《高考英语提分中国传统文化考点素材.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《高考英语提分中国传统文化考点素材.docx（42页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、高考英语提分中国传统文化考点素材传统文化热潮下，我们在英语备考过程中要对传统文化深层理解。本文 总结了 16个传统文化考点素材。一长城(The Great Wall )The Great Wall is one of the wonders of the world that created by human beings! If you come to China without climbing the Great Wall, ifs just like going Paris without visiting the Eiffel Tower; or going to Egypt wit
2、hout visiting the Pyramids! Men often say, nHe who doest not reach the Great Wall is not a true man.Hln fact, it began as independent walls for different states when it was first built, and did not become the Great Wall* until the Qin Dynasty. However, the wall we see today, starting from Shanhaigua
3、n Pass in the east to Jiayunguan Pass in the west, was mostly built during the Ming Dynasty.长城是人类创造的世界奇迹之一。如果你到了中国却没去过长城，就想 到了巴黎没有去看看菲尔铁塔，或者就像到了埃及没有去看金字塔一样。人 们常说：“不到长城非好汉。”实际上，长城最初只是一些断断续续的城墙, 直到秦朝统一中国后才将其连城长城。然而，今天我们看到的长城一一东起 山海关，西至嘉峪关大局部都是在明代修建的。trade, exchange and communication. From then on, Chi
4、nas silk became well known for its extraordinary quality, exquisite design and color, and abundant culture connotations. Hitherto, Chinese silk has been accepted as a symbol of Chinese culture and the emissary of oriental civilization.中国是丝绸的故乡。栽桑、养蚕、缭丝、织绸是中国古代人民的伟大发 明。商周时期丝绸的生产技术就已开展到相当高的水平。西汉时张骞通西域
5、, 把中原与波斯湾、地中海紧密联系起来，开辟了中外交流贸易的新纪元。从 此中国的丝绸以其卓越的品质、精美的花色和丰富的文化内涵闻名于世，成 为中国文化的象征。东方文明的使者。十三.中国园林(Chinese Classical Garden )The Chinese classical garden is a precious treasure of our ancient Chinese architecture. It is a kind of environment art, which systematically combines artificial mountains and ri
6、vers, plants and buildings with the natural landscape. The construction standard of a Chinese classical garden is artificial as it is, the garden must look ingenious and natural. When you go sightseeing in a Chinese classical garden, you should be able to appreciate its artistic concept which “makes
7、 use of the natural landscape to create the real fun of mountains and rivers for viewers.Of the worlds three major garden systems, the Chinese classical garden is hailed as one of the origins of the worlds garden due to its long history and abundant connotations.中国园林是把人造的山水、植物、建筑等与自然地貌有机结合的环境艺 术，是我国
8、古代建筑艺术的珍宝。其建造原那么是“妙极自然，宛自天开”。游 赏中国古典园林，能充分领略“假自然之景，创山水真趣”的园林意境。在世 界三大园林体系中，中国园林历史悠久、内涵丰富，被誉为世界造园史上的 渊源之一。十四.文房四宝(The Four Treasures of the Study )The writing brush, ink stick, ink stone, and paper were requisite treasures in the study of the scholars of ancient China, and they are often referred to
9、as the Tour Treasures of the Study.” The writing brush and ink stick have been used by the Chinese to write and paint since 5,000 years ago. In the Qin Dynasty (221 BC206BC), people already used feathers of different hardness and bamboo trunks to make brushes. During the Han Dynasty (206BC-220AD), m
10、an-made ink was used instead of natural ink. After paper was invented by the Chinese, bamboo slips, wooden tablets, brocade and silk, which originally functioned as writing surfaces, gradually faded out. The ink stone was first developed with the use of writing brushes and ink. After the Song Dynast
11、y (960AD 1279AD), the Tour Treasure of the Study particularly referred to hubi, the writing brush produced in Huzhou, Zhejiang province; huimo, the ink stick produced in Huizhou, Anhui province; xuan paper, a kind of paper produced in Xuanzhou, Anhui province; and duanyan, the ink stone made in Zhao
12、qing, Guangdong province (Zhaoqing was earlier called Duanzhou). Indeed, the Four Treasures of the Study“ have writtin the whole Chinese civilization, as it is.笔墨纸砚是中国古代文人书房当中必备的宝贝，被称为“文房四宝”。用 笔墨书写绘画在中国可追溯到五千年前。秦时已用不同硬度的毛和竹管制笔；汉代以人工制墨替代了天然墨；有了纸张以后，简牍锦帛逐失其用；砚台那么随笔墨的使用而开展。“文房四宝”到宋朝以后特指湖笔、徽墨、宣纸、端砚。可以说文
13、房端砚。可以说文房E1!宝书写了整个中华文明。十五.中国印章(Chinese Seal )A seal can also be defined as a stamp. Both the Chinese official and private seal of various dynasties have different titles, such as stamp, zhu note, contract, fu, lease and others. The seals used by the emperors of ancient China were called xi5 yin, bao
14、, etc. According to historical records, seals were widely used during the Warring States Period (475BC-221 BC). The making of a seal is to engrave fonts, such as seal characters and official script and so on; or images in the form of intaglio and embossment into the seal, basically shaped as round o
15、r square. Covered with a vermilion overlay, the Chinese seal is not only used in daily life, but it is also used to represent signatures on paintings and calligraphies. It is gradually becoming one of Chinas unique artworks.印章就是图章。中国历代官、私所用的印章有印信、朱记、合同、符、 契等等不同的称谓，而帝王所用的印章古时称玺、El、宝、章等。据史料记 载，印章在战国时代
16、已普遍使用。印章的制作是将篆隶等字体、图像用阴、 阳的形式雕刻而成，形状以圆、方为主。印章用朱色 铃盖，除日常应用外， 又多用于书画题识，逐渐成为中国特有的艺术形式之一。十六.天干地支(Chinese Era )The Chinese era is the symbol that the Chinese calendar uses for recording and naming years. The ten Heavenly Stems are: jia, yi, bing, ding, wu, ji, geng, xin, ren, gui. The twelve Earthly Bran
17、ches are: zi.chou, yin, mou, chen, si, wu, wei, shen, you, xu, hai. After observing the lunar month, the ancients found that the moon always wazes and wanes roughly 12 times a year, and two lunar months account for about 60 days, so the order of the ten Heavenly Stems and the order of the twelve Ear
18、thly Branches are properly matched in turn. In terms of recording date, 60 years is considered to be a full time cycle. The Chinese era chronology was first invented in ancient times and is still in use now.天干地支是中国历法中用以记录和命名年岁的方法。十天干为：甲、乙、 丙、丁、戊、已、庚、辛、壬、癸；十二地支为：子、丑、寅、卯、辰、巳、 午、未、申、酉、戊、亥。古人观测朔望月，发现月亮圆
19、缺12次大体上是 一年的天数，而两个朔望月约是60天。古人以十天干与十二地支的顺序依 次相配，记录不同年份，60年为一个轮回。干支纪年法从古沿用至今。传统文化在高考英语写作中的表达暨备考策略1.国学经典【典型试题】假定你是李华，你的美国笔友Mike来信向你询问汉语成语“携苗助长” 的含义。请你根据下面的汉语提示用英语给Mike写一封回信，向其解释该成语的由来和意义。宋人有闵其苗之不长而携之者，芒芒然归，谓其人日，“今日病矣,予助苗长矣。”其子趋而往视之，苗那么槁矣。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。【考场审题】Step 1:精准审题谋篇布局人称l(Li Hua)时态一
20、般现在时，一般过去时段落布局开头点题：很高兴Mike喜欢中国文学 主体段落：讲解成语故事及所含的意义 结尾：期待对方回信Step 2:头脑风暴字字珠玉美词：feel proud, be anxious about, all at once(2)佳句：I feel proud knowing your interest in Chinese literature.Without doubt, all of the seedlings dried up and died.Step 3:斟酌词句妙笔生花要点1：知道你对中国文学感兴趣，我很骄傲。一般表达：I feel proud that you a
21、re interested in Chinese literature.句式升级：（变换词性，简化句式）I feel proud knowing your interest in Chinese literature.要点2:毫无疑问，所有的小苗都干枯死掉了。一般表达：Theres no doubt that all of the seedlings dried up and died.句式升级（介词短语，简化句式）Without doubt, all of the seedlings dried up and died.Step 4:衔接过渡斐然成篇Dear Mike,lt5s great
22、to hear from you. I feel proud knowing your interest in Chinese literature.The set phrase you asked me means trying to help seedlings grow by pulling them up. There is a story behind it. A man in the Song State was so anxious about the slow growth of his seedlings that he pulled them upward one by o
23、ne to help the seedlings grow much taller all at once. Without doubt, all of the seedlings dried up and died. This set phrase means that growing against the law of development in things and being over-anxious for quick results will make things worse.Looking forward to hearing from you.Yours, Li Hua2
24、.书法艺术【典型试题】假设你是李华，在美国孔子学院的笔友Jack对汉字毛笔书法非常感兴趣，写信向你咨询学习毛笔书法的建议。请你用英语回一封信，内容包括:1 .学习毛笔书法的必备工具;.你认为学好毛笔书法的有效方式；2 .学好毛笔书法的好处。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：书法 calligraphy 毛笔 writing brush 砚台 ink stone【考场审题】Step 1:精准审题谋篇布局Step 2:头脑风暴字字珠玉人称第一人称(I);第二人称(you)时态一般现在时段落 布局开头点题：很高兴告诉他如何学习中国书法 主体段落：学习中国书法的方法
25、及好处 结尾：希望他能亲自来中国欣赏中国书法艺术美词:essential, benefit, cultivate, purify, step by step, do good to(2)佳句：As we all know, the four treasures of the study are writing brush, ink, paper and ink stone, which are essential to learn Chinese calligraphy.Not only does it do good to health, but also it can cultivate
26、morality and purify our souls.Step 3:斟酌词句妙笔生花要点1:我们都知道，文房四宝是毛笔、墨水、纸和砚台，这对学习中国书法很重要。As we all know, the four treasures of the study are writing brush, ink, paper and ink stone and they are important to learn Chinese calligraphy.句式升级（非限制性定语从句，高级词汇）As we all know, the four treasures of the study are wr
27、iting brush, ink, paper and ink stone, which are essential to leam Chinese calligraphy.要点2:它不仅对我们的健康有益，还能培养我们的品德，净化我们的 灵魂。It not only does good to health, but it can also cultivate morality and purify our souls.句式升级（倒装句式）Not only does it do good to health, but also it can cultivate morality and puri
28、fy our souls.Step 4:衔接过渡斐然成篇Dear Jack,Knowing youre interested in Chinese calligraphy, Im writing to tell you how to learn Chinese calligraphy.As we all know, the four treasures of the study are writing brush, ink, paper and ink stone, which are essential to learn Chinese calligraphy. As to the way
29、to learn it, I think, for one thing, you may study the basic structure of each Chinese character step by step; for another, choosing a good model book to copy is of great benefit to you. Chinese calligraphy is a fine art of the excellent traditional cultures in China. Not only does it do good to hea
30、lth, but also it can cultivate morality and purify our souls.Hoping you can come to China to enjoy it personally.Yours,Li Hua3.中国戏曲【典型试题】假定你是李华，你想邀请在中国留学的英国好友Peter观看京剧表演，但Peter不在家，你给他写张留言条，内容包括：1 .你到Peter家的目的;.介绍京剧；2 .再约时间观看。注意：1.词数80左右；.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：quintessence精华,精粹；ornate华丽的【考场审题】Step 1:精
31、准审题谋篇布局人称第一人称；第二人称时态主要用一般现在时，一般将来时段落 布局开头点题：请Peter看京剧 主体段落：简要介绍京剧 结尾：再次衷心邀请Step 2:头脑风暴字字珠玉(1)美词：perform, various, sincerely, with a history of, beconsidered as, in advance(2)佳句：（DWith a history of nearly 200 years, Beijing Opera is a form of traditional Chinese theatre, which is considered as the qu
32、intessence of Chinese culture.The performers in ornate costume perform various stories that happened in history to audience by singing, dance and motions.Step 3:斟酌词句妙笔生花要点1：京剧作为中国传统戏曲的一种形式，有着近200年的历史，被 认为是中国传统文化的精华。一般表达：Beijing Opera is a form of traditional Chinese theatre. It has a history of near
33、ly 200 years and it is considered as the quintessence of Chinese culture.句式升级（介词短语，定语从句）With a history of nearly 200 years, Beijing Opera is a form of traditional Chinese theatre, which is considered as the Quintessence of Chinese culture.要点2:表演者身着华丽的服装，通过唱、跳和其他动作向观众表演 历史故事。一般表达：The performers wear
34、ornate costume and sing, dance and motion to perform various history stories to audience.句式升级（介词短语作定语、作状语，定语从句）The performers in ornate costume perform various stories that happened in history to audience by singing, dance and motions.Step 4:衔接过渡斐然成篇Dear Peter,二饺子(Dumplings )Dumplings are one of the
35、 Chinese peoples favorite traditional dishes. According to an ancient Chinese legend, dumplings were first made by the medical saint-Zhang Zhongjing. There are three steps involved in making dumplings: 1) make dumpling wrappers out of dumpling flour; 2) prepare the dumpling stuffing; 3) make dumplin
36、gs and boil them. With thin and elastic dough skin, fresh and tender stuffing, delicious taste, and unique shapes, dumplings are worth eating hundreds of times. Theres an old saying that claims, uNothing could be more delicious than dumplings”. During the Spring Festival and other holidays, or when
37、treating relatives and friends, Chinese people like to follow the auspicious custom of eating dumplings. To Chinese people who show high reverence for family love, having dumplings at the moment the old year is replaced by the new is an essential part of bidding farewell to the old and ushering in t
38、he new year.饺子是深受中国人民喜爰的传统食品。相传为古代医圣张仲景创造。饺子的制作是包括：1 )擀皮、2 )备馅、3 )包馅水煮三个步骤。其特点 是皮薄馅嫩，味道鲜美，形状独特，百食不厌。民间有“好吃不过饺子”的俗 语。中国人接亲待客、逢年过节都有包饺子吃的习俗，寓意吉利。对崇尚亲 情的中国人来说，“更岁交子”吃饺子，更是欢度除夕、辞旧迎新必不可少的 内容。三.筷子(Chinese Chopsticks )The Chinese way of eating with chopsticks is unique in the world. The recorded history of
39、 chopsticks started more than three thousand yearsI came to see you but you were out. Id like to invite you to see Beijing Opera with me next week, since you have always wanted to know more about Chinese culture since the first day to China.With a history of nearly 200 years, Beijing Opera is a form
40、 of traditional Chinese theatre, which is considered as the quintessence of Chinese culture. The performers in ornate costume perform various stories that happened in history to audience by singing, dance and motions. Please let me know when you will be free and I will buy the tickets in advance.I s
41、incerely hope that you can accept my invitation and Im sure you5ll enjoy it.Yours, Li Hua4.传统节日【典型试题】假定你是李华，你所在的社区将举行一场元宵节游园活动 (Garden Activity)。请你代表社区委员会给住在本社区的外教Smith夫妇发 一封英文邀请函。内容包括：1 .活动时间：农历正月十五晚上6点至10点；.活动地点：公园；2 .活动内容：赏花灯、猜灯谜、欣赏文艺表演等。注意：1.词数80左右；.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。【考场审题】Step 1:精准审题谋篇布局人称主要用第一人称
42、时态一般现在时，一般将来时段落布局开头点题：与信目的：邀请参加兀宵节活动主体段落：简要介绍元宵节及其活动结尾：期待回复Step 2:头脑风暴字字珠玉(1)美词：admire, various, performances, on behalf of(2M圭句：The activity is going to be held in the park from 6: 00 pm to 10: 00 pm, when we will admire the beautiful lanterns, guess lantern riddles and enjoy various and interestin
43、g performances.Step 3:斟酌词句妙笔生花要点：活动将于下午6点至10点在公园举行，期间我们会欣赏花灯, 猜灯谜并欣赏各种各样的有趣的表演。般表达:The activity is going to be held in the park from 6: 00 pm to 10: 00 pm. During that time, we will admire the beautiful lanterns, guess lantern riddles and enjoy various and interesting performances.句式升级(定语从句)The acti
44、vity is going to be held in the park from 6: 00 pm to 10: 00 pm5 when we will admire the beautiful lanterns, guess lantern riddles and enjoy various and interesting performances.Step 4:衔接过渡斐然成篇Dear Mr & Mrs Smith,Im writing on behalf of our community to invite you to join us in the Garden Activity f
45、or the Lantern Festival on January 15 of the Chinese lunar year.The Lantern Festival is a traditional Chinese festival to celebrate the first full moon night in a lunar new year. The activity is going to be held in the park from 6: 00 pm to 10: 00 pm, when we will admire the beautiful lanterns, gues
46、s lantern riddles and enjoy various and interesting performances.It will be a great pleasure if you come and have fun with us. Looking forward to your reply.Yours, Li Hua5.古典建筑【典型试题】假定你班最近就圆明园是否需要重建开展了一场讨论，同学们的 观点各不相同，各自理由主要如下表所示，请根据表格提供的讨论情况写 一篇英文报道。赞同反对1.重建该园辉煌景象1 .保存原样更为合理2.中华文明具体表达2.警示人们不忘过去3.如局
47、部恢复，可与废墟对照，让人们记住历史3.破坏该地生态环境注意：词数：80左右。参考词汇：故宫 the Palace Museum 颐和园 the Summer Palace【考场审题】Step 1:精准审题谋篇布局人称第三人称时态一般现在时，一般将来时段落布局开头点题：简要说明这次讨论 主体段落：陈述两种不同的观点 结尾：说明自己的观点Step 2:头脑风暴字字珠玉美词：fall intoruins, original, reflect, comparison, reasonable, remind sb. of sth. , advisable, promote(2)佳句： Supporte
48、rs say that only by doing so can we see the original sight of the garden, which reflects the Chinese civilization.(DSome also worry that the environment will be destroyed when the construction goes on in this district.Step 3:斟酌词句妙笔生花要点1：支持的人认为只有通过这么做，我们才可以看见圆明园的原始景观，它反映了中华文明。一般表达:Supporters say that we can see the original sight of thegarden only by doing so, and it reflects the Chinese civilization.句式升级(倒装句，定语从句)支持的人认为只有通过这么做，我们才可以看见圆明园的原始景观，它反映了中华文明。Supporters say only by doing so can we see the origin