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1、高三英语精品复习资料：英语短文改错短文改错是一项主要测试考生的判断能力，观察能力、纠错能力语言基础知识及语言的综合 运用能力。短文改错的趋势：1 .改错短文以记叙文和说明文为主。2 .文章内容贴近学生生活，没有生僻词汇和更杂的结构，文章简单易懂，错误设置也很 简单，多为学生平常作文中常出现的错误。3 .短文一般100词左右，错误有9处。4 .常见错有三种:错词、多词、缺词。错词占60%左右【错误类型】1.错词2.多词3.缺词4.正错错词多词缺词正错全国卷I7111全国卷II7111陕西卷I6211【考点透视】一.错词的热点1 .动词一时态语态非谓语：主谓关系。2 .联系词一关系代词和关系副词；
2、连词；连接词。3 .名词一可数名词、不可数名词，可数名字的单复数变化。4 .介词一介词和动词的搭配错误。5 .形容词/副词一词类错用。6 .冠词一定冠词和不定冠词的错用。7 .代词一人称代词；物主代词；反身代词。8 .惯用法一固定句型，固定短语。二.多词和缺词热点1 .冠词2 .介词3 .副词4 .代词5 .关联词6 .小品词to【短文改错主要特点】.语言材料取自于学生的习作。1 .短文为贴近学生生活的话题或学生身边事。2 .短文难度符合学生水平。3 .语言简单易懂。5,没有生僻的语言现象或繁难的语句结构。【例题解析】一.错词I.动词错误：has a very big schoolyard.Y
3、ou can live in the school right or near the school.They have all sorts of course. courses Im sure you will find one you like it.I know you it are particular interested in human rights.So I will particularly see that there is anything on their website /whetherI will send my friend Charlie meet you at
4、 the airport 【o when you arrived.You met him a few years ago, but he arrive has changed a lot since then.Both your aunt or 1 look and forward to seeing you again.Key 7Dear Ralph,Pm a senior student. I have be in love with a boy1 beenfor three years.But he is a shy boy, so I wrote him a letter firstl
5、y2. firstto express my feeling. And he wrote back. In his letter 3. feelings he said, We are students. Our task is study. Let us wait 4. to/studying to see until wc have any chance after graduation. So 5. if / whetherafter graduation I called to him, asking him about6. togo out. But he said he didnt
6、 want to. He just7. goingwanted to sleep and watched TV.8. watchWhat do you think I should do? Do you think9. 7I should continue to love him and give up?10 . orSheilaKey 85. as-like5. as-like1. so and 2. the coming 3. grew- grow 4. rightfallen-falling7. I-They 8. Key 91 advices -advice 2 andbut righ
7、t 9 off -on 10 what -how Key 101.去掉 lhe2. thatwhich 3.fallen-falling7. I-They 8. Key 91 advices -advice 2 andbut right 9 off -on 10 what -how Key 101.去掉 lhe2. thatwhich 3.去掉 more 9. WhileWhen lO.immediate-immediately3of 4 called -call 5 worry-worried 6 good -well 7 either -too 8her-their4. wasis 5.
8、fallsfall 6. minutesminute 7. manymuch 8.去掉 it 9 lead 后加 to 10. TKey 111. Easyeasier 2. (one)-ones 3. It-They 4. picks-pick 5. right 6. Schoolmate-schoolmatesto lcarn93. or-and 9.not-no 10. What-HowKey 12many-much 2) were-are 3) make - making 4) sometime-sometinies 5) right 6) which - ihat 7)去掉(he8)
9、 but and 9) think 后力口 aboullO) lislen 前加 toKey 13Lana 2 and-but 3 fortunatelyfortunate 4 givegave 5to buy 6.shehe 7how-what8thehelpful.9 assistant - assistants 10 rightKey 141.1 n (he science -in science2.much-many 3.hoping to 4.peacefully-peacful5.successsuccessful 6.kind-kinds 7.like-as 8 right 9
10、hard-harder 10 去掉 withKey 151 iswas 2 Late-later 3.herhis 4.writewrote 5 workworks 6.writer-writers7.the-a 8.right 9 tointo 10.loved(I) 时态和语态、主谓一致的错误。11整体时态：*Thcn I ask him “Grandma, how come you have so much lines on your hand 全文为故事，故ask改为asked。* High over the water, they discover a hole in the bal
11、loon.The hole became bigger and bigger.全篇使用过去时态，故改discover- -discovered2主谓一致Having fun with their friends make them happy.动名词短语做主语，谓语动词用单数形式makes。*But the most wonderful thing about jack were his musical ability。主语为 the mosl wonderful ihing 故此，系词为 was*But not all information are good to society.主语不可
12、数，所以动词用is。(2.)动词错误：*In American big cities, thousands sell tickets to watch football or basketball games.(buy)根据句子意思，数千人买票去看比赛。故sell改为buyo(3)非谓语动词11动名词错误1 am looking forward to see all of you again in the near future.(seeing)解析：to为介词，故此see改为seeing* Not only play football makes us grow up tall and st
13、rong but also gives us a sense of fair play and team spirit.解析：主语应为动名词，故play football改为playing football2现在分词The air keeps the balloon up was escaping quickly and the balloon was coming down.解析：分词做定语，故keeps改为keeping1 found a small house standing in a field with a light shone from the sitting room.解析:
14、with a light shone 改为 with a light shininga a light 和 shining 为主动关系。3不定式1 just want to thank you for helping me becoming a different person.(become)解析：help sb do sth 故改 becoming 为 becomeHe did not want share things with others.解析:want to share sth. want后可跟不定式做宾语。4过去分词1 have some records giving to me
15、 as birthday gifts.解析：have sth done, some records 和 give 是被动关系，故改为 given。2 .连词错误：* 1 came into the living room and saw one of them just go through the kitchen door but turn on the light.解析：根据句意，“我看到他们中的一个人走进厨房，并且打开灯两个分句子之间是并 列关系。故改but为andWe would return at night to hear that hed picked up from the r
16、adio in the day.解析：考查宾语从句，pick up缺宾语，故改that为whatThe classes helped me understand what the world works解析：根据句子意思，“这些课程有助于我了解世界是怎么运转的故改what为how。*He was silent for a moment. So he answered slowly: Each of these lines stands for a trouble” 解析：根据句子意思，So改为Then/And.形容词/副词错用：*You always gave me specially att
17、ention.解析：名词应该被形容词special修饰。*It is real a good chance to have met all of you here.解析：副词really修饰系词，故改real为reallyo*My hometown has taken on a new look.How great it has changed !解析：great修饰动词，故改为：greatly.冠词错误：This is my first visit to a American family.(an)解析：American第一个音标的音素是元音，故用an.*Each player must o
18、bey captain, who is the leader of the team.解析：有定语修饰，the特指caplain.Suddenly, I caught a sight of my English teacher in the crowd.解析：固定搭配catch sight of.故此去掉冠词a。3 .代词错误：1 J反身代词*1 just smiled (o me and thought, .解析：主语和宾语相同，故此memyself。2形容词性物主代词Besides, the foreign teachers here work hard and try his best
19、to make the activities lively and interesting.(his -their)解析：主语是笫三人称复数，因此try ones best3 it/that/them /us*1 thought that was dull to watch a game in which players kicked a ball to each other.解析：that不可以做形式主语，故改为it。*It was about noon when we arrived at the foot of the mountain.The three of them were ve
20、ry excited.前后人称错误。故此改them为us.6 .名词单复数和名词的所有格的错误*She marked strictly on students performance.(students)解析：根据句意，学生们的表演，故改为siudentsperformance*Physics is one of (he most difficult subject for us (subjects ) 解析：one of说明后面为复数形式。*We practice three times every week and often watch football match on TV toge
21、ther.解析：常常看比赛，故此match改为matches.* I have no papers to write on.解析：纸不可数，所以改为paper.介词错误* He left Shanghai at a cold night.解析：一天的部分被修饰时，介词用on,1 am a new comer of a small town.解析：根据句子意思，来自一个小镇conic from a small town.* I was caught by the rain last night解析：固定短语be caught in the rain遇上雨。8.语意错误*Thousands sel
22、l tickets to watch football or basketball games.解析：句子意思：数千人卖掉票去看足球或者篮球比赛。故此错误，sellbuy*Not all people like to work and everyone like to play.解析：句子意思：并非所有的人都喜欢工作，并且所有的人喜欢玩。语意错误，应该为转 折关系，and一but二多余词多词一般为：冠词/连词/介词/系词be助词等。1连词多余:町hey did not want breakfast because that they were going out early in the mo
23、rning.解析：连词多余，故此去掉(that),原句是状语从句。2介词多余：*The crowd waiting for to greet them in England was very surprised.(for)解析：没有宾语，所以去掉for。3冠词多余：Suddenly I caught a sight of my English teacher in the crowd.解析：固定短语，catch sight of:偶然看见。1系词/助词多余：*My mother was asked : Have you taken medicine ?”解析：根据句意，是妈妈问：故为主动语态。
24、三：缺词缺词一般为：冠词/连词/介词/系词he助词/1缺介词*He was looking for a glass Athe cupboard (in)解析：根据句意，in ihe cupboard做状语。2缺冠词*However, the popular teacher is atA same time the one who should be strict with students.(the) 解析：形容词same和the搭配使用，故给same前加the。3缺连接词*In one class, I leamedA it rained (why)解析：根据句子意思可知，缺连接词，句意为：
25、“在一节课上，我知道了下雨的原因”。4缺系词*What Ayour favorite sport ? (is)解析：句子中缺系词,在What加is.【专题训练与高考预测】此题要求改正所给短文中的错误对标有题号的每一行做出判断，如无错误，在刻行右边横 线上画一个勾(V)；如有错误(每行只有一个错误)，则按下列情况改正；该行多一个词： 把多余的词用斜线()划掉，在该行在边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉。该行缺一词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(),在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。该行错一个词：在错的词下面划一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词注意：原行没能错的不要改Passage IMiss China
26、Guan Qi, a 21 -years-old college student from Jilin1.Province, had won the Miss China beauty pageant2.in Sanya, Hainan Province, on September 21.3.Besides judged on their looks, the 32 competitors4.were tested on their write ability, English skills,5.team-work and generally knowledge. Miss Guan Qi6.
27、impressed the judges who present with her excellent7.replies during the question or answer section. She will8.represent（代表）Chinese in the final of Miss World9.to be holding in Sanya on December 6.10.Passage 2Today I showed some foreign friend around our city.l.Wc started off in car from the Friendsh
28、ip Hotel at 8:00 a. in. 2. We first got to Jinshan Park. We are all struck by its3.beautiful flowers on show. Then, we visited the City Museum.4.We saw plenty of valuable things, from that we learned a lot5.about the city. After that, they drove to Jinshan Temple. That is6.a beautiful place of inter
29、est in our city, but there we enjoyed 7. the wonderfully scenery of the sea. We had a delicious lunch at the 8. seafood Restaurant and we returned back at noon.All the foreign 9. friends were pleased with my arrangement. We did have the 10 wonderful time today.Passage 3Dear Mr. Brown,I am writing to
30、 thank you with your kind help. 1 Before you came to teach us, I had notjnterest in 2 English.My pronunciation was terribly.! could 3 only speak a few words.But one and a half year later, 4 I now think English fun to learn.I got a lot from your 5 encouraging words.I will always remember what you 6.
31、said, If you try to, you can be No 1 ! ” I hope youve 7 had pleasant journey home and will come to china 8 again sometimes in the future.I will write again 9 and send you the photos we take together 10 passage 4There arc advantage for students to work while 1Studying at school.One of them was that 2
32、 they can earn money.For the most part,3students working to earn money for （heir own 4 use.Earning their own money allow them 5(o spend on anything as if they please. 6_ they would have to ask their parents for 7 money or for permission to do things by 8 (he money.Some students may also to save 9 up
33、 for our college or future use.10passage 5 Dear Mr. Brown,I am writing to thank you with your kind help. 1Before you came (o teach us, I had not interest in 2 English.My pronunciation was terribly.I could3only speak a few words.Bui one and a half year later, 4 I now think English fun to learn.I got
34、a lot from your 5encouraging words.I will always remember what you 6 said, “If you try to, you can be No 1 !” I hope youve had pleasant journey home and will come to china again sometimes in the future.I will write again 9 and send you the photos we take together 10 passage 6Dear Anish,Here are (he
35、infbrmaiion about Manchester University 1.It is about 200 miles far away from London and it 2 has a very big schoolyard.You can live in the school 3 or near the school.They have all sorts of course.4Im sure you will find one you like it.I know you 5are particular interested in human rights.So I will
36、 6 see that there is anything on their website 7I will send my friend Charlie meet you at the airport 8 when you arrived.You met him a few years ago, but he 9has changed a lot since then.Both your aunt or I look 10fonvard to seeing you again.passage 7Dear Ralph,I,m a senior student. 1 have be in lov
37、e with a boy1fbr three years.But he is a shy boy, so I wrote him a letter firstly2.to express my feeling. And he wrote back. In his letter3he said, uWe are students. Our task is study. Let us wait4to see until we have any chance after graduation.n So5. after graduation I called to him, asking him ab
38、out6.go out. But he said he didnt want to. He just7. wanted to sleep and watched TV.8. What do you think I should do? Do you think9.I should continue to love him and give up?10SheilaPassage 8My hometown is a pretty city, so people there arc kind and polite. With coming of spring, grass and trees tur
39、n green, and Howers grew in many colors. In summer, the sea under the blue sky is even more beautiful.After autumn arrives, the city looks as an old man with leaves fallen from the trees.In winter, a lot of white birds come to my city for food.I can wait more patiently above the sea for quite a long
40、 time.While they find fish coming to the surface, they fly down immediate and catch (hem without delay.That is my city, and I love it so much.passage 9 Dear doctor,My name is Wang Lin. Im a middle school student.I have a problem and Tm writing to ask you fbr some advices.Pm just 1.57 meters high, an
41、d my weight is 71 kilos.Many Students often make fun me.Some boys are unfriendly to me. They called me “ Meat Ball”. That makes me feel unhappy. Im now worry about my weight. Though I am a bit too fat, I feel rather good. I enjoy my meals. I love eating meat very much. And I like sweet food, either.
42、 I often have sugar with tea, milk, porridge, and even hot water. In the past two months I have put of15 kilos. Tm worried about (his problem, but I dont know what to lose weight quickly. Please help me, dear doctor! I hope to hear from you as soon as possible. With best wishes,1.2.345.6.7.8.9.10.3.
43、4.3411.12.13.14.15.16.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10Wang LinPassage 10Women, present and ancient, a( (he home and I. abroad,wear long hairjhat adds to their beauty. But few 2. people realize it affects her brains. Hair grows constantly. 3. It takes in nourishment营养)constantly. If it was short 4. of nourishmen
44、t,itll die and falls off. Body supplies hair with 5. nourishment.it cant be stopped even in a minutes. If it takes in 6. too many,that means hair has already used too much 7. nourishment which body gives it to the head. As time passes, 8. brain is relatively short of nourishment. It leads dizziness
45、9. (头昏).Therefore ones brains will be weakened. 10. Passage 11Its easy to go downhill than to climb uphill： so its 1. easier to fall into bad habits than into good one 2. Bad habits dont conic suddenly. It come little by 3. little. Schoolboys first picks up a little in school and on 4. the streets.
46、When they cannot write their homework, they 5. copy from their schoolmate. If they see bigger boys 6. smoking, they also want learn to smoke. When they 7. get bigger, the habits become stronger or 8. stronger, so that they can not longer get rid of 9. them. What necessary it is that we get rid of th
47、e bad 10. habits in the beginning!Passage 12Fred and I havent many in common. I sometimes 1.wonder why we were friends at all. Fred is2.always busy make things. Everything he makes is 3.so perfect that I sometime feel envy at his skill. 4.My trouble is that Pm one of those lazy people.5.Outside my work at the office, the only thing which 6.interests me is listening to the music. I have a 7.big collection of records but all day long the 8.only thing I can think is when Im going to 9.get home listen to a new piece.10.passage