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1、专题02备战2023年高考英语语法填空近八年各地高考语法真题汇编+名校模拟强化练习（解析版）2021年高考真题篇I(2021.新高考卷II卷)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Fve always loved the ocean. In the 1 (seven) grade,! started volunteering at the Monterey Bay Aquarium in California. I was upset to learn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage, 2 (think)it is
2、food.I decided to do something 3 (educate) people about this problem. I held presentations at schools to teach kids about plastic waste. I wanted to reach businesses too. I decided that if I learned of a pany 4 used a lot of plastic, Fd send it an email urging it to cut back.One day, I saw a merci a
3、l for a health-care pany. People in the ad were using plastic straws (吸管).I foundthe contact information of the pany 5 emailed its president. I told him how 6 (harm) plastic could be to the environment and asked him to consider using more eco-friendly options. I was so 7 (excite) when he wrote back
4、to me.He said he would make sure that the pany cut its use of plastic straws in half.I kept going. Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic, Id send an email. One of the biggest panies I wrote to 8 (be) Alaska Airlines Paris. A pany 9 (represent) wrote back and told me the airline was switching
5、over 10 plastic to paper cups on all of its 1,200 daily flights.【答案】1. sevenththinking2. to educatewhich/that3. andharmful4. excitedwas5. representativefrom【答案与解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章作者讲述了自己为了保护海洋，减少塑料垃圾所做出的努力。1 .考查序数词。句意：七年级的时候，我开始在加州的蒙特利湾水族馆做志愿者。表示“七年级”用序数词, 所以填seventh。2 .考查非谓语动词。句意：当我得知许多海洋动物吃塑料垃圾，以为那是食物时，
6、我很难过。分析句子结 构，2 (think)it is food.用作状语，think与其逻辑主语many sea animals之间是主动关系，用现在分词，所以填thinkingo2 .考查名词。句意：这不同于传统的旅游，因为它能让旅行者了解这个地区无论是地理环境还是文化特色，并且经常为环境保护提供资金，并有利于当地的发展。根据空格前的定冠词the可知，此处填入名 词 development 来做动词 benefits 的宾语。故填 development,3 .考查代词。句意：生态旅游起源于20世纪70年代的环境运动。根据空格后名词origin可知，此处形容 词性物主代词来修饰名词orig
7、ino故填itso.考查固定句型。句意：直到20世纪80年代晚期才作为旅游观念被广泛接受。根据句意可知，此处表示 “直到20世纪80年代晚期才作为旅游观念被广泛接受”，表示“直到才”使用固定句型 notuntil故填 untilo4 .考查冠词。句意：由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，各种各样的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。 分析句子结构可知，空格处应填冠词。再结合空格后growing popularity of environmental-related and adventure travel”可知，此处特指与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，所以应填定冠词the。故填theo.考查介词。句
8、意：由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，各种各样的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。 various types of为固定搭配表示“各种各样的”，所以空格处应填ofo故填of05 .考查动名词。句意：最大限度地减少拜访这个地方的影响。根据空格前介词of可知，空格处应填动名词 形式来作介词of的宾语。故填visiting。6 .考查形容词。句意：为当地人民提供财政援助和其他福利。根据空后名词aid可知，空格处应填形容词 来修饰名词aid , finance的形容词形式为financialo故填financial,.考查名词。句意：那里的活动从观鲸到徒步旅行并且住宿宗旨是对自然环境影响达到很小。根据谓
9、语动 词range可知，空格处应填用可数名词activity的复数形式作主语。故填Activitieso7 .考查非谓语动词。句意：那里的活动从观鲸到徒步旅行并且住宿宗旨是对自然环境影响达到很小。固 定短语aim to do译为“旨在，目的是”。故填to haveo6（2021.浙江）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。In a study of 33 years of trends in Body Mass Index （体重指数）across 200 countries, the scientists found that people worldwid
10、e are getting heavier that most of the rise is due to gains in BMI in rural areas.BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool 2 gives an indication of whether someone is a healthy weight. It is calculated by dividing a 3 (person) weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI of
11、 between 19 and 254 (consider) healthy.The study found that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased 52. 1 in women and men.In cities, however, the gain 6 (be) 1. 3 in women and 1. 6 in men. The researchers described striking changes in the geography of BMI. Tn 1985 , urban men and women i
12、n more than three quarters of the countries7 (study) had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas. But 30 years later, the BMI difference between urban and rural people in many countries had narrowed 8(sharp).This may be due to some disadvantages for people 9 (live) in the countryside, includin
13、g 1。 (low) levels of ine and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities.【答案】l.andthat/which2. personsis considered3. bywas4. Studiedsharply5. livinglower【答案与解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如今世界各地的人体重越来越超标，主要是由于农村地区的 体重指数(BMI)增加了，并分析了其中的原因。1 .考查连词。句意：在一项对200个国家33年体重指数趋势的研究中，科学家们发现，世界各地的人们体
14、 重越来越重，而这主要是由于农村地区体重指数的增加。分析句子结构可知，that people worldwide are getting heavier 和 that most of the rise is due to gains in BMI in rural areas都是 found 引导的宾语从句，是并列 关系，故填ando.考查定语从句关系代词。句意：BMI是一种国际公认的测量工具，它可以显示一个人的体重是否健康。 分析句子结构可知，2。1是先行词，且在从句中做主语，故填that/which。2 .考查名词所有格。句意：它的计算方法是用一个人的体重(公斤)除以身高(米)的平方，BM
15、I在19到25之 间被认为是健康的。分析句子结构可知，person是修饰weight的,用person的名词所有格persons。故填person9 so3 .考查动词被动语态。句意：它的计算方法是用一个人的体重（公斤）除以身高（米）的平方，BMI在19到25之间被认为是健康的。分析句子结构可知，句子缺少谓语，主语（a BMI）是单数，时态是一般现在时， 且主语和consider是表被动关系，故填is considered,4 .考查介词。句意：研究发现，1985年至2017年间，农村女性和男性的平均BMI增加了 2.1。increase by 表示“增加了 ； increase to表示“增
16、加到二根据正常的成人BMI数值（18.5-23.9 ）可知，increase by符合语 境，故填bye.考查主谓一致和动词时态。句意：然而，在城市中，女性增加了 1.3 ,男性增加了 1.6。分析句子结构可 知，句子缺少谓语，主语（gain ）是单数，时态是一般过去时,故填was。5 .考查非谓语动词。句意：1985年，在被研究的国家中，超过四分之三的城市男性和女性的BMIs高于农 村地区的男性和女性。分析句子结构可知，句子的谓语是had,所以study用非谓语形式，它的逻辑主语是 countries ,表被动关系，故填studied。6 .考查副词。句意：但30年后，许多国家城市和农村人口
17、的BMI差异大幅缩小。分析句子结构可知， sharp是要修饰动词narrow ,用sharp的副词形式sharply。故填sharply。7 .考杳非谓语动词。句意：这可能是由于生活在农村的人有一些不利条件，包括较低的收入和教育水平， 较高的健康食品成本，以及较少的体育设施。分析句子结构可知，句子已有谓语动词may be ,故live用非 谓语形式，它的逻辑主语是people ,表主动关系，做定语，用现在分词形式，故填livingo.考查形容词比较级。句意：这可能是由于生活在农村的人有一些不利条件，包括较低的收入和教育水 平，较高的健康食品成本，以及较少的体育设施。分析句子结构可知，inclu
18、ding说明的是一些不利条件， 且后面有higher和fewer ,是并列关系，所以low也应该用比较级形式，故填lower,2021题组（改编版）1（2021 .新高考卷II卷）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Ive always loved the ocean. In 1 seventh grade, I started volunteering at the Monterey Bay Aquariumin California. I was upset 2（learn） that many sea animals eat plastic garbage,
19、thinking it is food.I 3（decide） to do something to educate people about this problem. I held 4（presentation） atschools to teach kids about plastic waste. I wanted to reach businesses too. I decided that if I learned of a pany which used a lot of plastic, Id send it an email urging it to cut back.One
20、 day, I saw a mercial for a health-care pany. People in the ad were using plastic straws (吸管). I foundthe contact information of the pany and emailed 5_(it) president. I told him 6_ harmful plastic couldbe to the environment and asked him to consider 7(use) more eco-friendly options. I was so excite
21、d whenhe wrote back to me.He said he would make sure that the pany cut its use of plastic straws in half.I kept going. Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic, Id send an email. One of the 8(big) paniesI wrote 9 was Alaska Airlines Paris. A pany representative wrote back 10 told me the airline
22、wasswitching over from plastic to paper cups on all of its 1,200 daily flights.【答案】l.theto learn2. decidedpresentations1.1 tshow6. usingbiggest7. toand【答案与解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章作者讲述了自己为了保护海洋，减少塑料垃圾所做出的努力。1 .考查冠词。句意：七年级的时候，我开始在加州的蒙特利湾水族馆做志愿者。表示“七年级”用冠词修饰 序数词，所以填定冠词the。2 .考查非谓语动词。句意：我决定做一些事情来教育人们这个问题。分析句子结构，其结
23、构为be upset todo sth.2(learn) that many sea animals eat plastic garbage,用作原因状语，用不定式,所以填 to learn3 .考查谓语动词。句意：我决定做一些事情来教育人们这个问题。分析句子结构，decide用作谓语动词，故答案为decided。4 .考查名词。句意：我在举行演讲，向孩子们讲授塑料垃圾的知识。分析句子结构，I held4(presentation) at schools to teach kids about plastic waste.可知，presentation 作 held 的宾语，故答案为 pres
24、entationso.考查形容词性物主代词。句意：我找到了这家公司的联系方式，并给公司总裁发了电子邮件。修饰president,作定语故答案为itso.考查关系词。句意：我告诉他塑料对环境的危害，并请他考虑使用更环保的产品。该处为how引导的感叹句z how之后接形容词harmful ,所以填how。5 .考查动名词。句意：我告诉他塑料对环境的危害，并请他考虑使用更环保的产品。该空作consider的宾 语，根据固定搭配，consider doing sth.故答案为usingo.考查形容词。句意：我给写信的最大的公司之一是巴黎阿拉斯加航空公司。one of+形容词最高级+可 数名词复数，故答
25、案为biggest.6 .考查介词。句意：我给写信的最大的公司之一是巴黎阿拉斯加航空公司。该空考查动词+介词的用法。根据句意可知，write to sb.故答案为介词too.考查并列连词。句意：一位公司代表回信并告诉我，该航空公司将把每天1200个航班从塑料杯换成纸 杯。并列两个谓语动词，故答案为and02(2021 .全国卷)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。It doesnt impress like George Washingtons plantation on the Potomac, but Lincolns home in downtown
26、Springfield, Illinois, has proved irresistible to visitors since it opened to the public. Beautifully 1(restore ) to its 1860 appearance, the house was Abraham and Mary Lincoln*s home for 17 years. In 1844 they 2(buy)it for $1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser,3 performed their marriage ceremon
27、y in 1842.When the house was built, it was much smaller 4 it is today. Mary*s niece wrote, nThe little homepainted white. It was sweet and fresh. Mary loved it. She was 5(extreme) pretty, and her house was areflection of herself, everything in good taste 6 in perfect order.Although Mary loved flower
28、s, neither she nor her husband was known 7 a gardener. A long- timeneighbor said they never planted trees and only kept a garden for one year.8(Mary) sister, Frances Todd Wallace, often came over to plant flowers in the front yard.The Lincolns enlarged the house to a full two stories in 1856 9(meet)
29、 the needs of their growingfamily. Three of the four Lincoln sons were born here. After Lincoln 10(elect) President of the US in1861, they rented the house and sold most of their furniture.【答案与解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了美国总统林肯在伊利诺伊州斯普林菲尔德市中心的老房子的 变迁历史。1 .考查非谓语动词。句意：这座房子被漂亮地修复成I860年的样子，是亚伯拉罕和玛丽-林肯生活了 17年 的家。此处考
30、查非谓语动词作状语的用法，restore与the house之间构成被动关系，故填restored。2 .考查谓语动词。句意：1844年，他们以1200美元的价格从查尔斯德莱瑟手中买下了这座房子和一些土 地，查尔斯德莱瑟在1842年举行了他们的婚礼。结合句意可知，此处考查谓语动词，they与buy之间构 成主动关系，故填bought。3 .考查关系代词。句意：1844年，他们以1200美元的价格从查尔斯彳惠莱瑟手中买下了这座房子和一些土 地，查尔斯德莱瑟在1842年举行了他们的婚礼。分析句子结构可知，3 performed their marriageceremony in 1842.此句缺少
31、关系代词，指代Charles Dresser ,故填who.4 .考查比较级+than的用法。句意：这栋房子建成时比现在小得多。结合设空前的much smaller可知，此处 考查形容词比较级固定结构much+比较级+than ,故填thano.考查副词。句意：她非常漂亮，她的房子是她自己的写照，一切都很有品位，井井有条。分析句子结构 可知，设空处作状语修饰形容词pretty ,故用副词修饰，故填extremely。5 .考查连词。句意：她非常漂亮，她的房子是她自己的写照，一切都很有品位，井井有条。分析句子结构 可知 in good taste 6 in perfect order,为并歹!关
32、系，故填 ando.考查介词。句意：虽然玛丽喜欢花，但她和她的丈夫都不是有名的园丁。根据句意可知，此处考查结构 be known as ,意为作为.而出名。故填aso6 .考查名词所有格。句意：玛丽的妹妹弗朗西丝托德华莱士经常来前院种花。分析句子结构可知，设空 处作定语，故填Mary瓦.考查非谓语动词。句意：林肯夫妇在1856年把房子扩大到了整整两层，以满足他们日益增长的家庭的 需要。根据句意可知，此处是目的状语；目的状语用动词不定式表示；提示词meet的不定式形式为to meeto 故填 to meeto7 .考查被动语态。句意：1861年林肯当选美国总统后，他们租了房子，卖掉了大部分家具。
33、分析句子成 分可知，设空处作谓语动词elect与Lincoln构成被动关系，根据时间状语1861可知，此处用一般过去时态, 故填 was electedo3(2021 .全国卷甲卷)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The Xi*an City Wall is 1 most plete city wall that has survived China,s long history. It was built2(original) to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been pletely re
34、stored (修复).3 ispossible to walk or bike the entire 14 kilometers.We 4(access) the wall through the South Gate. The wall is 12 meters high and from here you can seestreams of people 5(move) inside and outside the City Wall.After spending some time looking at all the defensive 6(equip) at the wall, w
35、e decided it was time forsome action and what better than to ride on a piece 7 history!We hired our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old and shaky but did the job. It took us about 3 hours 8(go) all the way around the Xi*an City Wall. Supposedly you can do it in two hours,
36、butwe stopped at the different gates 9 watchtowers to take pictures or just to watch the local people goingabout 10(they) daily routines.【答案】1.theoriginally2. Itaccessed3. movingequipment7.ofto go8. andtheir【答案与解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者游览西安长城的活动。1 .考查冠词。句意：西安城墙是在中国漫长的历史中幸存下来的最完整的城墙。most plete city wallo 分析
37、句子可知，设空处应为定冠词，故填the。2 .考杳副词。句意：它最初是为了保护唐代的城市而建造的，现在已经完全修复了。根据句意可知，表示 应用副词修饰谓语动词，故填originally,.考查代词。句意：可以步行或骑自行车走完全部14公里。分析句子可知，此处为句型“it +be+adj+to do sth.” , it为形式主语,故填ito3 .考查动词。句意：我们通过南门进入城墙。分析句子可知，此处access作谓语动词，讲述过去发生的事 情,故填 accessed,.考查非谓语动词。句意：城墙有12米高，从这里可以看到城墙内外川流不息的人群。考查see +宾语+ doing结构，故答案为m
38、ovingo4 .考查名词。句意：在花了一些时间看完城墙上的所有防御设备后，我们决定是时候采取一些行动了，还 有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢？分析句子可知，此处为名词，故填equipment.,.考查介词。句意：在花了一些时间看完城墙上的所有防御设备后，我们决定是时候采取一些行动了，还 有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢?分析句子可知，此处考查固定搭配a piece of，故填ofo5 .考查非谓语动词。句意：我们绕着西安城墙走了大约3个小时。考查固定句式it takes/took sb. Some time to do sth,故填 to goo.考查连词。句意：据说你可以在两个小时内完成，但我们在不同
39、的大门和了望台停下来拍照，或者只是 看当地人进行他们的日常生活。根据句意可知the different gates 9 watchtowers为并列关系，故填and。6 .考查形容词性物主代词。句意：据说你可以在两个小时内完成，但我们在不同的大门和了望台停下来 拍照，或者只是看当地人进行他们的日常生活。修饰后文名词routines作定语，修饰名词。故填their。4(2021.新高考卷I卷)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me 1 the popular Beatles9 songThe Long
40、 and Winding Road. What is so breathtaking about the experience 2(be) the out-of-this-world scenes. The 3(roll) sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we humans are.The hot spring at 4 foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. It will undoubtedly
41、help you get 5(refresh)! The amazing thing about the spring is that the 6(cold) the temperaturegets, the hotter the spring! Strange, isnt it? But thats how nature is always leaving us astonished.What es next is the endless series of steps. You cant help 7(wonder) how hard it was for the peoplethen 8
42、(put) all those rocks into place. Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain,still it highlights the whole adventure and offers a place 9_ you can sit down to rest your aching legs.As the song goes, this long and winding road “will never disappear”,10_ it will always stick in
43、the visitors memory. It sure does in mine.While youre in China, Mount Huangshan is a must to visit!【答案】l.ofis2. rollingthe3. refreshedcolder4. wonderingto put5. whereand【答案与解析】本文属于说明文。文章介绍黄山的三种代表性的事物云海，温泉以及台阶。1 .考查介词。句意：去黄山让我想起了披头士的流行歌曲漫长而曲折的路。考查动词固定搭配remindsb. of sth .故填 ofo2 .考查动词。句意：让人叹为观止的是这一经历中
44、的世外桃源。分析句子可知What is so breathtaking about the experience为主语从句，提示词作谓语，故填is。3 .考查形容词。句意：你在山顶看到的连绵不断的云海会提醒你，我们人类是多么渺小。The 3(roll) sea of clouds ,为名词短语，缺少定语，故填rolling。4 .考查冠词。句意：山脚下的温泉是你在登山后必须尝试的。考查短语at the foot of.在脚下，故填theo 5.考查形容词。句意：这无疑会让你神清气爽!此处get为系动词，故应用形容词作表语，故填refreshed.6 .考查形容词比较级。句意：关于黄山温泉让人惊
45、讶的是，气温越低，温泉越暖和。此处是固定结构“the +比较级，加+比较级”，意为“越越二故填colder.7 .考查非谓语动词。句意：你不禁会想，对当时的人们来说，把这些石头都安置好有多难。考查cant help doing sth,情不自禁做。故填wondering。8 .考查非谓语。句意：你不禁会想，对当时的人们来说，把这些石头都安置好有多难。how hard it was for the people then 8(put) all those rocks into place.考查句式 it is/was adj for sb. to do sth. o 故填 to puto考查连词
46、。句意：虽然它是你上山途中唯一不自然的东西，但它仍然突出了整个冒险过程，并提供了 一个可以坐下来休息你疼痛的腿的地方。分析句子可知，you can sit down to rest your aching legs.作定语修 饰a place ,定语从句缺少状语需要关系副词引导，故填where。10.考查连词。句意：正如歌中所唱，这条漫长而曲折的道路永远不会消失，它将永远留在游客的记忆 中。分析句子可知,this long and winding road will never disappear”与 it will always stick in the visitors memory为并列
47、关系，故用并列连词and。5(2021.全国卷乙卷)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Ecotourism is monly regarded as low impact(景乡响)travel to undisturbed places. It is different from1_(tradition) tourism because it allows the traveler 2(bee) educated about the areas - both interms of geographical conditions and cultural chara
48、cteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits 3 development of the local areas.Ecotourism has its origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s. It was not 4(wide) acceptedas a travel concept until the late 1980s. During that time, increasing environmental awareness made it5(desire).Due to the growing 6(popular) of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types of trips are now being classified as ecotourism. Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must meet the following principles:Minimize the impact of visiting the place. Bui