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1、新余市2022-2023学年度上学期期末质量检测高三英语试题（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）注意事项:1 .答题前，务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡规定的位置上。2 .答选择题时，必须使用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦 干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。3 .答非选择题时，必须使用0.5毫米黑色笔迹的签字笔，将答案书写在答题卡规定的位置上。4 .所有题目必须在答题卡上作答，在试题卷上答题无效。5 .考试结束后，只将答题卡交回。第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中
2、所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What is the weather like?A Rainy.B. Sunny.C. Snowy.2. What will the woman do?A. Wash the dishes. B. Clean the toilet. C. Tidy up the books.3. Why did people vote for the woman?A. She is popular. B. She is clever. C. She is reliable.4.
3、What does the man think about engineering?A. Its difficult. B. Its interesting. C. Its boring.5. What does the man like best about the box of chocolates?A. The size.B. The amount. C. The variety.第二节（共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中 选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;
4、听完后，各 小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. What happened to Lucys sister?我们认为它们可以通过对话行为来展示这一点，比如笑、眼神、手势和说话风格。我们认为这根本不是一 个简单的问题，我们可能还需要10到20年的时间才能最终与机器人像与朋友一样随意聊天。“）”可知， Inoue认为要想与机器人像朋友一样随意聊天和对话，并不是一个简单的问题，可能还需要10到20年的时 间。由此可推知，Inoue认为对话式的人工智能是可以实现的，但需要时间，其态度是客观的。故选C项。DThe burning of coal may
5、be falling out of favor as a means of generating heat and electricity, but that doesnt mean it no longer has valuable uses. The team of King Abdullah University of Science and Technology （KAUST） is using coal fbr a new economy.The project is led by Associate Professor Andrea Fratalocchi. While readi
6、ng about challenges of ending the use of coal in power generation, Fratalocchi was struck by a novel possible use for coal. Why dont we use coal fbr seawater desalination （脱盐）？“ Fratalocchi recalls, still excited. Capable of taking in sunlight, the black mineral adds to the list of substances in dar
7、k colors serving the purpose, which the team is on a long-standing hunt for.Fralalocchi and his team began to explore the use of a material known as carbonized compressed powder （压 缩粉末），also CCP, which is created by breaking coal into powder, and then pressing that powder back into a solid that has
8、more tiny holesit can also be made into a desired shape. The team mixed CCP with natural cotton fibers, producing a block which was then placed within a seawater-containing container, with its bottom touching water surface. While sunlight heated the black surface of the block, the inside fibers help
9、ed water flow in and through the block from the bottom. When that liquid water reached the hot surface, it turned into steam which rose and condensed （冷）疑）on the inside of a specially shaped cover. That condensation then flew down the cover and was collected as fresh, drinkable water. The seawater9s
10、 salt content remained behind within the CCP. A simple wash was enough to remove most of it, so the material could be reused multiple times.KAUST has partnered with the Dutch start-up PERA Complexity to promote the technology. The material will see its first use in a pilot plant in Brazil. “CCP is a
11、bundant in nature and reasonable to use, besides being lightweight and highly changeable J says team member Marcella Bonifazi. The devices desalination rate per unit of raw material is two to three times higher than that of any other solar desalination system, but it produces fresh water at around o
12、ne-third the expense of current state-of-the-art technologies.12. What has Fratalocchi team been seeking fbr?A. Fibers functioning well with CCP.B. Green ways to desalinate seawater.C. New industrial applications of coal.D. Dark-colored materials fbr desalination.13. How did the seawater get into th
13、e CCP block?A. Through the tiny holes.B.Through CCP.C. Through cotton fibers.D.Through a special cover.14. Which feature of CCP does Marcella Bonifazi stress?A. Being eco-friendly.B.Being low-cost.C. Being efficient.D.Being flexible.15. What does the text mainly talk about?A. Drinkable water will be
14、 got from the sea.B. CCP is expected to be in real-life use soon.C. Coal finds new use in desalination technology.D. Scientists have made a breakthrough in desalination.【答案】12.D13. C 14. B 15. C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是阿卜杜拉国王科技大学（KAUST）的团队正在探索将煤用来淡化海 水这一新用途。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的 u Capable of taking in su
15、nlight, the black mineral adds to the list of substances in dark colors serving the purpose, which the team is on a long-standing hunt for.（这种黑色矿物具有吸收阳光的能力，是 该团队长期以来一直在寻找的具有吸收阳光功能的深色物质的又一项）”可知，团队一直在寻找一种深黑色 并且能脱盐的材料。故选D。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的 “The team mixed CCP with natural cotton fibers, producing a b
16、lock which was then placed within a seawater-containing container, with its bottom touching water surface. While sunlight heated the black surface of the block, the inside fibers helped water flow in and through the block from the bottom.（该团队各 CCP与天然棉纤维混合，制成一块块，然后放置在一个含有海水的容器中，其底部接触水面。当阳光加热 块的黑色表面时，
17、内部纤维帮助水从底部流入并穿过块状物）”可知，海水需要经过一个特别的纤维材料过 滤，进入容器。故选C。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段的 “CCP is abundant in nature and reasonable to use, besides being lightweight and highly changeable,says team member Marcella Bonifazi. The devices desalination rate per unit of raw material is two to three times higher than that o
18、f any other solar desalination system, but it produces fresh water at around one-third the expense of current state-of-the-art technologies.,9（ UCCP 的性质丰富，使用合理，除了 轻量级和高 度多变，”团队成员Marcella Bonifazi说。“该装置每单位原料的脱盐率比任何其他太阳能脱盐系统高两到 三倍，但它生产淡水的成本约为目前最先进技术的三分之一。“）可知，材料在自然可以轻易获取，但是 成本是现有方法的三分之一，可见强调的是低成本。故选B。
19、【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的 The team of King Abdullah University of Science and Technology （KAUST） is using coal for a new economy.（阿卜杜拉国王科技大学（KAUST）的团队正在将煤炭用于一种新经 济）”和第二段的“Why dont we use coal for seawater desalination （脱盐）?（我们为什么不用煤来淡化海水 呢？）”可知，本文主要讲的是阿卜杜拉国王科技大学（KAUST）的团队正在探索将煤用来淡化海水这一新用 途，也就是“煤在海水
20、淡化技术中找到了新用途”，即Coal fnds new use in desalination technology。故选C。第二节（共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Cloud storage is a flexible and convenient way to store data with complete peace of mind. 6 This means you can store all your digital things remotely, without taking up space
21、on your computer.There are two options available:public cloud storage allows you to share hosting space with other users; private cloud storage is the ideal choice for companies who want to have their data stored in their own environment.7 Once you have registered and set up your account, you simply
22、 save your files via the internet using your username and password. This ensures your data remains secure and inaccessible to anyone else. Should you choose, you can put certain permissions in place, which makes it easy to share your data with your colleagues or your family.When you sign up to cloud
23、 storage, you can choose the amount of space you need. 18 You can store anything digital: all your files, videos and pictures. Whether you want to use this storage solution to store your family photographs or you want to use it to store your work documentation, you will find it quite convenient.Is i
24、t better than your computer or an external drive? The answer is a definite yes. Computers crash all the time. This is the most common cause of lost work and memories.Here you also have the added risk ofmisplacing it or having it stolen. There are so many advantages to cloud computing, from the abili
25、ty to access your data from wherever, whenever, to not needing expensive external storage devices. 20 A. Cloud storage is very simple to use.B. You will find cloud storage very cheap.C. External hard drives can still break, or fail.D. It enables you to store your data on hosted servers.E. Cloud stor
26、age providers offer multiple layers of data security.F. The only disadvantage, however, is that you need internet to access files.G. You can start with a small amount and increase the storage size later on.【答案】16.D17. A 18. G 19. C 20. F【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了云存储是一种灵活、方便、完全放心的数据存储方式。它有很多优点, 但也有唯一缺点是你需要
27、互联网来访问文件。【16题详解】根据空前 u Cloud storage is a flexible and convenient way to store data with complete peace of mind. ” （云存储 是一种灵活、方便、完全放心的数据存储方式。）可知，介绍了云存储是一种存储方式。以及空后“ This means you can store all your digital things remotely, without taking up space on your computer.There are two options available:pub
28、lic cloud storage allows you to share hosting space with other users; private cloud storage is the ideal choice for companies who want to have their data stored in their own environment这意味着你可以远程存储所 有的数字物品，而不会占用电脑空间。有两种选择:公共云存储允许您与其他用户共享托管空间;私有云存储 是希望将数据存储在自己环境中的公司的理想选择。）可知，This means是指前面云储存的将数据存储在托
29、管服务器上的方式。故D项“It enables you to store your data on hosted servers.v （它使您能够将数据存储在 托管服务器上。）符合语境。it指代前面的cloud storage,故选D。【17题详解】根据空后 “ Once you have registered and set up your account, you simply save your files via the internet using your username and password. （一旦你注册并设置了你的账户，你只需使用你的用户名和密码通过互联网保 存你的文件
30、。）可知，这里解释了云存储操作简单。故A项“Cloud storage is very simple to use.”（云存储 使用起来非常简单。）符合语境。故选A。【18题详解】根据空前 “When you sign up to cloud storage, you can choose the amount of space you need. ”（当您注册云存 储时，您可以选择所需的空间量。）可知，用户可以在云存储选择空间量的大小。故G项You can start with a small amount and increase the storage size later on.（你可
31、以从少量开始，然后增加存储空间。）符合语境。 故选G。【19题详解】根据空前 “Is it better than your computer or an external drive? The answer is a definite yes. Computers crash all the time. This is the most common cause of lost work and memories. （它比你的电脑或外接硬盘好吗？答案是肯定的。电脑总是死机。这是丢失工作和记忆最常见的原因。）可知，云存储比电脑和外接硬盘好，先指出电脑缺点，后面要说外部硬盘的缺点。故C项Exte
32、rnal hard drives can still break, or（外部硬盘驱动器仍然可能损坏或失效。）符合语境。it指代前面的cloud storage,故选C。【20题详解】 中艮据空前 u There are so many advantages to cloud computing, from the ability to access your data from wherever, whenever, to not needing expensive external storage devices.（云计算有很多优点，从随时随地访问数据的能 力到不需要昂贵的外部存储设备。）
33、可知，介绍了云存储很多优点，后面要转折说出它的缺点。故F项“Theonly disadvantage, however, is that you need internet to access files.v (然而，唯一的缺点是你需要互联网来访 问文件。）符合语境。it指代前面的cloud storage,故选F。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。Desperate to help his 96-year-old mothe
34、r to speak her mother tongue again, Keith McDermott made an 21 on social media and was met with a flood of kind responses. The old 22 Ray, was moved to tears after talking on the phone with one of the 23 respondents in Welsh.Ray moved to America after meeting her husband when she was only 18,24 wavi
35、ng goodbye toher 25 in Wales. She continued to speak Welsh with her mum keeping a little bit of 26 But she lost her 27 mum four decades ago and hadnt spoken Welsh since.28 suffering from short-term memory loss and sometimes not remembering what she has done 29 Rays childhood memories in Wales remain
36、 crystal 30,“She wants to 31,but I know, 32 her age, such long-distance travel is out of the question/9 said Keith. “Once shementioned: I wish I could speak Welsh again but I 33 I never will. It was then that I thought I shouldmake her wish 34 J，So Keith, 70,35 on social media on a group called New
37、York Welsh asking for any Welshspeakers that could speak Welsh with his mum. And he was 36. as well as a little shocked, to receiveover 30 responses within half an hour. Speaking with Melisa, her (Rays) Welsh was a little rusty. A few more Welsh conversations and I think shed be 37 again J added Kei
38、th.“When you have a parent in their nineties, you will find you two have something 38: youre bothold, so I am very sympathetic to my mothers feelings of loneliness and isolation. Im feeling it myself. Keith hopes to 39 more Welsh phone conversations fbr his mum and Melisa has promised to send Ray so
39、me short stories in Welsh to 40 her of her life in Wales.21. A. apologyB. indicationC. appealD. assignment22. A. gentlemanB. ladyC. travelerD. explorer23. A. lonelyB.seniorC. originalD. enthusiastic24. A. thusB. soC. andD. instead25. A. relativesB. friendsC. lifeD. tongue26. A. homeB.hopeC. tensionD
40、. similarity27. A. superbB. lovelyC. belovedD. homesick28. A. Due toB. As forC. Apart fromD. In spite of29. A. beforeB. randomlyC. recentlyD. gradually30. A. clearB. blueC. fadedD. fragile31. A. talkB. leaveC. returnD. quit32. A. neglectingB. givenC. assumingD. remembering33. A. spotB. decideC. supp
41、oseD. promise34. A. launchB. realizeC. abolishD. happen35. A. postedB. searchedC. mentionedD. linked36. A. puzzledB. embarrassedC. touchedD. fascinated37. A. passionateB. stableC. casualD. fluent38. A. in troubleB. in commonC. in generalD. in vain39. A. set upB. take upC. make upD. bring up40. A. cu
42、reB. remindC. accuseD. inform【答案】21. C 22. B23. D 24. A25. C 26. A 27. C28. D 29. C 30. A 31.C 32. B 33. C34. D 35. A36. C 37. D 38. B39. A 40. B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。这篇文章主要讲了 Keith McDermott急切地想帮助96岁的母亲再次说母语，在社交媒体上发出了呼吁，得到了大量善意的回应的故事。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Keith McDermott急切地想帮助96岁的母亲再次说母语，在社交媒体上发出了呼 吁，得到了大量善
43、意的回应。A. apology道歉；B. indication暗示；C.appeal呼吁;D.assignment任务。根 据句意，可知Keith在社交媒体发布的内容得到了大量的回应，固定搭配make an appeal意为“呼吁”，故 选C。【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位名叫Ray的老太太在与其中一位热情的威尔士受访者通电话后，感动地流 下了 眼泪。A. gentleman 绅士; B. lady 女士； C. traveler 游客；D. explorer 探险家。根据上文 Desperate to help his 96-year-old mother to speak h
44、er mother tongue again, Keith McDermott made an appeal on social media and was met with a flood of kind responses”可知,这位96岁的老人是一位女性，故选B。【23题详解】考查形容词和名词词义辨析。句意：这位名叫Ray的老太太在与其中一位热情的威尔士受访者通电话后， 感动地流下了眼泪。A. lonely孤独的；B. senior年长的；C. original最初的；D. enthusiastic热情的。依据上 文 u Desperate to help his 96-year-old
45、 mother to speak her mother tongue again, Keith McDermott made an appeal on social media and was met with a flood of kind responses v 可知，Keith 在社交媒体发布的内容得到了 大量的 回应，所以是热情的回应者。故选D。【24题详解】考查副词和连词词义辨析。Ray在18岁的时候遇到了她的丈夫，于是她搬去了美国，也因此告别了她在威 尔土的生活。A. thus这样，因此；B.so所以；C.and并且；D. instead而非。结合句意表示“因此”用副词 thuso
46、 故选 A。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Ray在18岁的时候遇到了她的丈夫，于是她搬去了美国，也因此告别了她在威 尔士的生活。A. relatives亲戚；B. friends朋友们；C.life生活；D. tongue舌头。根据句子含义，在18岁遇 到丈夫后，她搬去了美国，所以是告别了在威尔士的生活。故选C。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她继续和母亲说威尔士语，保持一点家的感觉。A. home家；B. hope希望；C. tension 紧张；D. similarity 相似之处。由上文 “ Ray moved to America after meeting her hu
47、sband when she was only 18, hence waving goodbye to her life in Wales.”可知，她在遇见丈夫后搬去了美国生活，所以和母亲用威尔士语 交谈成为了唯一能保持家的感觉的来源。故选A。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:但40年前她失去了深爱的母亲，从那以后她就再也不会说威尔士语了。A. superb 极佳的，一流的；B. lovely可爱的；C.beloved挚爱的，深爱的；D. homesick想家的。根据“mum”和常识 可知，是深深爱着的母亲。故选C。【28题详解】 考查介词及短语词义辨析。句意：尽管患有短期记忆丧失，有时
48、不记得她最近做了什么。Ray在威尔士的童年记忆依然清晰。A. Due to由于；B. As for关于，至于；C.Apart from除外；D. In spite of即使，尽管。由下文“Ray9s childhood memories in Wales remain crystal 10 可知，她对童年记忆很清楚，但她患有短期记忆缺失，所以有时不记得她做过什么。该处表示让步，故选D。【29题详解】考查副词和介词词义辨析。句意：尽管患有短期记忆丧失，有时不记得她最近做了什么。Ray在威尔士的童 年记忆依然清晰。A. before在之前;B.randomly随机地;C. recently最近；D. gradually逐渐。根据usuffering from short-term memory loss”和常识可知，患有短期记忆丧失记不起最近发生的事情。故选Co 【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管患有短期记忆丧失，有时不记得她最近做了什么。Ray在威尔士的童年记 忆依然清晰。A. clear清楚的；B. blue低落的；C.