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1、Unit 1A new start单元重点语法专项练习句子成分和句子结构一、单项选择1.1.Whether she will keep it a secret is unknown to all of us.句子的主语是:A.a secretB , Whether she will keep it a secretC.all of usD. it2.The soldiers bag is full of medals.划线部分是什么短语?A.NPB. AdjPC. AdvPD.VP3.My father bought me a new bike last week.(分析句子结构)A.A.S+
2、VB. S+V+CC. S+V+IO+DOD.S+V+P4.A.宾语B.定语C.宾语补足语D.表语The young man offered the old man his own seat.(5.During that time English has become the language of government and education.A.adverbialB. subjectC - predicateD. attribute6.A. objectB. object complement C. predicativeD. adverbialThe war made him a s
3、oldier.7.During that time English has become the language for government and education.A.adverbialB. predicativeC. predicateD. object8.The sentence structure (结构)of Mr. Wu teaches us English.isA.A.S+V+DO+OC B, S+V+IO+DOc. s+v+oD.S+V+P9.A.宾语B.定语C.状语D.宾补We made him our monitor.划线成分是10. My brother is a
4、 policeman.划线成分是A.主语A.主语B.谓语C.宾语D.表语11. In the sentence “The first week was a little confusing”, the underlined part is aA. Noun Phrase (NP) B. Adjective Phrase (AdjP)A. Noun Phrase (NP) B. Adjective Phrase (AdjP)C.Adverb Phrase (AdvP) D. Verb12.A.S+V+OB. S+V+IO+DOC. S+V+PD.S+V+DO+OCPhrase (VP)Choos
5、e the correct structure of this sentence He lent me a book.13.The sentence structure of He often makes me happy isA. S+V+OB. S+V+IO+DOC. S+V+O+OCD. S+V+P再结合其它汉语提示,故本句译为:I bought them a lot of presents today.36. I had a chemistry exam at the end of the first week.37. At first I was sad.38. It will ma
6、ke you feel good.39. He gave me a big smile.40. I woke up early.【解析】.考查主谓宾结构。句子用一般过去时态,结合所给汉语可知答案为I had a chemistry exam at the end of the first week.36 .考查主系表结构。根据at first“起初”,可知句子用一般过去时态,结合所给汉语可知答案为At first I was sad.37 .考查主谓宾宾补结构。固定搭配:make sb.do sth.“使某人做某事;feel good感觉好:结合所给汉 语可知答案为 It will make
7、you feel good.38 .考查主谓双宾结构。动词give后面跟双宾语,give sb. sth.结合所给汉语可知答案为He gave me a big smile.39 .考查主谓结构。句子用一般过去时态,wake up“醒来”。结合所给汉语可知答案为I woke up early.41. My head aches.【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。分析句子可知,是主谓结构,用一般现在时。主语my head“我的头”,谓语动 词ache“疼痛L主语是第三人称单数,谓语动词用单数,故译为My head aches。42. My plan has changed.【解析】考查现在完成时。
8、“我的计戈可译为my plan。已经改变了”表示是现在已经完成的事情,即已经变化 了,因此可译为“have changed”,又因主语是第三人称单数,故填My plan has changedo43. The plane takes off at 9:30 pm.【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。分析句子可知,是主谓结构,主语the plane”这架飞机。谓语动词take ofG起 飞”,at 9:30 pm“在九点半”是时间状语,表示按照时刻表将要发生动作用一般现在时表示将来,且主语是 第三人称单数,谓语动词用单数,故译为The plane takes off at 9:30 pm.44. U
9、nfortunately, I missed seeing the sight.【解析】考查副词、动词短语、名词等。表达“遗憾的是应使用副词unfortunately,作状语,修饰整个句子,用逗 号与主句隔开;表达“没能做某事”应使用动词短语miss doing sth.,在主语I的谓语;表达“看到”应使用动 词see;表达“景象”应使用名词sight,作see的宾语。句子首字母大写。结合语境可知,句子应使用一般 过去时。故翻译为 Unfortunately, I missed seeing the sight.45. . I hope that I can pass the exam.【解析
10、】考查代词、动词、情态动词、动词短语及宾语从句等。表达“我应使用代词I;表达“希望”应使用动词 hope;表达“能”应使用情态动词can,其后动词用原形;表达“通过考试”应使用动词短语pass the exam。 分析句子可知,句子应使用一般现在时,且应使用that引导的宾语从句,充当hope的宾语。句子首字母 大写。 故翻译为 I hope that I can pass the exam.46. I managed to finish my homework on time.【解析】考查动词短语、介词短语及时态等。表达“我”应使用代词L作主语;表达“总算”应使用动词短语manage to
11、do sth.,作谓语;表达“完成作业”应使用动词短语finish ones homework,由于主语是I, ones因使用 my;表达“按时”应使用介词短语。n time,作状语,放在句尾。根据“了”可知,句子应使用一般过去时。 句子首字母大写。故翻译为 I managed to finish my homework on time.47. I am a Senior Three student.【解析】考查时态。主语我用主格L是am,高三Senior Three ,学生student。陈述事实使用一般现在时。故翻 译为 I am a Senior Three student.48. .
12、Nothing is impossible!【解析】考查双重否定。表达没有什么,英语用nothing。表达不可能,英语用impossible。故整句翻译为:Nothing is impossible!49. I am becoming increasingly anxious about the coming examination.【解析】考查动词短语。表达越来越,英语用increasingly ;表达担心,英语用become anxious about ;表达即将 到来的考试,英语用the coming examination。根据句意可知该句表达的是现在正在担心的事情。因此要 用现在进行
13、时。 故整句翻译为:I am becoming increasingly anxious about the coming examination.50. My English teacher gave me several English novels.【解析】考查动词时态和名词。分析句子可知,句子是简单句,根据句意,用一般过去时,主语my English teacher“我的英语老师 谓语动词give”给、后接双宾语,me“我”是间接宾语,用人称代词宾格作宾语, several English novels”几本英语小说”是直接宾语,注意novel是可数名词,用复数,故译为My Engli
14、sh teacher gave me several English novels.51. My aunt bought me a computer on my birthday.【解析】考查动词,名词和介词短语。根据汉语提示可知,该句是过去的事实,要用一般过去时。表达为某人买 某物,英语用buy sb. sth。在我生日那天,用英语on my birthday。故整句翻译为:My aunt bought me a computer on my birthday.52. I sent Li Ming an e-mail last night.【解析】考查时态。根据汉语,表示“给某人发送某物英语
15、send sb sth,表示“电子邮件”应用e-mail,表示“昨天晚 上“,应用last night,此处是描述过去发生的事情,应用一般过去口寸,故翻译成I sent Li Ming an e-mail last night.53. My grandfather named me an English name Tom【解析】考查时态。主语我的祖父应为My grandfather位于句首注意大写,取名用name发生在过去要使用一般 过去时,我作宾语用宾格me, 一个英文名an English name,故翻译为My grandfather named me an English name T
16、om.54. I found the sports magazine very interesting.【解析】考查动词、名词短语、形容词及时态等。表达“我”应使用代词I,作主语;表达“发现”应使用动词find, 作谓语;表达“这本体育杂志”应使用名词短语the sports magazine,作宾语;表达“非常”应使用副词 very;表达“有趣”应使用形容词interesting,作宾语补足语。结合语境可知,句子应使用一般过去时,谓 语动词用 foundo 句子首字母大写。故翻译为:I found the sports magazine very interesting.55. butimp
17、ression56. classmateshelpful57. theirbored58. ontalking59. more confidenta【解析】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了韩静在学校的一天生活。55 .考查连词。句意:韩静今天早上7点去上高中,但她有点焦虑,因为她不是个外向的人。根据句 意,前后为转折关系。故填but。56 .考查名词。句意:然而,她想留下一个良好的第一印象。leave a good impression”留下良好的印象”。 故填 impressiono.考查名词。句意:但是她也发现她的大多数同学和老师都很友好和乐于助人。found后接名词作宾语, classmate
18、为可数名词,前无不定冠词修饰,所以用复数指同学们。故填classmates。57 .考查形容词。句意:但是她也发现她的大多数同学和老师都很友好和乐于助人。find+名词+形容词作 宾语补足语。故填helpful。58 .考查代词。句意:下午,他们在科学实验室上化学课。形容词性物主代词their修饰名词class。故填 theiro.考查形容词。句意:这个实验室是新的,课程也很棒,但是她旁边的那个家伙让她觉得很厌烦,所 以她无法集中精力做实验。本句为“make+宾语+形容词”,宾语为me,所以形容词为ed结尾的形容词, 表示“感到厌烦的”故填boredo59 .考查介词。句意:个实验室是新的,课
19、程也很好,但是她旁边的那个家伙让她觉得很厌烦,所以她 无法集中精力做实验。concentrate on”集中注意力在为固定短语。故填on。60 .考查动名词。句意:晚上,她不再担心没有人跟她说话。about为介词后接动名词talking作宾语。故 填 talking o.考查形容词比较级。句意:她相信她会交到新朋友,感觉比今天早上自信多了。由“than”可知。用形 容词 比较级 more confidento 故填 more confidento61 .考查冠词。句意:她认为明天会是美好的一天。day为可数名词,泛指“一天,great首字母的发音为 辅音音素,所以冠词为a。故填a。答案第10页
20、,共I页14. Reading outside school is necessary and important in learning English. The structure of the sentence isA.主+谓+宾B.主+谓+宾+宾补C.主+系+表D.主+谓+间宾+直宾“The news makes me feel very happy?9 The structure of this sentence is A.S+V+OB.S+V+IO+DOC.S+V+PD.S+V+O+C15. It is a great pleasure to talk with you.(该句所属
21、句子基本类型)A.主谓B.主谓宾C.主系表D.主谓双宾16. He asked us to join in the game last night. Sentence elements :A. SVPAB. SVOCC. SVOCAD. SVOOAInspired, he asked his fans to make videos, which he then joined together into one performance.主句中的谓 造是:A. inspiredB. askedC. makeD. joinedAnalyze the structure of the followin
22、g sentence:Her first impression was that English was difficult.”A. SVOB. SPC. SVAD. SVOCWhat sentence element does the underlined part serve as?The boy has acquired a fine knowledge of geography by careful study.A. ObjectB. Predicative C. Attributive D. AdverbialIdentify sentence elements in the fol
23、lowing sentences:The way you look at people doesnt give them a good impressionA. S. SC. V. O. OCB. S. Attr.V. Oi. OdC. S.SC. V. Oi. OdD. S. Attr. V. O. OCIn fact, an art movement called the Mission School started here.句子中的谓语动词是。A. factB. movementC. calledD. startedThe spacecraft, Shenzhou 12 was pla
24、nned to stay in space for a much longer time, serving for the next decade (十年).句子中的谓语是?A. stayB. servingC. was plannedD. wasZhang Lei knows the destination quite well.划线部分是什么短语?在句子中做什么成分?A. AdjP,定语 B. AdjP,状语C. AdvP,状语D. AdvP,定语 25 . My hotel is near downtown, in the Mission District, one of the old
25、est parts of the city句中的主语是:C. Mission District D. the cityA. My hotelB. downtown二、汉译英(整句)翻译下列句子,并指出其基本句型.他的父母在这个村子里被照顾得很好。26 .这个年轻人设法及时完成了这项工作。27 .我的愿望是成为一名科学家。28 .他注意到一个男子进入了这个房间。29 .这次修车花了我两千元。用括号内的基本句型翻译下面句子.我是个农民工。(主系表)30 .我在远离家乡的大城市工作。(主谓状).我学会了一些新技术。(主谓宾)31 .我计划周六看望父母。(主谓宾状).今天我为他们买了许多礼物。(主谓双
26、宾语)32 .第一周结束的时候我有一次化学考试。(主谓宾结构).起初我很难过。(主系表结构)33 .这会使你感觉良好。(主谓宾宾补结构).他给了我一个大大的微笑。(主谓双宾结构)34 .我早早地醒了过来。(主谓结构).我头痛。(汉译英)35 .我的计划已经改变了。(汉译英).这架飞机晚上九点半起飞。(汉译英)36 .遗憾的是,我没能看到那景象。(汉译英).我希望我能通过考试。(汉译英)37 .我总算按时完成了作业。(汉译英).我是一名高三学生。(汉译英)38 .没有什么不可能!(汉译英).我越来越担心即将到来的考试。(汉译英)39 .我的英语老师给了我几本英文小说。(汉译英).我的姑妈在我生日
27、那天给我买了一台电脑。(汉译英)40 .昨天晚上我给李明发送了一封电子邮件。(汉译英).我的外祖父给我取了个英文名字Tom。(汉译英)41 .我发现这本体育杂志非常有趣。(汉译英)三、用单词的适当形式完成短文语法填空Han Jing went to senior high school at 7:00 this morning, 55 she was a little anxious because she was not outgoing. However, she wanted to leave a good first 56(impress) . In the morning, she
28、had a mathsclass and found it difficult. But she also found most of her 57 (classmate) and teachers friendly and58 (help) . In the afternoon, they had 59(they) chemistry class in the science lab. The lab isnew and the lesson was great, but the guy next to her made her 60(bore) so that she couldnt co
29、ncentrate61 the experiment. At night, she was not worried about no one 62(talk) to her any longer. Shebelieves that she will make new friends and feels much 63 (confident) than she felt this morning. She thinks tomorrow will be 64 great day.参考答案:1. B【解析】考查主语从句。句意:她是否会保守这个秘密我们大家都不知道。根据句子结构,句子的主语是“Whe
30、ther she will keep it a secret ”系动词为 is,表语为 unknown。故选 B。2. B【解析】考查句子结构。句意:士兵的包里装满了奖章。The soldier bag为主语,is为系动词,all of medals为形 容词短语(AdjP)作表语。故选B。3. C【解析】考查句子结构。句意:我爸爸上周给我买了一辆新自行车。此处主语为my father; bought为谓语;me为 间接宾语;a new bike为直接宾语。属于“主谓宾宾”结构。故选C。4. A【解析】考查句子成分。句意:那个年轻人把自己的座位让给了老人。分析句子可知,“The young m
31、an”在句中作 主语,“offered”作谓语,“the old man”作间接宾语,“his own seat”作直接宾语,故画线部分在句中作宾 语。故选A项。5. A【解析】考查句子成分。句意:在此期间,英语已成为政府和教育的语言。A. adverbial状语;B.subject主语;C. predicate谓语;D. attribute定语。此处画线部分During that time在句中作时间状语。故选A。6. B【解析】考查句子成分。句意:战争使他成为一名士兵。A. object宾语;B. object complement宾语补足语;C.predicative表语;D. adve
32、rbial状语。此处主语为the war; make作谓语,him为宾语,画线部分作宾语补 足语。故选B。7. B【解析】考查句子成分。句意:在此期间,英语已成为政府和教育的语言。A. adverbial状语;B. predicative表 语;C. predicate 谓语;D. object 宾语。此处主语为 English, has become 为谓语;the language 作表语。故选BoB【解析】考查句子结构。句意:吴老师教我们英语。在本句中,Mr.Wu是主语;teaches是谓语动词;us是间接宾 语;English是直接宾语,因此本句属于S+V+IO+DO (主谓宾宾),故
33、选B。8. D【解析】考查句子成分。句意:我们选他当班长。句子中,动词made为谓语,him为宾语,our monitor意为“我 们的班长。对宾语作补充说明,为宾语补足语。故选D。9. D【解析】考查句子成分。句意:我的哥哥是一名警察。句子中,my brother”为主语,is为系动词,“a policeman” 在系动词后作表语。故选D。10. B【解析】考查形容词短语作表语。句意:在句子“第一周有点困惑中,下划线部分是一个形容词短语。分析句子可 知,“confusing”意为“令人困惑的 形容词词性,“a little”用来修饰“confusing”,表示困惑的程度,故a little
34、confusing”为一个形容词短语,在句中作表语。故选B项。11. B【解析】考查句子结构。句意:选择这个句子“He lent me a book.”的正确结构。分析句子可知,是主语+谓语+间接 宾语+直接宾语、故选B。12. C【解析】考查句子结构。句意:“他经常让我开心”的句子结构是“主谓宾宾补“。He是主语,often makes是谓语动 词,me是宾语,happy是宾语补足语。故选C。13. C【解析】考查句子结构。句意:课外阅读在学习英语中是必要和重要的。此处主语为Reading outside school; is为 系动词,necessary and important作表语,
35、句子为主+系+表结构。故选C。14. D【解析】考查句子成分。分析句子结构可知,本句主语The news;谓语makes;宾语me;宾补feel very happy (此 处使用省略to的动词不定式作宾补),S主语,V谓语,0宾语,P表语,10间接宾语,DO直接宾语,C 补语,故选择D项。15. C【解析】考查句子基本类型。句意:很高兴和你谈话。it为形式主语,be动词为is, a great pleasure为表语,to talk with you是真正的主语。所以本句为主系表结构。故选C项。16. C【解析】考查句子结构。句意:他昨晚请我们参加比赛。主语为he,谓语动词为ask, us为
36、宾语,to join in the game为宾补,last night为时间状语。故句子为“主谓宾宾补(SVOCA) ”,故选C。17. B【解析】考查定语从句。句意:受到启发,他让他的粉丝们制作视频,然后他把这些视频组合成一个表演。A.inspired启发,过去分词作状语;B.asked让,要求,主句谓语动词;C.make做,动词不定式to make videos作asked的宾语补足语;D.joined加入,短语join together组合,作从句谓语动词。分析句子结构 可知,这是一个关系代词whih引导的非限制性定语从句,主句是he asked his fans to make vi
37、deos,主句中 的主语是he,谓语动词是asked。故选B项。18. B【解析】考查基本句型和句子成分。句意:她的第一印象是英语很难。分析句子的结构可知:句子的主语是Her first impression;was是系动词;表语是that English was difficult.所以句子的结构式SP。故答案为B。19. C【解析】考查句子成分。句意:下划线部分是什么句子成分?这个男孩通过认真学习,获得了很好的地理知识。A. Object宾语;B. Predicative表语;C.Attributive定语;D.Adverbial状语。分析句子结构可知,“of geography”意为“物
38、理的”,且修饰名词knowledge”作后置定语,故选C项。20. B【解析】考查句子成分。句意:你看别人的方式不会给他们留下好印象。分析句子结构可知,The way作主语,定 语从句you look at people作定语修饰The way (the way作先行词在定语从句中作状语时,引导词可以是 that, in which或省略),doesnt give作谓语,them作间接宾语,a good impression作直接宾语,故D项 正确。21. D【解析】考查谓语,句意:事实上,一场名为“教会学校”的艺术运动就是从这里开始的。分析句子结构可知, called是非谓语动词,与move
39、ment是被动关系,所以此处是过去分词表被动做后置定语,所以真正的动 词是started。故选D项。22. C【解析】考查句子结构。句意:神舟12号宇宙飞船计划在太空停留更长的时间,为未来十年服务。分析句子可知,句子是一般过去时的被动语态,主语是The spacecraft, Shenzhou 12是主语的同位语,was planned是 谓语部分,in space for a much longer time是状语,serving for the next decade是现在分词短语作状语,动 词不定式和现在分词均属于非谓语形式。故选C项。23. C【解析】考查句子成分。句意:张磊很清楚目的
40、地。分析句子结构可知,划线部分quite well是副词短语 (AdvP),在句中作状语。故选C。24. A【解析】考查句子成分。句意:我的酒店在市中心附近,在教会区,是这个城市最古老的地区之一。分析句子结 构可知,本句主语是My hotel, downtown是表语。故选A项。25. His parents are well taken care of in the village.(主+谓+状)The young man managed to finish the work in time. (主+谓+宾+犬)26. . My wish is to become a scientist.(
41、主+系+表). He noticed a man enter the room.(主+谓+宾+宾补)27. The car cost me 2,000 yuan for the repair.(主+谓+间宾+直宾)【解析】.考查被动语态和句型。根据中文提示可知,本句为一般现在时;句子主为their parents,谓语动词为 take care of,主语和谓语之间是被动关系,故用被动语态,再结合其它汉语提示,故本句译为:His parents are well taken care of in the village.(主+谓+犬)26 .考查时态和句型。根据中文提示,本句为一般过去时;主语
42、是the young man,谓语动词为manage to do sth,宾语为the work,再结合其它汉语提示,故本句译为:The young man managed to finish the work in time.(主+谓+宾+状).考查句型。根据中文提示,本句为一般现在时;主语为my wish,谓语动词为is, “成为科学家”为 become a scientist,再结合其它汉语提示,故本句译为:My wish is to become a scientist.(主+系+表)27 .考查短语和句型。根据中文提示,本句为一般过去时;主语为he,谓语动词是一个动词短语notice
43、sb do sth,再结合其它汉语提示,故本句译为:He noticed a man enter the room.(主+谓+宾+宾补)28 .考查时态和句型。根据中文提示,本句为一般过去时;主语是thecar,谓语动词是cost,再结合其它 汉语提示,故本句译为:The car cost me 2,000 yuan for the repair.(主+谓+间宾+直宾). I am a peasant worker.29 . I am working in a big city far from my hometown.30 . I have learned some new technolo
44、gy.31 . I am planning to visit my parents on Saturday.32 . I bought them a lot of presents today.【解析】.考查句型。根据中文提示,本句为一般现在时;主语是L谓语动词是am,表语是a peasant worker, 故本句译为:I am a peasant worker.31 .考查句型和时态。根据中文提示,本句为现在进行时;主语是L谓语动词是work,在大城市为“in a big city”,远离为“far away firom”,再结合其它汉语提示,故本句译为:I am working in a
45、 big city far from my hometown.32 .考查句型和时态。根据中文提示,本句为现在完成时;主语是L谓语动词为learn,宾语为some new technology, 故本句译为:I have learned some new technology.33 .考查句型和时态。根据中文提示,本句为一般将来时,此处表计划做某事,可用现在进行时表将来; 主语是L谓语为plan to do sth,宾语为my parents,再结合其它汉语提示,故本句译为:I am planning to visit my parents on Saturday.34 .考查句型和时态。根据中文提示,本句为一般过去时;主语为L谓语动词是buy,宾语为present, 答案第5页,共9页