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1、Unit 4rule(C)n.规则，规章make rules制定规则follow the rules遵守规则break the rules违反规则make it a rule(to do sth.)定下规矩(做某事)I make it a rule never to mix business with pleasure.（it作形式宾语，不定式短语作真正的宾语） 我定下一个规矩，绝不把工作和娱乐混在一起。the rules of the game游戏规则according to the rules根据规定arrive(vi.)到达arrive at+小地点/in+大地点(省市国)arrive/
2、get here/there/homeget to+地点reach+地点What time does the plane arrive in New York? 飞机几点到纽约？He arrived late as usual.他照例(像往常一样)又迟到了。Tom arrived late for class.汤姆上课迟到了。(动作)We arrived at the station ten minutes early. 我们提前十分钟到了车站。 The Prime Minister arrives back in Britain tonight. 首相今晚返抵英国。(be)on time准时
3、in time及时Arrive at the airport on time, please.请准时到达机场。Subway is supposed to be on time.地铁应该准时。The diligent workers finished the project on time. 勤奋的工人按时完成了工程。hallway(C)n.走廊，过道The restroom is at the end of the hallway to the right. 洗手间在走廊尽头右转的地方。I saw your note in the hallway.我在走廊看到了你的告示。hall(C)n.大厅
4、，礼堂dining hall餐厅，食堂Thats the tallest dinosaur in this hall.那是这个厅里最高的恐龙。exhibition hall 展览厅 in the hall 在大厅里；在饭厅 city hall 市政厅 memorial hall 纪念馆；纪念堂 town hall 市政厅；市政府；市民集会所 concert hall 音乐厅 hall of fame 名人纪念馆 main hall 大厅；主厅，主礼堂 conference hall 会议厅；会议室；会议场所 music hall 音乐厅 dance hall 舞厅 lecture hall 讲
5、堂，大讲堂；演讲厅；大教室，阶梯教室listen(vi.)听，倾听listen to听Listen! Someone is singing. 听，有人在唱歌。listen to the music/the tape/the radio听音乐/磁带/收音机We listened to the band playing. (listen to sb. doing sth.瞬间动作) 我们听乐队演奏。She liked to listen to children talk. (listen to sb. do sth.动作全程) 她喜欢听孩子们谈话。fight(vi./vt.)(fought/fou
6、ght)打架，战斗(C)n.打架(vi./vt.)(fought/fought)打架，战斗Two guys are fighting with each other in the street. 有两个家伙正在街上打架。They are fighting over a girl.他们为了一个女孩子在打架。fight an enemy与敌人作战fight against与作战/斗争(C)n.打架get into a fight with sb.与某人打架(get into参与)have a fight with sb.与某人打架Her son is always getting into fig
7、hts at school. 她儿子老是在学校打架。be always doing sth.总是做某事(现在进行时的特殊用法，表达赞扬，厌恶等情感)They ended up having a fight with each other. 他们最后打了一架。sorry(adj.)对不起，很抱歉(用于表示歉意)；难过的；惋惜的，遗憾的be sorry about/for/to do sth./thatIm really sorry. I didnt mean to hurt your feelings. 非常抱歉，我不是有意要伤害你的感情。Matt, stop doing that! Sorry
8、! “马特，别那么做！”“对不起！”Im sorry, did I step on your foot? 对不起，我踩到你的脚了吗？Im so sorry about your father . 我为你父亲感到难过。I am sorry (that) you cannot stay longer. 我很遗憾你不能多停留一些时候outside(adv.)在外面(adj.)外面的(prep.)在外面(n.)外部，外表(和the连用)(adv.)在外面When we got up, it was still dark outside. 我们起床时，外面天还没亮。Could you wait outs
9、ide please? 请你在外面等好吗？We went outside to see what was happening. 我们到外面去看看发生了什么事。(adj.)外面的We turned off the outside lights and went to bed. 我们关闭外头的电灯，上床睡觉了。 the outside world 外部世界，外面的世界(prep.)在外面Ill meet you outside the theatre at two oclock. 我两点钟在剧院外面等你。The outside of the house is white.房子的外面是白色的。wea
10、r(vt.)(wore/worn)穿着(衣服、鞋子等)，戴着(帽子，眼镜，首饰等)(“穿的状态”)put on穿戴(“穿的动作”)Susanna is wearing a black silk dress. 苏珊娜穿着一条黑色真丝连衣裙。He wore glasses for reading.他阅读时戴眼镜。wear a seat belt (=have it around yourself)系着安全带Usually I wear black, grey, or brown. 我通常穿黑色、灰色或棕色的衣服。wear something to a party/a dance/an interv
11、iew 穿着某物(衣服)去参加(聚会/舞会/采访)Im wearing a red dress to the party.(be doing sth.表示将来的动作) 我准备穿一件红色连衣裙去参加聚会。important(adj.)重要的unimportant (adj.)不重要的importance(U)n.重要性importantly(adv.)重要地sth. is important to sb.某物对某人来说重要it is important for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是重要的a very important meeting很重要的会议The acciden
12、t taught him an important lesson. 那次事故给了他很大的教训。Happiness is more important than money. 快乐比金钱更重要。What did you say? Oh, nothing important. “你说什么？”“噢，没什么大事。”It is very important that students (should) read good books. 学生读好书是非常重要的。bring(vt.)(brought/brought)带来，取来，领来take带走get去取(某物)，带来(某人)bring sb. sth.=b
13、ring sth. for sb.为某人带来某物bring sth. to sb.把某物带给某人（to强调方向）bring sth./sb. to(地点)把某人/某物带到Can you bring me another beer? 你再给我拿一杯啤酒好吗？She brought me the roses. 她带玫瑰花来给我He brought his wife to the party. 他带太太来参加聚会have to(modal v.)必须，不得不have to: 通俗用语，指受客观条件或环境迫使而“不得不”做某事，突出客观性。must: 通常表示命令或说话人主观认为必须要做某事，含强调语
14、气，侧重主观性。We dont have to rush theres plenty of time. 我们不必着急有的是时间。I hate having to get up early in the morning. 我讨厌一早就得起床。I often have to stay up late.我经常不得不熬夜。She has to arrive home before 6 oclock every afternoon. 每天下午六点钟前她得回到家。uniform(C)n.校服，制服in uniform穿着制服He was still wearing his school uniform t
15、hen. 他那时仍然穿着校服。He is on duty and in uniform. 他穿着制服在值班。quiet(adj.)安静的，文静的quietly(adv.)安静地be quiet=keep quiet保持安静Tanya, be quiet! Im on the phone. 塔尼娅，安静！我在打电话呢。Our hotel room was comfortable and quiet. 我们的酒店客房舒适安静。The crowd went quiet.人群安静了下来。 a strange, quiet girl一个古怪、文静的女孩out(adv.)尤指短时间外出go out外出(娱
16、乐)Did anyone call while I was out?我不在时有人来过电话吗？My parents are both out at the moment.这会儿我父母都出去了。He went out at 11 oclock last night.他昨晚11点出去的。Out to lunch. 外出吃饭practice(vt./vi.)练习(U)n.练习(vt./vi.)练习practice doing sth.练习做某事It gives students the opportunity to practice their speaking skills. 这给学生提供了锻炼口才
17、的机会。Today were going to practise parking. 今天我们要练习停车。practice the piano练习弹钢琴(U)n.练习Practice makes perfect.熟能生巧。It takes hours of practice to learn to play the guitar. 学习弹吉他需要长时间的练习。With a little more practice you should be able to pass your test. 稍微再练一练，你应该能通过考试了。dish(C)n.碟，盘(pl.dishes)do/wash the di
18、shes清洗餐具(待洗的餐具)Please dry the dishes and put them away. 请你把餐具擦干, 收拾好He likes to wash dishes and never breaks a dish. 他喜欢洗碗碟并且从未打破过一个碗碟。before(prep.)在以前，(adv.)以前(prep.)在以前before bed睡前Lets meet at our house before the show. 看演出前在我们家碰头吧。Larry arrived home before me.拉里在我之前到家。I usually take a shower befo
19、re having my breakfast. 我通常先洗个澡再吃早餐。(adv.)以前the day before(在那)前一天two days before在 (那时候的) 两天前long before很久以前I have met him before. 我以前见过他make ones bed铺床，整理床铺dirty(adj.)脏的(vt.)弄脏(某物)a dirty face/house/towel肮脏的脸/房子/毛巾How did you get so dirty?你怎么会弄得这么脏？kitchen(C)n.厨房Sam went into the kitchen to make a p
20、ot of tea. 萨姆走进厨房去沏一壶茶。She is in the kitchen making a meal. 她在厨房里做饭。more(adj.)更多的(adv.)更多(adj.)更多的He has more books money than I have. 他的书钱比我的更多。(adv.)更多Youll have to be more careful next time. 你下次要更小心一点。Your health is more important than anything else. 你的健康比什么都重要。noisy(adj.)吵闹的，嘈杂的noise(U/C)n.噪音，杂音
21、noisily(adv.)吵闹地make a noise/noises吵闹a noisy engine噪声大的发动机noisy children吵闹的孩子们Cities are large and interesting but they are noisy. 城市大而有趣但很嘈杂。relax(vt./vi.)放松，休息relaxing(adj.) (物)使人放松的relaxed(adj.)(人感到)轻松自在的；放松的I just want to sit down and relax.我只想坐下来休息一下。A hot bath should help (to) relax you.洗个热水澡可
22、以帮助你放松下来。read(vt./vi.)(read/read)读，阅读，读懂reader(C)n.读者read a book/a letter读书/读信I cant read your writing.我看不懂你写的东西。She picked up the letter and read it.她拿起信读了起来。read a story to children给孩子们读故事听read the newspaper to the old给老人读报纸(听)terrible(adj.)非常讨厌的，可怕的，很糟的All kinds of terrible things could happen.一切
23、可怕的事情都可能发生。There was a terrible noise and the building fell down. 随着一阵可怕的响声，大楼倒塌了。They lived in terrible situations.他们的处境很糟糕。feel(linking v.)（人）觉得；(vt.)（人）感觉到，感受到(感官动词)用作系动词(接形容词)Mary felt tired（hungry）after work today. 今天玛丽下班后觉得累了（饿了）。I feel very well today.（可用进行时）今天我觉得非常好。Im feeling a little bette
24、r today. 我今天觉得好一些了。How are you feeling today?今天你觉得怎么样？用作实义动词(vt.)I can feel the warmth of the spring.我能感受到春天的温暖。Stop exercising if you feel any pain.要是感到疼痛就停止练习。strict(adj.)严格的，严厉的strictly(adv.)严格地，严厉地be strict with sb.对某人要求严格be strict about/in sth.对某事要求严格remember(vt.)记得，记住；想起(think of)remember to d
25、o sth.记得要做某事remember doing sth.记得做过某事Remember to take your P.E. clothes to school. 别忘了把你的运动服带到学校去。I remember seeing her somewhere. 我记得以前在哪儿见过她I cant remember her phone number. 我想不起来她的电话号码。follow(vt.)遵循，跟随follow the rules遵守规则I followed the crowd into the stadium. 我跟着人群进入运动场follow my advice听从我的建议(忠告)l
26、uck(U)n.幸运，运气(bad luck/good luck)lucky(adj.)幸运的，unlucky不幸的，倒霉的luckily(adv.)幸运地，unluckily不幸地Good luck (to you) ! = I wish you good luck! 祝你好运!What good luck!真幸运啊！(How lucky!)She had luck to win the first prize. 他很幸运，赢得了头奖。Would you like to try your luck? 你不想碰碰运气吗？keep (vt.)(kept/kept)使保持，使处于keep+宾语+宾
27、补(形容词)使处于某状态(复合宾语=宾语+宾补)Keep your room tidy.保持房间整洁。keep your hair short留短发(linking verb/系动词)保持keep quiet/fit/silent/cool保持安静/健康/沉默/冷静(vt.)保留keep sb. sth.=keep sth. for sb.给某人保留某物Will you keep a seat for me? 你能否给我留个座位？I kept his letters for years.我把他的信保留了许多年。How long can I keep the book?这本书我可以借多久？hai
28、r(U/C)n.头发，毛发 Her hair is short and dark. 她的头发又短又黑。He had his hair cut. 他 (叫人) 理了发Im starting to get a few grey hairs.我开始有白头发了。learn(vt./vi.)(learned/learned；learnt/learnt)学习，学会learner(C)n.学习者，初学者learned(adj.)有学问的，博学的learning(U)n.学问，知识learn to do sth.学习/学会做某事learn from sb.向某人学习learn from mistakes从错误中学习learnby oneself自学(teach oneself)Whats the best way to learn a language? 学习语言的最佳方法是什么？I learnt to drive when I was 17.我17岁那年学会了开车。I learned a lot from my father.(代词) 我从父亲那里学到了很多东西。6