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1、2023/2/151全国国际商务英语考试（二级）全国国际商务英语考试（二级）Listening to and Writing in Business English2023/2/152nTest-takers need to know how to conduct their business in English nThey are most likely to be doing this with other non-native speakers of English because of:Increased diversity in the workplaceExplosion of
2、multi-nationalsIncrease in use of multi-skilled teamsEver-evolving degrees of responsibility Overview:The need for skills training2023/2/153nSoft skills are often the“deal breaker”in business:udelegating ulisteningupresenting(of self interviews or of business)unegotiatinguproblem-solvingucontributin
3、g effectively to meetings/seminars/debatesusocial interaction networkingnSoft skills framework allows emphasis on interpersonal forces of language-use in a work contextSoft skills in business English2023/2/154Part I:Listening to business EnglishnProblems in commonnAnything special in BE listening?nW
4、hat to be assessed in BE listening?nTest structure nSample analysis2023/2/155Problems in commonnCommon:Good feel but failed uChallenging:content,speed,accent,information processinguWhat:General vs specificuHow:Working memory training;input frequency effect;multimodal trigger/prompt;note-taking skill
5、s 2023/2/156Anything special in BE listening?nDoing business in EnglishuContextually-loadeduCulturally-loadeduContent-baseduStrategy-baseduInformation accuracy required2023/2/157What to be assessed in BE listening?n能够听懂语速为能够听懂语速为150150词词/分钟左右、句子结构比分钟左右、句子结构比较复杂的商务材料较复杂的商务材料n能掌握其要点和相关细节，通过分析和推理领能掌握其要
6、点和相关细节，通过分析和推理领会说话人的态度、感情和真实意图，能做简单会说话人的态度、感情和真实意图，能做简单笔记。笔记。n内容涉及招聘面试、组织会议、旅程安排、工内容涉及招聘面试、组织会议、旅程安排、工作计划、工作报告、产品广告、使用说明、业作计划、工作报告、产品广告、使用说明、业务洽谈（如价格谈判、订购货物、货物运送、务洽谈（如价格谈判、订购货物、货物运送、支付方式等）、投诉处理、演讲等商务会话支付方式等）、投诉处理、演讲等商务会话 2023/2/158StructurenMatchingnGap fillingnMultiple ChoicenTotal question items:2
7、0nTime limit:35 min.2023/2/159Sample analysis(I)2023/2/1510nText type:Monologue/One-part turn of conversationnTest format:Matching based on a chart or a tablenWhat to be assessed:Information in general(e.g.what the speaker says;the intent of the speaker)nDifficulty:The monologue too short to be able
8、 to respond to2023/2/1511Sample analysis(II)2023/2/1512nText type:Dialogues/small talknTest format:Gap filling based on a chart or a tablenWhat to be assessed:Tracking specific(missing)information in business contextnDifficulty:Note-taking skills required;answers indeterminate somehow and sometimes
9、2023/2/1513Sample analysis(III)2023/2/1514nText type:Short conversations/passagenTest format:Usual multiple-choice questions nWhat to be assessed:general comprehension in business contextnDifficulty:Linguistic competence;Listening while reading;No time allowed for note-taking2023/2/1515Part II:Writi
10、ng in business EnglishnProblems in commonnAnything special in BE writing?nWhat to be assessed in BE writing?nScoring operationalized criterianSample analysis2023/2/1516Problems in commonnCommon:Good at linguistic forms but pragmatically faileduChallenging:Highly contextualized,unfamiliarity with top
11、icsuWhat:Prompted by variety of genres and multimodal discourseuHow:Established schemata for business writings;Memorize good patterns of sentences and prototypes of business writings2023/2/1517Anything special in BE writing?nPragmatically appropriateuContextually-loadeduCulturally-loadeduSituation-b
12、asednDifferent from ordinary writingsuSpecial topics with multimodal triggers uSpecial wording and expressionsuSpecial formats2023/2/1518What to be assessed in BE writing?n目标：目标：能够完成商务信函、电子邮能够完成商务信函、电子邮件、经贸文章摘要、简单商务报告、件、经贸文章摘要、简单商务报告、计划书、合同等写作任务计划书、合同等写作任务n要求：要求：结构清楚、内容准确、重点结构清楚、内容准确、重点突出，逻辑性强。突出，逻辑
13、性强。n写作速度写作速度:300300词词/6060分钟分钟 2023/2/1519Scoring operationalized criterianGeneral requirementsu满分为满分为20分。分。u总体要求总体要求:内容和形式内容和形式u具体要求：内容是否贴切、结构是否完整、格式是具体要求：内容是否贴切、结构是否完整、格式是否正确、书写是否规范、风格是否得体、词汇语法否正确、书写是否规范、风格是否得体、词汇语法使用是否准确。使用是否准确。u评分标准：分评分标准：分A、B、C、D四个等次，各等次区间为四个等次，各等次区间为5分，即：分，即：A（1620分）；分）；B（1115
14、分）；分）；C（610分）；分）；D（15分）。分）。u白卷、作文与题目毫不相关或只言片语表达不清的，白卷、作文与题目毫不相关或只言片语表达不清的，不给分。不给分。u计分只按整分计算。计分只按整分计算。2023/2/15202023/2/1521Key wordsn信息传递信息传递/写作目标的有效性写作目标的有效性 n内容的充实与逻辑性内容的充实与逻辑性n语言使用的得体性语言使用的得体性 n词汇语法的准确性（商务术语）词汇语法的准确性（商务术语）n结构的完整性结构的完整性n格式的规范性格式的规范性2023/2/1522Sample analysisnLetter writingnReport
15、writingnChart writingnSummary writing2023/2/1523Sample analysis Letter writingnSample writing(Sample 1.1)uSample for observationuSample analysisnGuided writingnPractice writing2023/2/1524Sample analysis Report writingnSample writing(Sample 1.2)uSample for observationuSample analysisnGuided writingnP
16、ractice writing2023/2/1525Sample analysis Chart writingnSample writing(Sample 1.3)uSample for observationuSample analysisnGuided writinguBar chartuLine chartuPie chartnPractice writing2023/2/1526Sample analysis Summary writingnSample writing(Sample 1.4)uSample for observationuSample analysisnGuided
17、writingnPractice writing2023/2/1527More about summary writingnA summary is a shortened passage,which retains the essential information of the original.nIt is a fairly brief restatement-in your own words-of the contents of a passage.nNote:you simply report back what the writer has said,without making
18、 value judgments.2023/2/1528Characteristics of a good summarynCan be understood without reference to the original;nIs a faithful reproduction of,or contains only the ideas or information of,the original;nIs brief without any unnecessary detail;nIs a readable unified whole2023/2/1529Techniques in sum
19、mary writingnParaphrasinguTo paraphrase means to completely and correctly express other peoples ideas in ones own words.uYouve cooked us all a hot potato.(a troublesome person or issue)uPrevention is better than cure.(It is better to prevent something unpleasant from happening than try to put it rig
20、ht afterwards.)2023/2/1530The importance of paraphrasingnIt helps us understand the original better.nIt helps us grasp the central idea and the main points.nIt helps us write summaries that are brief and to the point,and in our own words.2023/2/1531Steps of paraphrasingnRead the original carefully a
21、nd comprehend its meaning wholly and correctly.nConsider the original article as a whole,not in isolated sentences.nGrasping the central ideas.2023/2/1532nWays of condensation uUse synonyms or synonymous phrases:He had a good command of English.(He knew English well.)uChange the complexities into si
22、mple sentences:My brother has an appreciation of modern art.(My brother appreciates modern art.)2023/2/1533nTurn complex sentences into simple sentences:He received a welcome that was as cold as ice.(He received an icy welcome.)nCombine the sentences:Hurry up.If you dont,youll miss the train.(Hurry
23、up or youll miss the train.)nFinding the topic sentence and making an outline:topic sentence/outline2023/2/1534How to write a summary?nNecessary elements for a good summaryuProper citation:title,author,source;date of publication and the text (journal articles)nThesis statement uThe topic or general
24、subject matter of the text;uthe authors major assertion,comment,or position on the topic2023/2/1535nSupporting ideas umajor supporting ideas;urelationships among these ideas;uno specifics;uthe authors purpose in writing;uno personal opinions,ideas,and inferences.nGrammar and the structure of writing
25、uavoid direct quotation;uuse transitional words.nLength:1/4 to 1/3 of the original2023/2/1536Steps in writing a summarynRead the articleuTo understand the article and find the general theme.nReread the articleuDivide into sections and label each section.uUnderstand the important parts.nWrite one-sen
26、tence summariesnSummarize each section of thought.2023/2/1537nFormulate the thesis statementuWeave the one-sentence section-summaries together.nWrite the first draftuIn the first sentence or two:uThe authors nameuThe articles or chapters nameuThe authors thesis statementuThen the summary sentences f
27、or each paragraph or section.2023/2/1538nExpress in your own words,to avoid plagiarism.nOccasional supporting ideas if necessary.nNote:uEliminate unnecessary words and repetitions.uEliminate personal ideas and inferences.uUse transitions for a smooth and logical flow of ideas.uConclude with a summin
28、g up sentence.2023/2/1539nEdit the draftuIs all the important information in the summary?uAm I listing things out?uAm I saying the same thing over and over again?uHave I left out my personal views and ideas?uDoes my summary hang together?uIs my grammar,punctuation,and spelling correct?nWrite the final draft2023/2/1540Thank you!