date Canningis an extremely efficient means of preserving food.Ge
5、nerally speaking,if canned foods arent subjected to extreme heat,their contents should stay good for two years or more.Be aware,however,of dented cans or those with swollen tops,which may indicate the presence of bacteria inside.1.Which can go bad faster if stored with onions?A.Potatoes.B.Tea.C.Pean
6、uts.D.Canned fruits and vegetables.2.What is special about tea?A.The flavor of tea can always remain the same.B.Tea leaves are better to be preserved in an open jar.C.Tea leaves should be kept away from the state of being wet.D.The maximum length of time that tea can be stored is 6 months.3.What may
7、 shorten the sell-by”date of canned foods?A.Shapes of cans.B.Categories of foods.C.Decline of the temperature.D.Exposure to high temperature.B Janet Fein,aged 84,received her bachelors degree from the University last week,having waited a long time for her chance to reach that goal.Growing up in the
8、Bronx area ofNew York City,Fein worked at a dress manufacturer after graduating early at the age of 16.After getting married,she spent 18 years staying home with her children.She held several jobs through her life,including 20 years as a secretary at a hospital until her retirement at age 77.Fein ha
9、s had a full life.But even then,she was not ready to take it easy and rest during a well-earned retirement.She decided to major in sociology because she felt it was“substantial.”Fein took part in a state program that lets people who are 65 and older take free classes at public universities in Texasa
10、nd kept going to class even as her health conditions worsened.During her studies,it became necessary for her to use a walker to get around and she required oxygen.She also developed knee problems.So,Fein took online classes to finish the last part of her degree requirements.Sheila Rollerson,Fein sco
11、llege advisor,and Carol,the professor told the media that Fein never showed signs of giving up even with all of her difficulties.She would speak up a lot in class and it just made for a more interesting class.Fein has also inspired Renee Brown,one of Feins caregivers.At 53,Renee plans to begin nursi
12、ng school to further her career.“Renee,you can do it.If I can do it you can do it,and you will feel so good about it,”Brown remembers what Fein told her.4.What is the second paragraph mainly about?A.Janet Feins growth B.Janet Feins aim C.Janet Feins job experiences D.Janet Feins regrets 5.What does
13、the underlined phrase“substantial”in paragraph 3 refer to?A.Interesting B.Valuable C.Easy D.Affordable 6.What can be learned about Fein according to the passage?A.Fein lived on little money after her retirement.B.Fein had a problem with her arms while at universities.C.The Internet played a role in
14、Feins university education.D.The good health helped Fein get her bachelors degree.7.What is Janet Fein like according to the passage?A.Hardworking and humorous.B.Determined and generous.C.Positive and patient.D.Inspiring and perseverant.C I dont want to talk about being a woman scientistagain.There
15、was a time in my life when people asked constantly for stories about what its like to work in a field dominated(controlled)by men.I was never very good at telling those stories because truthfully I never found them interesting.What I do find interesting is the origin of the universe,the shape of spa
16、ce,time and the nature of black holes.At 19,when I began studying astrophysics(天体物理学),it did not bother me in the least to be the only woman in the classroom.But while earning my Ph.D.at MIT and then as a post-doctor doing space research,the issue started to bother me.My every achievement jobs,resea
17、rch papers,awards was viewed through the lens(镜片)of gender(性别)politics.So were my failures.Sometimes,when I was pushed into an argument on left brain versus(相对于)right brain,or nature versus nurture(培育),I would instantly fight fiercely on my behalf and all womankind.Then one day a few years ago,out o
18、f my mouth came a sentence that would eventually become my reply to any and all provocations(挑衅):I dont talk about that anymore.It took me 10 years to get back the confidence I had at 19 and to realize that I didnt want to deal with gender issues.Why should curing sexism be yet another terrible burd
19、en on every female scientist?After all,I dont study sociology or political theory.Today I research and teach at Barnard,a womens college in New York City.Recently,someone asked me how many of the 45 students in my class were women.You cannot imagine my satisfaction at being able to answer,45.I know
20、some of my students worry how they will manage their scientific research and a desire for children.And I dont dismiss those concerns.Still,I dont tell them“war”stories.Instead,I have given them this:the visual of their physics professor heavily pregnant doing physics experiments.And in turn they hav
21、e given me the image of 45 women driven by a love of science.And thats a sight worth talking about.8.Why doesnt the author want to talk about being a woman scientist again?A.She is fed up with the issue of gender discrimination(歧视).B.She feels unhappy working in male-dominated fields.C.She is not go
22、od at telling stories of the kind.D.She finds space research more important.9.From Paragraph 2,we can infer that people would attribute(把归因于)the authors failures to _.A.the burden she bears in a male-dominated society B.her involvement in gender politics C.her over-confidence as a female astrophysic
23、ist D.the very fact that she is a woman 10.What did the author constantly fight against while doing her Ph.D.and post-doctoral research?A.Lack of confidence in succeeding in space science.B.Unfair accusations from both inside and outside her circle.C.Peoples fixed attitude toward female scientists.D
24、.Widespread misconceptions about nature and nurtured.11.What does the image the author presents to her students suggest?A.Women students neednt have the concerns of her generation.B.Women can balance a career in science and having a family.C.Women have more barriers on their way to academic success.
25、D.Women now have fewer problems pursuing a science career.D British sculptor Jason Taylor has made it his mission to use his talent to conserve our ecosystems by creating underwater museums.Over the years,the environmentalist has put over 850 massive artworks underwater worldwide.On February 1,2021,
26、Taylor launched his latest work The Underwater Museum of Cannes.The main goal was to bring attention to the fact that our oceans need our help,Taylor told Dezeen.Ocean ecology has been destroyed by human activity in the Mediterranean over the past few decades,and it is not obvious what is taking pla
27、ce when observing the sea from afar.The Underwater Museum of Cannes contains 6 sculptures featuring local residents of various ages.They range from Maurice,an 80-year-old fisherman,to Anouk,a 9-year-old student.Towering over 6-feet-tall and weighing 10 tons,the faces are sectioned into two parts,wit
28、h the outer part like a mask.The mask indicates that the worlds oceans appear powerful and unbeatable from the surface but house an ecosystem that is extremely fragile to careless human activities.Though the waters surrounding the sculptures now appear a pristine blue,the seabed was filled with old
29、boat engines,pipes,and other human-made trash when the project began about four years ago.Besides removing the trash,Taylor also restored the areas sea grass.Just one square meter of the sea grass can generate up to 10 liters of oxygen daily.The sea grass also helps prevent coastal erosion and provi
30、des habitats for many ocean creatures.The idea of creating an underwater museum was to draw more people underwater and develop a sense of care and protection,Taylor told Dezeen.If we threw unwanted waste near a forest,there would be a public outcry.But this is happening every day in our surrounding
31、waters and it largely goes unnoticed.12.Why does the outer part ofthe sculptures look like a mask?A.To popularize the features of the locals.B.To remind people to protect themselves.C.To reflect peoples protection of the ocean.D.To stress the sensitiveness of the ecosystem.13.Whats paragraph 4 mainl
32、y about?A.How the project was started.B.How the sea grass was restored.C.What recovery effort the project made.D.Why the surroundings were improved.14.What can we infer from what Jason Taylor said in the last paragraph?A.The situation of the ocean is easily ignored.B.The destruction caused to the oc
33、ean is noticeable.C.Forests play a more important role in ecosystems.D.People have zero tolerance to damage done to nature.15.What might be the best title for the text?A.The Underwater Museum,a long way to go.B.The Underwater Museum,a big difference to the sea.C.The Underwater Museum,an appeal to co
34、nserve ecosystems.D.The Underwater Museum,a masterpiece of Jason Taylor.第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 How we feel about ourselves can influence how we live our lives._16_Theyre more likely to ask for help and support from friends and family when they need it.Pe
35、ople who believe they can accomplish goals and solve problems are more likely to do well in school.Having good self-esteem（自尊心）allows you to accept yourself and live life to the fullest._17_ If you want to improve your self-esteem,here are some steps View mistakes as learning opportunities.Accept th
36、at you will make mistakes because everyone does.Mistakes are part of learning.Try to stop thinking negative thoughts about yourself.If youre used to focusing on your shortcomings,start thinking about positive aspects of yourself that outweigh them._18_ Try new things.Experiment with different activi
37、ties that will help you get in touch with your talents.Then take pride in new skills you develop._19_If you realize that youre unhappy with something about yourself that you can change,then start today.If its something you cant change（like your height）,then start to work toward loving yourself the w
38、ay you are.Take pride in your opinions and ideas.Dont be afraid to voice them._20_Tutor a classmate whos having trouble,help clean up your neighborhood,or volunteer your time in some other way.Feeling like youre making a difference and that your help is valued can do wonders to improve self-esteem.S
39、elf-esteem plays a role in almost everything you do.It takes some work to develop goad self-esteem,but once you do its a skill youll have for life.A.Make a contribution B.Why is self-esteem important?C.How can you increase your self-esteem?D.Aim for accomplishments rather than perfection.E.Recognize
40、 what you can change and what you cant.F.People with good self-esteem have better relationships.G.Each day,write down three things about yourself that make you happy.第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 Tonnie,a 12-year-old boy,was walking alo
41、ne on the street.It was 10 pm.What caused Tonnie to run away from home was that his mom asked him about his low grades in the recent_21_.Tonnie had a careless attitude and didnt_22_in a nice way.She scolded him,but Tonnie quarreled with her without_23_he was at fault.The_24_ended so bad that Tonnie
42、left their_25_in a storm with his eyes filled with tears.He walked for more than two hours,tired and hungry.Suddenly,he was_26_by a sweet smell from a small noodle shop.He realized there was not even a coin in his pocket.With a_27_face,he decided to_28_.However,the shop owner saw him and asked him t
43、o stay for some food.Tonnie explained he had no_29_,but the shop owner smiled and said he wouldnt_30_him for any.He prepared a hot bowl of delicious noodles for Tonnie.Tonnie_31_him from his heart and promised him that he would return his_32_.Tonnie was in tears when he ate the noodles.The shop owne
44、r asked Tonnie what had happened,Tonnie told him about the quarrel with his mother.The shop owner asked Tonnie.Do you feel you_33_me something?Tonnie said,Yes.Of course!This is a great_34_.You know I was very_35_as I ate nothing from the noon!The shop owner smiled,Good my dear!Now think about your m
45、om.She cooked for you.She washed your clothes.She_36_you with all her heart.She was always there for you when you needed her.And she_37_quarreled with you just for your own good.Dont you feel you owe a lot to her?Tonnie realized his_38_.He thanked the shop owner and rushed to his home.He saw his mot
46、her searching for him on the street with tears in her eyes.He felt very_39_and hugged her,begging her_40_.21.A.creation B.exam C.judgment D.questionnaire 22.A.answer B.greet C.complain D.explode 23.A.insisting B.explaining C.forecasting D.understanding 24.A.quarrel B.class C.prayer D.conference 25.A
47、.restaurant B.school C.house D.hotel 26.A.affected B.attracted C.surprised D.terrified 27.A.curious B.neat C.strange D.sad 28.A.quit B.enquire C.order D.stay 29.A.right B.time C.food D.cash 30.A.bring B.find C.ask D.select 31.A.praised B.appreciated C.stimulated D.congratulated 32.A.loss B.friendshi
48、p C.patience D.kindness 33.A.offer B.award C.owe D.pay 34.A.pity B.help C.deal D.problem 35.A.starving B.confused C.contradictory D.content 36.A.took hold of B.kept up with C.took care of D.looked forward to 37.A.almost B.even C.still D.never 38.A.importance B.dream C.transformation D.fault 39.A.reg
49、retful B.embarrassed C.excited D.helpless 40.A.permission B.support C.forgiveness D.apology 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 Directions:After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given
50、 word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.Living a Life Full of Wild Adventures Helen Skelton was brought up on a remote farm,and her family wasnt full of runners and rock climbers.However,she has since travelled the w