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1、情态动词+动词完成时,即情态动词+have+done.表示对过去的行为或动作进行推测,评论或者判断.1.must have done.表示对过去某事的肯定猜测，其否定或疑问形式都用 can/could 来表示。例如：Since the road is wet,it must have rained last night.2；当然对现在发生或者将来发生的事情，要用 must do 表示猜测，否定为 cant do He must understand that we mean business.You must be hungry after a long walk.反意疑问句中含有 Must
2、的情况主要有以下几种：1）作为情态动词表“必须”，这时反意疑问句直接用 mustnt/neednt 2)当 must 表示推测时又分以下几种情况：a：对现在事实的推测，反意疑问句与 must 后面的动词呼应，如:You must be joking,arent you b:对过去事实的推测，表示动作的时候用 did 当助动词，表示状态时用 was，如：Mr Green must have been punished for his being rude at the meeting，didnt he(格林先生一定因为昨天在会上鲁莽的行为被处罚了，是吗）被处罚表示一个动作 She must ha
3、ve been a policeman,wasnt she（她过去一定是个警察，是吗）是警察表示一种状态 对现在情况的推测，问句部分用主动词（do,be)一般现在时的适当形式。若是现在进行时，问句部分用现在进行时的适当形式表示。若是 there be 结构，问句用isnt/arent there。如：1)He must be there,isnt he 2)He must have a big family,doesnt he 3)He must be waiting outside,isnt he 4)There must be some students in the room,arent
4、 there 对已发生的过去情况的推测，若陈述句谓语部分有“must have done”，而且有表示过去的时间状语，问句部分用 didnt；若没有表示过去的时间状语，问句部分用 havent 或 hasnt。如：1)They must have gone there last night,didnt they 2)They must have arrived by now,havent they（根据 by now 来判断）3)They must have been to the Great Wall,havent they 若是被动，应按被动结构来处理。如：1)The room must have been cleaned yesterday,wasnt it 2)The room must have been cleaned,hasnt it 若句中有表示过去完成时的时间状语，问句部分应用 hadnt.如:They must have learnt 5000 English words by the end of last term,hadnt they (本题中 must 表推测，如果将它去掉，还原为真实句就是 They had learnt 5000 English words by the end of last term.因此，反意问句是 hadnt）