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1、英语特殊句式精讲英语特殊句式精讲-中考中考l1 感叹句感叹句l2 反意疑问句反意疑问句l3 祈使句祈使句l4 倒装句倒装句lThere be 结构结构一、感叹句一、感叹句lWhat 句型句型lHow 句型句型l区别区别What 句型句型 What+a/an+形容词形容词+单数可数名词单数可数名词+(主主+谓谓)！What a fine day it is!What a clever boy he is!What+形容词形容词+复数可数名词复数可数名词/不可数名词不可数名词+(主主+谓谓)！lWhat lovely boys they are!lWhat fine weather it is!l
2、What important jobs they have done!What 句型句型 How 句型句型How+形容词形容词/副词副词+(主主+谓谓)！How beautiful the flowers are！(=What beautiful flowers they are!)解题步骤：解题步骤：l1.去掉后面主谓；l2.判断是否有名词；l3.如果没有名词，选How句型；l4.如果有名词，选What句型（名词是可数且单数，用a/an；名词是复数或不可数，不用a/an）如何判断选如何判断选what还是还是 howl1 如果某一空后面直接就是如果某一空后面直接就是a/an，那么该空一，那么该
3、空一定选定选what.l2 如果某空后面是形容词直接加名词，那么该如果某空后面是形容词直接加名词，那么该空一定选空一定选what.二、反意疑问句二、反意疑问句l结构l回答l注意事项前肯后否，前否后肯。前肯后否，前否后肯。lShe is a teacher,isnt she?lShe isnt a teacher,is she?lMary is a student,isnt she?lMary isnt a student,is she?反意疑问句的回答反意疑问句的回答l要根据事实而定，l若事实是肯定的要回答Yes,后加肯定形式；l若事实是否定的要回答No,后加否定形式。注意注意l1、当前面陈述
4、部分中含有little,few,hardly,seldom,never,none,nothing,no等时，反意问句用肯定形式。He seldom writes to you,does he?You have nothing else to say,do you?l2、当前面陈述部分是“There be.”句型时，反意疑问句仍用there。例如：There is a radio on the table,isnt there?Yes,there is.l3、当前面陈述部分是everything，anything，something，nothing等不定代词时，反意问句的主语一般用it。例如：E
5、verything is all right,isnt it?l当前面陈述部分主语是everyone，everybody，anybody，anyone，someone，somebody，no one，nobody，each，one等不定代词时，反意问句的主语用they，也可用he,但不用it。Everybody knows the answer,dont they?l5、当前面陈述部分的主语是“this，that”时，反意疑问句的主语用it代替；当前面陈述部分的主语是“these，those”时，反意疑问句的主语用they代替。This is very important,isnt it?l6
6、、当前面陈述部分是“I am+表语表语”时，反意疑问句常用“arent I”。例如：Im late,arent I?l7.祈使句的反意疑问句一般情况下是will you,如果是Lets.则是shall we.Lets have a rest,shall we?Let us have a look at it,will you?l1.You come from England,_ _?l2.Jim bought a nice present for Li Ming,_ _?l3.They will go to the zoo next Sunday,_ _?l4.She has taught u
7、s a lot,_ _?l5.Jenny was late for school this morning,_ _?l6.You can play the piano,_ _?l7.Lets stop and have a rest,_?l8.Dont play in the street,_ _?l9.He has few friends,_ _?l1.Lets stop and have a rest,_?l2.There is little water in the cup,_?l3.Tom can hardly answer the question in English,_?l4.H
8、es flown to Qingdao for summer holiday,_he?A.isnt B.wasnt C.hasnt D.doesntl5.-You havent been to Nanjing,have you?-_.But I want to go there next week.A.Yes,I have B.No,I have C.Yes,I havent D.No,I haventl6.I dont think he will come,_?A.do I B.dont I C.will he D.dont he三、祈使句三、祈使句l祈使句的结构（肯定和否定）；l祈使句的回
9、答；l祈使句的反意疑问；祈使句的结构祈使句的结构l肯定形式：以原形动词开头肯定形式：以原形动词开头 分为“do 型”和“be 型”两种结构。（1）“do 型”：“动词原形+宾语（+其它成分）”。Look after them,please.Do it like this.（2）“be 型”：“Be 动词+表语（+其它成分）”。Be quiet,boys and girls.Be careful,theres a dog behind you.l否定形式：否定形式：Dont+动词原形动词原形 Dont worry,I can help you.Dont climb the tree,its to
10、o high.Dont be late for school next time.也可用也可用Never和和no开头开头。Never catch a falling dinosaur.No photos./No parking./No smoking.祈使句的回答祈使句的回答l肯定祈使句的回答肯定祈使句的回答:Yes,I will.-Look after yourself and keep healthy.-Yes,I will.l否定祈使句的回答否定祈使句的回答:Sorry,I wont.-Dont make any noise in class.-Sorry,I wont.祈使句的反义疑问
11、祈使句的反义疑问l一般情况下,不管肯定还是否定反意疑问句都是will you;如果是Lets,其反意疑问句为shall we?l-Dont take photos here,will you?l-Lets go to the zoo next Sunday,shall we?中考祈使句常考两句型：中考祈使句常考两句型：l1“祈使句祈使句+and+表结果的陈述句表结果的陈述句”用来叙述肯定用来叙述肯定的条件。的条件。Hurry up and youll catch the train.(If you hurry up，youll catch the train)l2“祈使句祈使句+or(else
12、)+表结果的陈述句表结果的陈述句”用来叙述否用来叙述否定的条件，定的条件，or(else)表示表示“否则；要不然否则；要不然”。Hurry up，or youll miss the train (If you dont hurry up，youll miss the train)四、倒装句四、倒装句l1、so(neither,nor)表示前面所说的情况也适合于后者时，用“so(neither,nor)+助动词助动词+主语主语”这样的倒装句式。如：He can sing English songs,and so can I.He didnt see the film,and neither di
13、d I.She is very beautiful,and so was her mother when she was young.l2、以here,there,now,then,out,in,up,down,等副词开头的句子，且句子主语是名词时，句子用完全倒装。如：lHere comes the bus.公共汽车来了。Now comes your turn.现在该你了。Then came a new difficulty.然后又产生了一个新的困难。The door opened and in came Mr Li.门开了，李先生走了进来。l3、地点状语（多为介词短语）地点状语（多为介词短语
14、）置于句首加以强调时，其后通常用倒装语序。如：Among them was my friend Jim.他们当中就有我的朋友吉姆。Around the lake are some tall trees.湖的四周有些高树。五、五、There be 句型句型There be 句型句型lThere is/are There must be There may be There is a book and two pens on the table.There are two pens and a book on the table.There must be a man hiding behind
15、the trees.There may be something wrong with the machine.lThere was/were There used to be There was a tree in front of my house.There used to be a tree in front of my house.lThere will be There is/are going to be There will be more people on the earth.There is/are going to be a show/many shows next week.lThere+不及物动词 There comes the No.1 bus.There lives a monkey in the woods.There stands an old temple on the top of the mountain.Thank you!