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1、Heritage in dangerWelcome, everybody. Its wonderful to be here. Before we begin, I want to ask you: have you ever been awed by natural wonders? Have you ever been fascinated by human civilization? If so, you might already understand why UNESCO is fighting 1._ (preserve) sites of cultural and natural
2、 importance to mankind. I have the belief that some of you have heard about UNESSCO heritage sites or maybe even visited one! There are currently around 1,100 sites in more than 160 countries worldwide. 2._(unfortunate), they face a variety of dangers and many of them are in urgent need of protectio
3、n. Lets look at some specific issues.Heritage sites are at risk from natural forces. The long-term natural forces, such as wind, water and temperature, can gradually wear down heritage sites. For instance, the Great Pyramid of Giza is now several metres shorter than it was originally. Natural disast
4、ers, the sudden and 3._ (power) natural forces, can lead to the destruction of heritage sites: in 2003, a terrible earthquake shook south-eastern Iran and ruined large parts of the city of Bam, 4._ incredible UNESCO cultural heritage site.Another big danger is human activities. Wars can cause a grea
5、t deal of damage to both cultural and natural heritage sites. Sometimes, amazing ancient clay sculptures and buildings are accidentally destroyed by missile attacks during periods of 5._ (violent) . In some conflict areas where civil wars often break out, fighters have even destroyed heritage sites
6、on purpose.Meanwhile, World Heritage status may give rise to a series of problems. One of the problems is the flood of 6._ (tourist). Millions of tourists travel to UNESCO World Heritage Sites every year, so it is only natural that the sites suffer a bit of wear and tear. The temples of Angkor in Ca
7、mbodia are typical examples of unique architecture. Every day, thousands of tourists climbing up the narrow stone steps are wearing down these ancient buildings and the long-term consequences could lead to irreparable destruction of the internal structure.Due to human population growth, the demand f
8、or production and 7._ (consume) of goods increases. Widespread development puts our cultural and natural heritage sites in danger. Many heritage sites are even at risk of 8._ (lose) forever. Take the Historic Centre of Vienna in Austria as an example.The city has been recognized as the musical capit
9、al of Europe since the16th century,home to the likes of Mozart and Beethoven. It is now on the List of World Heritage in Danger due to high-rise construction projects in central Vienna.Such dangers can have disastrous outcomes not only for the sites themselves, but also for people. For instance, the
10、 Great Barrier Reef off the north-east coast of Australia is a natural heritage site in danger. Due to high seawater temperatures 9._(cause) by global warming, a large amount of coral is killed and parts of the reef are seriously affected, which harms its fragile natural ecology. As well as being ho
11、me to a wide diversity of ocean species, the reef can boost tourism and fishing in the local area, providing many job opportunities. It also helps protect the coastline against waves and floods.If the reef disappears, many peoples lives and possibly even their homes will suffer greatly.Heritage prot
12、ection is 10._ the top of the agenda for the benefit of all mankind. The more we acknowledge the outstanding universal value of our heritage sites, the more likely we are to treat them with respect. These sites are the great wonders of our world and tell the story of human civilization. We all share
13、 a joint responsibility to protect and preserve them, not just for ourselves, but for future generations. If your heart breaks like mine at the thought of our irreplaceable heritage being lost forever, please take action. If youre interested, please look at our website and participate in any way you
14、 can! Thank you.【答案】 1. to preserve; 2. Unfortunately; 3. powerful; 4. an; 5. violence; 6. tourists; 7. consumption; 8. being lost; 9. caused; 10. atFollowing the silk road1._(cover) vast distances and an astonishing variety of landscapes, the Silk Road was a network of ancient trade routes that ext
15、ended from East Asia all the way to the Mediterranean. A key section of the extensive Silk Road network is the Changan-Tianshan Corridor, 2._ stretches over a distance of around 5,000 kilometres through China, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan,covering a total of 8,700 kilometres of trade routes. The three
16、countries jointlypursued an application for UNESCO World Heritage status. They submitted the proposal which contained detailed research on the 33 sites along the corridor. This made history in its own way as the first successful multinational World Heritage applicationand it seems to be only the beg
17、inning of the road for the Silk Road, as other countries are also planning World Heritage applications for other sections of the network.The starting point of the corridor and the entire Silk Road network is Changan (present-day Xian), in Shaanxi Province of north-west China. It was famous as the ca
18、pital of the Han and Tang Dynasties. Further west on the Silk Road, the geography 3._ (gradual) changes from wilddeserts to high, snow-capped mountains to vast grasslands as the routes pass through the splendid Tianshan Mountains and emerge in the rolling valleys of Central Asia. Although the Changa
19、n-Tianshan Corridor ends here, the network continues westwards until it reaches the Mediterranean.The Silk Road began to develop in the 2nd century BCE. 4._(assign) by the emperor, the ambassador Zhang Qian journeyedfrom Changan to Central Asia, seeking to build bridges between the Han Dynasty and t
20、he Western Regions. Following Zhangs efforts, trade routes took shape and relationships 5._(strengthen) between the major powers of the time, with the routes network reaching as far as the Roman Empire. The network expanded gradually, playing an important role in world history between the 6th and 14
21、thcenturies, and remained in use until the 16th century.At the initial stage of the Silk Road development, silk was the main item in the trade list thanks to 6._ (it) light weight and high value. At its peak, many other items were contributed to the marketplace of goods. The routes were alive with s
22、trings of camels carrying loads of goods and traders selling everything imaginable. Chinas exports included silk, china and tea, while horses, wool, cotton and grapes were all imported over vast distances along the network.In addition 7._ trade exchange, the network served as a bridge for cultural e
23、xchange which shaped the evolution of science, art, technology and many other areas in societies along the network. Astronomy and mathematics were introduced to China from India and Arabia; in Gansu Province, the Mogao Caves, home to some of the finest examples of Buddhist art, reflected the eastwar
24、d spread of Buddhism from India; important Chinese 8._(invent) such as papermaking and printing were first brought to the West through the network.All of these activities contributed to a great age of expansion as trade and cultural exchanges gave people access to new goods, knowledge and ideas. The
25、se amazingly long routes connected Eastern and Western civilizations, which achieved a shared development. In the modern age, through the Belt and Road Initiative, the Silk Road is once again connecting the countries along the ancient trade routes and 9._ (promote) the exchanges of different civiliz
26、ations. The addition of the Changan-Tianshan Corridor to the UNESCO World Heritage List is a milestone in 10._ (recognize) of the Silk Road as a crucial part of humanitys common heritage.【答案】 1. Covering; 2. which; 3. gradually; 4. Assigned; 5. were strengthened; 6. its; 7. to; 8. inventions; 9. promoting; 10. recognition学科网（北京）股份有限公司