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1、阶段专题复习阶段专题复习Unit21一、一、动词动词不定式不定式【观观察察领领悟悟】仔仔细观细观察例句察例句,体会体会动词动词不定式在句中所作的句子成分。不定式在句中所作的句子成分。1.Idliketohelphomelesspeople.()2.Thegirlcouldvisitthesickkidsinthehospitaltocheerthemup.()3.Mariobelievesitcanhelphimtogethisfuturedreamjob.()4.Itsveryimportanttokeephealthy.()5.Herjobistolookafterthechildren.
2、()答案答案:1.宾语宾语2.状语状语3.宾语补足语宾语补足语4.主语主语5.表语表语2【探究探究总结总结】1.构成。构成。动动词词不不定定式式的的基基本本形形式式是是“to+动动词词原原形形”,有有时时可可以以不不带带to。2.特征。特征。(1)动动词词不不定定式式(或或不不定定式式短短语语)没没有有人人称称和和数数的的变变化化,在在句句子中不能作子中不能作谓语谓语。(2)动动词词不不定定式式仍仍保保留留动动词词的的特特点点,即即可可以以有有自自己己的的宾宾语语和和状状语语。动词动词不定式同它的不定式同它的宾语宾语或状或状语语构成不定式短构成不定式短语语。33.句法作用。句法作用。动动词词不
3、不定定式式具具有有名名词词、形形容容词词和和副副词词的的特特征征,在在句句中中可可以以作主作主语语、表、表语语、宾语宾语、宾语补宾语补足足语语、定、定语语和状和状语语。4.否定形式。否定形式。由由“not+动词动词不定式不定式”构成。构成。5.和疑和疑问词连问词连用。用。动动词词不不定定式式可可以以和和what,which,how,where,when等等疑疑问问词连词连用用,构成不定式短构成不定式短语语。46.省略省略to。有有些些动动词词后后用用作作宾宾语语补补足足语语的的不不定定式式通通常常不不带带to。这这种种动动词词有有两两类类:一一类类是是感感官官动动词词,如如see,hear,w
4、atch,feel,notice等等;另一另一类类是某些使役是某些使役动词动词,如如let,make,have等。等。57.注意事注意事项项。(1)动词动词不定式不定式(或短或短语语)作主作主语语或或宾语时宾语时常用常用it作形式主作形式主语语或形式或形式宾语宾语,而而动词动词不定式不定式(或短或短语语)放置于后面。放置于后面。(2)不定式作定不定式作定语时语时,若若动词为动词为不及物不及物动词动词,则须则须有相有相应应的的_。例如。例如:Hehasnochairtositon.他没有椅子坐。他没有椅子坐。介介词词6(3)将将主主动动语语态态变变为为被被动动语语态态时时,作作宾宾语语补补足足语
5、语的的动动词词不不定定式式变变为为主主语语补补足足语语,动动词词不不定定式式则则不不省省“to”。例例如如:Sometimesthebossmadehimworktenhoursaday.(Sometimeshewasmadetoworktenhoursadaybyhisboss.)有有时时老老板板让让他他一一天天工作十个小工作十个小时时。7【实战实战演演练练】.用所用所给动词给动词的适当形式填空的适当形式填空1.Itsimportantforus(have)ahealthylifestyle.2.Mywishis(become)areporter.3.Dontforget(lock)thed
6、oorwhenyouleave.4.Wouldyoulike(go)andhaveapicnicwithustomorrow?5.Ioftenhearthegirl(play)thepianointhenextroom.答案答案:1.tohave2.tobecome3.tolock4.togo5.play8.单项选择单项选择1.Itistimeforusthemeeting.A.hadB.tohaveC.havingD.have2.Please tell him in the river alone.Itsdangerous.A.toswimB.swimmingC.nottoswimD.ton
7、otswim93.Shecameherehergrandparents.A.visitB.tovisitC.visitingD.visited4.Ineedapieceofpaper.A.towriteB.towriteitC.writeonD.towriteon5.IdontknowtheCDplayer.Couldyouhelpme?Ofcourse.A.howuseB.tousehowC.howtouse D.whattouse10二、短二、短语动词语动词【观观察察领领悟悟】仔仔细观细观察例句察例句,体会并翻体会并翻译译句中短句中短语动词语动词。1.Itakeaftermymother.
8、()2.Illhelptocleanupthecityparks.()3.Wecantputoffmakingaplan.()4.Helookssad.Letscheerhimup.()5.Weneedtocomeupwithsomeideas.()6.Jimmyhasrunoutofmoney.()答答案案:1.与与相相像像2.(把把)打打扫扫干干净净;(把把)收收拾拾整整齐齐3.推迟推迟;拖延拖延4.使振奋使振奋;使变得更高兴使变得更高兴5.想出想出;提出提出6.用完用完;用尽用尽;耗尽耗尽11【探究探究总结总结】1.短短语动词语动词的概念。的概念。英英语语中中有有些些动动词词和和其其他他
9、词词类类一一起起连连用用,构构成成一一个个固固定定词词组组,可可看看成成一一个个整整体体,相相当当于于一一个个单单独独的的动动词词,这这种种组组合合被被称称为为短短语动词语动词。122.五五类类短短语动词语动词的用法。的用法。(1)“_”(相当于及物相当于及物动词动词)常常见见的的有有:lookat(看看);lookfor(寻寻找找);lookafter(照照顾顾);waitfor(等等待待);dependon(依依靠靠);listento(听听);takeafter(与与相相像像);askfor(请请求求;询询问问);agreewith(同同意意)等等。这这种种类类型型的的短短语语后后接接宾
10、宾语语,且且宾宾语语无无论论是是何何种种形形式式,一一律律放放在在介介词词后面。后面。动词动词+介介词词13(2)“_”常常见见的的相相当当于于及及物物动动词词的的这这类类短短语语有有:putup(张张贴贴);callup(打打电电话话);setup(建建立立);fixup(修修理理);cleanup(打打扫扫;清清洁洁);puton(穿穿上上);turnon(打打开开);turnoff(关关掉掉);putoff(推推迟迟;拖拖延延);giveout(分分发发;发发放放);giveaway(捐捐赠赠)等等。这这类类短短语语后后跟跟宾宾语语。宾宾语语若若为为名名词词,则则名名词词常常放放于于短短
11、语语后后面面,也也可可放放在在动动词词与副与副词词中中间间;若若宾语为宾语为代代词词,则则只能放在只能放在动词动词与副与副词词中中间间。动词动词+副副词词14常常见见的的相相当当于于不不及及物物动动词词的的这这类类短短语语有有:getup(起起床床);lookout(当当心心,小小心心);runaway(逃逃跑跑);holdon(稍稍等等;别别挂挂断断);getdown(下来下来)等。等。这类这类短短语语后不跟后不跟宾语宾语。15(3)“_”(相当于及物相当于及物动词动词)常常见见的的这这类类短短语语动动词词有有:lookforwardto(盼盼望望);catchupwith(赶赶上上);co
12、meupto(走走近近);goonwith(继继续续);runoutof(用用光光;耗耗尽尽);lookdownupon(瞧瞧不不起起)等等。这这类类短短语语后后跟跟宾宾语语,且且宾语宾语必必须须放在介放在介词词后。后。动词动词+副副词词+介介词词16(4)“_”(相当于及物相当于及物动词动词)常常见见的的这这类类短短语语有有:takecareof(照照顾顾);payattentionto(注注意意);takepartin(参参加加);makeuseof(利利用用);takenoticeof(注意注意)等。等。这类这类短短语语后跟后跟宾语宾语,宾语宾语放在介放在介词词后。后。动词动词+名名词词
13、+介介词词17(5)“_”常常见见的的这这类类短短语语有有:besimilarto(与与相相像像);bestrictin/with(在在方方面面严严格格/对对严严格格);befamiliarwith(熟熟悉悉);bedifferentfrom(与与不不同同);befullof(装装满满)等等。这这类类短短语语要跟要跟宾语宾语,宾语宾语放在介放在介词词后。后。系系动词动词+形容形容词词+介介词词18【实战实战演演练练】1.Wouldyouliketogohikingwithusthisweekend?Idloveto,butIhavetomygrandmotherinthehospital.A.
14、lookatB.lookforC.lookafterD.takeafter2.Its time for CCTVnews.Could you please_theTV?Sure.Illdoitrightaway.A.turnonB.turnoffC.turnupD.turndown193.Ifyoudontknowthemeaningoftheword,youcan_inthedictionary.A.lookupthemB.lookthemupC.lookupitD.lookitup4.Attention,please!Theplanewillinaminute.Everypassenger
15、,pleasefastenyoursafetybelt.A.takeupB.takeoffC.takeoverD.takedown205.Iamsurethosescientistswillawaytocurethedisease.A.putupB.setupC.comeupwithD.comeup21本本单单元元以以“志志愿愿活活动动”为为话话题题,围围绕绕这这一一话话题题谈谈论论如如何何“提提供供帮帮助助”。而而最最能能全全面面体体现现本本单单元元话话题题及及语语言言运运用用能能力力的的话话题题作作文文就就是是关关于于“提提供供帮帮助助或或谈谈论论参参加加志志愿愿活活动动”等等内内容容的的
16、写写作作。这这也是也是单单元元测试测试和中考常考的和中考常考的话题话题作文之一。作文之一。22【习习作在作在线线】爱爱是是心心中中的的太太阳阳,融融化化你你我我身身边边的的冰冰雪雪。假假设设你你是是李李明明,你你们们学学校校的的“EnglishGarden”正正在在举举办办主主题题为为“付付出出即即收收获获”的的征征文文活活动动,请请你你联联系系自自己己平平时时的的爱爱心心行行为为和和感感受受写写一一篇篇文文章章投稿。投稿。要求要求:1.文中不得出文中不得出现现真真实实人名和校名等相关信息。人名和校名等相关信息。2.80100个个词词,标标题题和和文文章章开开头头已已给给出出,不不计计入入总总
17、词词数。数。参考参考词汇词汇:help,cleanup,anoldpeopleshome,make.happy23GivingIsReceivingIamastudentfromGreenMiddleSchool._24【思路点思路点拨拨】(1)体裁体裁:_。(2)人称人称:_。(3)时态时态:_。说说明文明文第一人称第一人称一般一般现现在在时时25【佳作佳作鉴赏鉴赏】Giving Is ReceivingI am a student from Green Middle School.My name is Li Ming.I like helping others because I thin
18、k it makes me happy.I often help my classmates with their schoolwork.Sometimes I help to clean up city parks.I go to the old peoples home and do some cleaning for them once a month.So Im pretty popular there.I often visit the Childrens Hospital to cheer the sick kids up.I read stories and sing26song
19、s for them.Im good with children.I also give money to charities to help people in trouble.I think giving is receiving.Helping others is helping ourselves.Do you agree with me?27.词汇词汇速速记记1.孤独的孤独的;寂寞的寂寞的(adj.)2.丧丧失能力的；有残疾的失能力的；有残疾的(adj.)3.募集募集;征集征集(v.)4.独自独自;单单独独(adv.)5.想象想象;设设想想(v.)答案答案:1.lonely2.dis
20、abled3.raise4.alone5.imagine286.拿拿;提提;扛扛(v.)_7.feel(v.)_(n.)感感觉觉;感触感触8.satisfy(v.)_(n.)满满足足;满满意意9.difficult(adj.)_(n.)困困难难;难题难题10.kind(adj.)_(n.)仁慈仁慈;善良善良答案答案:6.carry7.feeling8.satisfaction9.difficulty10.kindness29.短短语语互互译译1.打打扫扫(或清除或清除)干干净净up2.分分发发;散散发发 give3.曾曾经经;过过去去to4.赠赠送送;捐捐赠赠give5.(在外貌、性格等方面在
21、外貌、性格等方面)take与与(父母等父母等)相像相像答案答案:eupwith7.makeadifference8.tryout答案答案:6.想出想出7.影响影响;有作用有作用8.参加参加选拔；试用选拔；试用31.句型攻关句型攻关1.我想帮助孩子我想帮助孩子们们。Idhelpkids.你可以看望医院里生病的孩子使他你可以看望医院里生病的孩子使他们们高高兴兴起来。起来。Youthesickkidsinthehospitaland.答案答案:liketo;couldvisit;cheerthemup322.他他们们决定决定设设立救助中心来帮助那些无家可立救助中心来帮助那些无家可归归的人。的人。Th
22、ey decided_ _ _Help Center to helpthehomelesspeople.3.她她计计划在一个划在一个课课外外辅导辅导中心中心义务义务教孩子教孩子们阅读们阅读。Sheplans_atanafter-schoolcentertoteachkids_.答案答案:2.tosetup3.tovolunteer;toread334.我我们们可可以以制制作作一一些些告告示示并并张张贴贴来来告告诉诉人人们们这这次次慈慈善善义义演演活活动动。Wecouldmakesomenoticesand_totellpeopleaboutthecharityshow.答案答案:putthem
23、up34.词汇词汇串串记记After a heavy earthquake happened in Sichuan,manypeoplehurtbadly.Allthe1(志志愿愿者者)wantedtohelpthemoutand2(使使他他们们振振奋奋起起来来).Sothey3(建建立立)manygroups.Whattheydidworkedoutfine.35Ijoinedoneofthegroups.FirstIgot4(训训练练)inthegroupfor5(几几个个)days.ThenIhelped6(分分发发)foodtothehomelesspeople.Sometimeswe
24、7(募募集集)moneyforthepeopleintheearthquakearea.36Oneday,whilewewereworkingatthehelpcenter,adogcameinwithabasketinhismouth.Wefoundapieceofpaperinitandthereweresomewordsonit“Dearchildren,Imadisabledmanwhocantseeanything.EverydayIgethelpfromthekindpeople.Ideeplythankyouforyour8(仁仁慈慈).Iwant9(想想出出)awaytohel
25、pothers.NowIletmydog10(拿拿)thefoodtoyou.Soyoucangivethefoodtothepeoplewhoarestillinhunger.”答案答案:1.volunteers2.cheerthemup3.setup4.training5.several6.(to)giveout7.raised8.kindness9.tocomeupwith10.carry37381.(2013苏苏州州中中考考)Paulmadeanicecagethelittlesickbirdtillitcouldfly.A.keepB.keptC.keepingD.tokeep【解解
26、析析】选选D。考考查查动动词词不不定定式式的的用用法法。句句意意:保保罗罗做做了了一一个个漂漂亮亮的的笼笼子子来来饲饲养养那那只只生生病病的的鸟鸟,直直到到它它会会飞飞。用用动动词词不不定定式式作目的状语作目的状语,表示目的。故选表示目的。故选D。392.(2013济济南南中中考考)Itwastimeforclass.Mr.Kingaskedallthechildren_downquietly.A.sitB.satC.tositD.sitting【解解析析】选选C。考考查查固固定定搭搭配配。asksb.todosth.“让让某某人人做做某事某事”,固定搭配固定搭配,ask后接不定式作宾语补足语
27、。后接不定式作宾语补足语。3.(2013雅雅安安中中考考)Students should learn how _problems.A.solveB.solvingC.cansolveD.tosolve【解解析析】选选D。考考查查动动词词不不定定式式的的用用法法。句句中中动动词词learn后后接接“疑问词疑问词+不定式不定式”结构作宾语结构作宾语,故选故选D。404.(2013青青岛岛中中考考)He_plentyofmoneytothepeopleintheearthquakearea_.A.putout;toworkoutwellB.handedout;helpthemoutC.gaveout
28、;workoutwellD.gaveaway;tohelpthemout【解解析析】选选D。考考查查短短语语动动词词辨辨析析。句句意意:他他捐捐赠赠了了大大量量的的钱钱给给震震区区的的人人们们来来帮帮助助他他们们走走出出困困境境。putout扑扑灭灭;workout算算出出来来;handout分分发发;giveout分分发发,散散发发;giveaway捐捐赠赠,赠赠送送;helpout帮帮助助摆摆脱脱困困境境。第第二二个个空空格格处处是是不不定定式式作作目目的的状状语语,故选故选D。415.(2013烟烟台台中中考考)My bike is broken.Could you help me to?A.fixitupB.setitupC.makeitupD.putitup【解解析析】选选A。考考查查短短语语动动词词辨辨析析。句句意意:我我的的自自行行车车坏坏了了。你你能能帮帮我我修修理理一一下下吗吗?fixup修修理理;setup建建立立;makeup编编造造;putup举起举起,张贴。故选张贴。故选A。42