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1、1.Itisfutiletodiscussthematterfurther,because_goingtoagreeuponanythingtoday.(2003-50)A.neitheryounorIareB.neitheryounormeisC.neitheryounorIamD.neithermenoryouare答案:C参考译文:进一步讨论这个事情是无益的,因为今天你我都在任何事情上不愿达成一致。原则:就近原则Principle of Proximity第1页/共27页1)当therebe句型的主语是一系列事物时,谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。Thereisapen,aknifeand
2、severalbooksonthedesk.Therearetwentyboy-studentsandtwenty-threegirl-studentsintheclass.2)当or,nor,eitheror,neithernor,notonlybutalso 连接两个主语时,谓语动词与最邻近的主语保持一致。Eitheryouorsheistogo.第2页/共27页3)在倒装句中,动词的数应和它后面的主语的数一致。如以here,there开头,be动词与后面第一个名词一致。如:Thereisadognearthedoor.Therewerenoschoolsinthisareabeforel
3、iberation.Herecomesthebus.Onthewallweretwofamouspaintings.HereisMr.Brownandhischildren.第3页/共27页2.Mr.Wells,togetherwithallthemembersofhisfamily,_forEuropethisafternoon.A.aretoleaveB.areleavingC.isleavingD.leave答案:C参考译文:威尔斯先生,连同所有的家人,今天下午出发去欧洲。原则:语法一致Grammatical Concord第4页/共27页如果主语后跟有with,togetherwith
4、,alongwith,but,except,besides,perhaps,like,including,aswellas,asmuchas,nolessthan,morethan,ratherthan,inadditionto,accompaniedby,等引起的短语,谓语动词仍与短语前的主语的形式保持一致。如:1)Hissister,nolessthanyou,iswrong.2)Thefather,ratherthanthebrothers,isresponsiblefortheaccident.3)He,likeyouandXiaoLiuisverydiligent.4)Everypi
5、ctureexceptthesetwohasbeensold.5)Aliceaswellasherfriendswasinvitedtotheconcert.6)NobodybutMaryandIwasintheclassroomatthattime.第5页/共27页3.Thestatistics_thatlivingstandardsintheareahaveimproveddrasticallyinrecenttimes.A.provesB.isprovingC.areprovingD.prove答案:D解析:statistics在本句中表示“数据统计”而不是“统计学”,因此谓语动词不可用
6、第三人称单数;此外prove表示“(已)证明”,不可用现在进行时态,因此,D为正确。原则:意义一致Notional Concord第6页/共27页以”ics”结尾表示学科名称的名词做主语,谓语动词多用单数;但如果其表达“学科”以外的其他意义,谓语动词便可用复数。acoustics(声学;音响效果)athletics(体育学;体育运动)economics(经济学;经济意义)ethics(伦理学;行为准则)tactics(兵法;策略)mathematics(数学;运算能力)optics(光学;光线器件)physics(物理学;物理现象)politics(政治学;政治观点)linguistics(语
7、言学)第7页/共27页4.All the Presidents Men _oneoftheimportantbooksforhistorianswhostudytheWatergateScandal.(2007-52)A.remainB.remainsC.remainedD.isremaining答案:B参考译文:惊天大阴谋是一本重要的书,可供历史学家研究“水门事件”。解析:All the Presidents Men是一个书名,谓语动词用单数,此句在阐述事实,所以用一般现在时态。第8页/共27页复数形式的专有名词作为整体看待(如人名、地点、国家、组织、书籍、报刊等),动词用单数形式。如:1)
8、TheUnitedStatesisinNorthAmerica.2)TheUnitedNationshaspassedaresolution(决议)。3)The Arabian Nights(天方夜谭)isaninterestingbook.4)TheNewYorkTimesisagoodnewspaper.第9页/共27页5.Theresearchrequiresmoremoneythan _.(2007-61)A.havebeenputinB.hasbeenputinC.beingputinD.tobeputin答案:B解析:本句中连词than后面省略了主语it,此处it指代的是前面提到的
9、money,因此后面的动词用单数;从语义上来看,这里是比较需要的钱和已经投入的钱,故用现在完成式hasbeenputin第10页/共27页6.WhichofthefollowingsentencesisINCORRECT?(2012-65)A.Poultryareveryexpensiveinthecity.B.Newmachinerywereintroducedinthefactory.C.Thepoliceareinvestigatingthemurdercase.D.Themilitiawerecalledouttorescuefloodvictims.答案:B原则:语法一致和意义一致第
10、11页/共27页1).通常做复数的集体名词,如police,people,folk,youth,clergy(教士),cattle,militia,poultry(家禽),vermin(害虫)等;以“ch、sh、-ese”等结尾的表示国籍的词,如TheFrench,TheBritish,TheChinese等,谓语动词用复数。Thepolicehavecaughtthemurderer.TheChinesearefamousfortheirhospitality.2).通常做不可数的集体名词,表示总称,如machinery,stationery(文具),furniture,merchandis
11、e(商品),foliage(树和植物叶子的总称),谓语动词用单数。Newmachineryisbeinginstalledinthefactory.以集体名词(Collective Noun)做主语时:第12页/共27页3).有些集体名词如family,team,group,class,audience,government,public(公众),等作主语时,如看作是一个整体,谓语动词则用单数形式;如强调各个成员时,谓语动词要用复数形式。如:Myfamilyisgoingtohavealongjourney.Myfamilyarefondofmusic.Theclasshaswonthehon
12、or.Theclasswerejumpingforjoy.4.)如果主语是由“acommitteeof/apanelof/aboardof+复数名词”构成,随后的动词通常用单数。Acommitteeoffivemenandthreewomenistoconsiderthematter.第13页/共27页某些固定结构中谓语的数:agreatmany+可数名词复数谓语用复数themajorityof+可数名词复数谓语用复数anumberof+可数名词复数谓语用复数thenumberof+可数名词复数谓语用单数neither/eitherof+可数名词复数谓语用单数oneandahalf+可数名词复
13、数谓语用单数each/every+可数名词单数谓语用单数morethanone+可数名词单数谓语用单数manya+可数名词单数谓语用单数thegreaterpartof/alargeproportionof/50%of/onethirdof/plentyof/therestof谓语的数与of后面的名词一致Twothirdsofthestudentsaregirlsinourclass.第14页/共27页Morethanonepersonhere_withthedisease.A.hasbeeninfectedB.havebeeninfectedC.hasbeeninfectingD.haveb
14、eeninfectingMorestudentsthanone_.A.werepunishedB.ispunishedC.waspunishedD.willpunishMore复数名词thanone和morethanone单数名词的意义相同,均表示“不只一个”,但前者用作复数,后者用作单数。第15页/共27页7.WhichofthefollowingsentencesisgrammaticallyINCORRECT?(2013-59)A.Politicsaretheartorscienceofgovernment.B.Tenmilesseemslikealongwalktome.C.Mumps
15、isakindofinfectiousdisease.D.Allthefurniturehasarrivedundamaged.答案:A方法:直选法或排除法第16页/共27页A.表示学科一类的名词作主语时B.表示时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的复数名词或短语作为一个整体看待时,其谓语动词常用单数形式。如:1)Threeyearsisnotalongtime.2)Tendollarsiswhatheneeds.3)Fivehundredmilesisalongdistance.C.表示疾病的名词做主语,虽以“S”结尾但谓语动词多用单数。arthritis(关节炎),bronchitis(支气管炎),
16、diabetes(糖尿病),tuberculosis(肺结核),measles(麻疹),mumps(腮腺炎),rickets(软骨病)等Diabetesisconsideredadiseasethatbelongstothewealthy/therich.D.集体名词作主语时第17页/共27页1)Thewriterandworkerarecomingtoourschooltomorrow.2)Thewriterandtheworkerarecomingtoourschooltomorrow.3)Breadandbutteristheirdailyfood.4)Breadandbutterare
17、theirdailyfood.请判断句子正误并解释并列主语如果指的是同一个人、同一事物或同一概念时,谓语动词用单数,and后面的名词没有冠词。第18页/共27页the+形容词(或分词)作主语时,常指一类人,如the brave,the poor,the rich,the blind,the young,the old,the sick,the dead,the deaf,the oppressed,the injured,the wounded,the unemployed 等谓语动词用复数形式。;但也有少数的过去分词与定冠词连用时指个别,则谓语动词用单数,这类形容词或分词如果要表示个体时,就
18、要与名词man,person 或表示人的单数连用。1)Theyoungisusuallyveryactive.2)Thedeparted(死者)wasawell-knownengineer.第19页/共27页1)Everyboyandgirlhavebeeninvitedtotheparty.所有的孩子都被邀请参加这次聚会。2)Noteacherandnostudentareabsenttoday.今天没有老师和学生缺席。3)Manyastudentsisbusywiththeirlessons.许许多多的学生都忙着复习他们的功课。有each,every,no,manya修饰名词时,谓语动词要
19、用单数形式。第20页/共27页1)Eachtakesacupoftea.2)Eitheriscorrect.3)Neitherofthemlikethispicture.由each,either,one,another,theother,neither作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。由every,some,any,no构成的合成代词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。1)Iseveryonehere?2)Nothingistobedone.没有什么要干的事儿了。第21页/共27页Exercise 1.Aroundandasquaretable_intheshopwindow.A.wasexhibiti
20、ngB.wasexhibitedC.wereexhibitingD.wereexhibited2.Whenhegottothefair(交易会),whatwereleftbehind_tenemptybottles.A.wasB.wereC.justD.only第22页/共27页3.Everypolicemanandfireman_onthealert.A.wasB.wereC.havebeenD.are4.Tenpercentoftheworkersinthiscity_nowonstrike.A.isB.areC.istobeD.aretobe5.NotonlyyouandIbutPete
21、r,thetopstudentinourgrade_notabletosolvetheproblem.A.areB.wereC.isD.am第23页/共27页6.Plentyoffruits,eggs,andvegetables_neededforhealth.A.areB.isC.isbeingD.have7.Withtheelevationofpeoplesstandardofliving,cosmetics(化妆品)_favoritetopic,especiallyamongwomen.AbecameBbecomeCbecomesDhavecome第24页/共27页8.Thisisthe
22、bestautomobilesthat_inworkingorder.A.isB.hadC.areD.have9.Georgeistheonlyoneofthebrighteststudentswho_fromNewYorkUniversity.A.isgraduatedB.havegraduatedC.hasgraduatedD.aregraduated10.Televisionisoneofthegreatadvancesinmethodsofcommunicationthat_madeinthe19thcentury.A.wasB.wereC.areD.hasbeen第25页/共27页第26页/共27页谢谢您的观看!第27页/共27页