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1、长春地区农村居民吸烟情况及其影响因素研究,硕士论文目的：为了解 2021 年长春市三县区九台区、农安县、德惠市农村居民吸烟现况及其影响因素，进一步了解以上三县区基层健康教育控烟宣传工作水平。 1、研究方式方法：包括文献分析法及问卷调查法。文献分析法通过对烟草危害、控烟健康教育、Tobacco、Harmfulness of Smoking、Give up Smoking 等本文关键词语进行进行检索，并结合实际情况进行分析；问卷调查法是根据 2021-2021 年国家成人烟草流行监测项目在长春地区的监测点抽样结果，结合工作实际结合样本量估算，在长春市五个农村县区采用方便抽样的方式方法抽取三个县区九
2、台区、农安县及德惠市进行问卷调查，每区抽取调查对象 500 人，三区总计调查对象 1500人即本研究的样本量。 2、统计分析方式方法：对收集整理后得到的问卷使用 EpiDate3.0 进行数据录入，采用 SPSS24.0 统计软件进行描绘叙述性统计与分析，针对不同人群，采用卡方检验进行单因素分析，将单因素分析中的可能与吸烟相关的因素纳入 Logistic 回归分析，并计算各研究因素与研究对象吸烟行为的关联强度 OR 值及其 95%CI。在吸烟人群中进行分类变量的关联性分析，判定有戒烟意愿者能否与参加基层医疗卫生机构的宣传活动有关以及有戒烟打算的研究对象中又有多少人真的将戒烟付诸于行动。 120
3、21 年长春市三县区九台区、农安县、德惠市农村居民吸烟率约为70.7%；男性吸烟率为 80.5%，女性吸烟率为 59.1%。 2Logistic 回归分析显示，被调查对象的性别、年龄、受教育程度、家庭人均年收入、能否经常参加户外体力活动、家里能否允许吸烟、所在基层医疗卫生机构健康教育活动能否包含控烟主题、健康教育宣传资料能否包含控烟内容均构成研究对象吸烟行为的独立影响因素。 3对研究对象中的吸烟人群来讲，参加社区卫生宣传活动与研究对象戒烟意愿之间有关联性P 0.05关联强度 r=0.229，在本次被调查对象的 1060 个吸烟者中，有戒烟意愿的有 431 人，占吸烟人群的 40.7%，在有戒烟
4、意愿者中戒过烟的有 36 人，占有戒烟打算的 8.4%。 12021 年长春市三区县九台区、农安县、德惠市农村居民吸烟率较高，男性吸烟率高于女性吸烟率，被调查地区居民吸烟情况较为严重。 2基层医疗卫生机构健康教育活动不包含控烟主题、健康教育宣传资料上无控烟内容、家里允许吸烟为研究对象吸烟行为的危险因素。年龄的降低、女性、受教育程度相对较高、家庭人均年收入相对较多、少量的户外活动为研究对象吸烟行为的保卫因素。 3对于研究对象中的吸烟人群而言，有戒烟想法者与其参加社区卫生宣传活动之间存在关联性，参加社区卫生宣传活动对其产生戒烟想法有积极作用。 4长春市三区县九台区、农安县、德惠市农村地区基层健康教
5、育工作在控烟宣传力度方面有所欠缺，还需进一步加强，必要时可针对重点人群开展系统的控烟相关知识培训。 本文关键词语：农村居民 吸烟现况 影响因素 健康教育 ABSTRACT Objective:In order to understand the smoking status and influencing factors of ruralresidents in three counties and districts (Jiutai District, Nong an County, Dehui City)of Changchun City in 2021, to further under
6、stand the level of grassroots healtheducation tobacco control publicity in the above three counties. Method: 1.Research methods:Including literature analysis method and questionnairesurvey method. The literature analysis method searches for keywords such as tobaccohazards, tobacco control health edu
7、cation, Tobacco, Harmfulness of Smoking, Giveup Smoking, etc., and analyzes the actual situation; the questionnaire survey methodis based on the 2021-2021 national adult tobacco epidemic monitoring project Thesampling results of the monitoring points in Changchun area, combined with theactual work a
8、nd sample size estimation, were used in the five rural counties ofChangchun City to use convenient sampling method to select three counties (JiutaiDistrict, Nong an County and Dehui City) for questionnaire In each district, 500respondents were selected, and a total of 1,500 respondents in the three
9、districts is thesample size of this study. 2.Statistical analysis method:The data collected from the collected questionnaireswere collected using EpiDate3.0, SPSS24.0 statistical software was used fordescriptive statistics and analysis, and chi-square test was used for univariate analysisfor differe
10、nt populations. Relevant factors were included in the logistic regressionanalysis, and the OR value and 95% CI of the correlation strength between eachresearch factor and the smoking behavior of the research subjects were calculated. Correlation analysis of categorical variables among smokers was co
11、nducted todetermine whether those who wished to quit smoking were involved in the publicityactivities of primary health care institutions and how many of the research subjectswho planned to quit smoking really put smoking cessation into action. Results: 1.In 2021, rural residents in three counties (
12、Jiutai District, Nong an County,Dehui City) of Changchun City accounted for about 70.7% of the total population;male smokers accounted for about 80.5% of the total number of males in this group,females Smokers account for about 59.1% of the total number of women in thisgroup. 2.Logistic regression a
13、nalysis showed that the respondents gender, age,education level, per capita annual household income, whether they often participate inoutdoor physical activities, whether smoking is allowed at home, and whether healtheducation activities in the primary medical and health institutions in which they a
14、reincluded The theme of tobacco control, whether health education publicity materialscontain tobacco control content are all independent factors that influence the smokingbehavior of the study subjects. 3.For the smokers in the research subjects, there was a correlation betweenparticipation in commu
15、nity health promotion activities and the subjects willingness toquit smoking (P 0.05). The correlation strength r = 0.229. Among the 1060 smokersin this survey, There were 431 people who were willing to quit smoking, accountingfor 40.7% of the smoking population, and 36 people who had quit smoking,a
16、ccounting for 8.4% of their intentions to quit smoking. Conclusion: 1. In 2021, the smoking rate of rural residents in three counties (Jiutai District,Nong an County, Dehui City) of Changchun City was about 70.7%; the smoking ratefor men was 80.5% and the smoking rate for women was 59.1%. 2.The heal
17、th education activities of primary medical and health institutions donot include the theme of tobacco control, no content of tobacco control in healtheducation publicity materials, and smoking at home is a risk factor for smokingbehavior of the study subjects. Decrease in age, women, relatively high
18、 educationlevel, relatively high annual household income per capita, and a small amount ofoutdoor activities are the protective factors for smoking behavior of the studysubjects. 3.For the smokers in the study subjects, those who had an idea to quit smokingwere associated with their participation in
19、 community health promotionactivities.Participating in community health promotion activities has a positive effecton their idea of quitting smoking. 4.Primary health education in rural areas of three districts and counties (JiutaiDistrict, Nong an County, and Dehui City) of Changchun City is lacking
20、 in tobaccocontrol publicity and needs to be further strengthened. If necessary, systematictobacco control related to key populations Knowledge training. Key words:Rural residents Smoking status Influence factors Health Education 幅较长,部分内容省略,具体全文见文末附件 第 5 章 结 论 1、2021 年长春市三区县九台区、农安县、德惠市农村居民率较高，男性吸烟率高
21、于女性吸烟率，被调查地区居民吸烟情况较为严重。 2、基层医疗卫生机构健康教育活动不包含控烟主题、健康教育宣传资料上无控烟内容、家里允许吸烟为研究对象吸烟行为的危险因素。年龄的降低、女性、受教育程度相对较高、家庭人均年收入相对较多、少量的户外活动为研究对象吸烟行为的保卫因素。 3、对于研究对象中的吸烟人群而言，有戒烟想法者与其参加社区卫生宣传活动之间存在关联性，参加社区卫生宣传活动对其产生戒烟想法有积极作用。 4、长春市三区县九台区、农安县、德惠市农村地区基层健康教育工作在控烟宣传力度方面有所欠缺，还需进一步加强，必要时可针对重点人群开展系统的控烟相关知识培训。 以下为参考文献 1 Chunme
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