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1、矿井液压支架立柱的立式拆装机设计研究,机械工程硕士论文As an important supporting device on the coal mining face, the hydraulic support directly determines the safe production of the mine. The column is an important part ofthe hydraulic support. The main function is to adjust the height of the support and support the coal seam
2、 above the fully mechanized mining face. The quality of columndetermines the reliability of the hydraulic support . The working environment of the fully mechanized mining face is very bad, which will seriously damage the column, affectthe safety and reliability of the hydraulic support and shorten i
3、ts service life. In order to ensure safe production, after the completion of mining of a working face, the column needs to be dismantled and maintained. The column guide sleeve disassembly is a difficult problem in the column disassembly, and the conventional horizontal disassembly column will cause
4、 problems such as guide sleeve thread damage, cylinder damage and seal crushing. A column vertical disassembling and installing machine is designed to facilitate the disassembly and assembly of the column and improve the disassembly and assembly quality and efficiency of the column. Completed the fo
5、llowing research work: (1) The overall structural design was carried out for the functions that the vertical disassembling and installing machine needs to implement. According to the realizationof the various mechanisms of the vertical disassembling and installing machine, the composition, function
6、and key component structure design of each mechanism areintroduced in detail. (2) The hydraulic system is the power system of the vertical disassembling and installing machine, and the hydraulic components are designed and selected. The hydraulic cylinder of the actuator is designed, the actuator hy
7、draulic motor and the hydraulic pump of the power component are calculated and selected, the reliable hydraulic circuit is determined and the corresponding control and auxiliary components are selected, and the hydraulic schematic is finally determined. (3) Static analysis of key components by finit
8、e element method, in order to ensure the rigidity and strength of key components of vertical disassembling and installing machine. The static analysis results show that the stiffness and strength of the rotating disc and the lifting frame meet the requirements, and the ratchet disc meets the require
9、ments after structural improvement. (4) Under the premise of satisfying the rigidity and strength, the finite element method is used to optimize the design of the rotating disc and the lifting frame. According to the results of topology optimization, the rotating disc and the lifting frame are light
10、ly designed, and then the static analysis of the rotating disc and the lifting frame after optimization is carried out. The analysis results show that the rotating disc and the lifting frame not only reduce the quality after being lightweight.saving costs, while also meeting the requirements of stif
11、fness and strength. By designing the vertical disassembling and installing machine, the column guide sleeve can be successfully disassembled, and the guide sleeve can be perfectly disassembled even if it encounters corrosion. The vertical disassembling and installing machine greatly improves the eff
12、iciency and quality of the disassembly and assembly column, and at the same time reduces the labor intensity. Key words: vertical disassembling and installing machine; overall design; hydraulic system design; finite element analysis and optimization。 1、绪论。 1.1、课题来源。 本课题来源于企业项目：液压支架立柱立式拆装机的研发。 1.2、课题
13、研究背景。 我们国家经济发展的主要能源为煤炭，其极大地促进了我们国家的经济发展。煤炭占一次能源生产量的65%和消费总量的67%。因而，煤炭在将来一段时期内仍在我们国家能源构造中处主导地位1-2。然而，我们国家煤炭总储量的53%埋藏在地表下。近来资源和能源的日益紧缺，国民经济和社会发展对矿物资源的需求不断增加，开采地表下的煤炭已成为我们国家发展的重要战略选择，煤矿综合机械化采煤应运而生3-5。当前我们国家大部分使用煤矿综合机械化的方式进行采煤，简称为煤矿综采。煤矿综采能够减少采煤时的劳动力，与此同时增加采煤时的安全性，进而提高采煤的效率、增加煤矿产量，降低能源的消耗。煤矿综采由三个主要装置组成，
14、分别是采煤机、液压支架及刮板输送机6。 采煤机作为煤矿综采的主要装置之一，如以下图1-1中1所示，分别为截割部分、装载部分、行走部分、操控部分和辅助部分组成。采煤机要有高的生产能力，需要有充分的功率来产生充足的动力用于切割坚硬的煤层，并且能够适应地质的变化切割不同硬度的煤层。刮板输送机是煤矿综采中重要的输送装备，由刮板链牵引的输送机，主要用来输送槽内的散料，图1-1中2所示。刮板输送机由机头部分、中间部分和机尾部分构成。刮板输送机在工作运行时，要根据采煤机和液压支架的要求选取其输送工作面。为了知足综采工艺的需求，输送机的工作面一定要沿水平或者垂直方向弯曲，工作面水平弯曲能够简化回采工艺，垂直弯
15、曲能够提高底板不平常工作面的适应性。工作面及输送机踩空区侧要匹配于液压支架。当液压支架的中心距于输送机中部槽的长度不相等时，要根其采煤机的要求选择输送机的相关构造尺寸。选择输送机时其长度要多于综采工作面所需的实际长度。由于输送机的工作环境相当恶劣，所以输送机需要有充足的电机功率和较大的过载能力。液压支架是煤矿综采中重要的保卫安全支护装置，如此图1-1中3所示，由护帮、顶梁、立柱、平衡缸、掩护梁、连杆、底座、推移和抬底等部件构成7-8。液压支架的功能主要是支撑并控制着综采工作面的顶板，安全可靠的隔离采空区，保证地下工作空间的安全，并且能够实现回采工作面和完成有关装置的机械化移动。采煤机、刮板输送机和液压支架三个装置协同工作实现机械化采煤，加强并改良了采煤和运输的效能，减缓矿工的工作强度并最大限度的保障了他们的生命安全。