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1、Period 3课时素养检潇十五Unit 4I.阅读理解ABefore the print was brought to England in 1476, everything was written by hand. The few people who knew how lo write were trained in schools set up by the church. Those who made a living by writing for other people were called scribes.The work of scribes was not easy. M
2、uch of it had to be done fast in order to meet the needs of the King, the church and traders. Most of the writing was in Latin, but some of it was in English of the day. No one was quite sure how some English words should be spelled.One problem was that several letters were written with short vertic
3、al stroke that all looked like each other. Among them were the lettersand n”. Thus, five straight lines in a rowmight stand fbr uni nui uvi or mii”. As a result, reading was sometimes difficult, especially when the writing was done in a hurry.The scribes solved the problem in part, by changing the l
4、etter u to o when it came before m n or v. This is how sum and cum became to be written as some and come.At some point too, the scribes seemed to have decided that no English word should be ended by u or v”. Thus, in time an e was added to such words as live” have” “due” and true”. It was added, but
5、 not pronounced.【语篇概述】在印刷术传入欧洲之前，英国历史上存在一类人一以抄写为生的抄写员。本 篇介绍了抄写员在历史上的角色与作用。1. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. Everything has been written by hand in English since 1476.B. More than 500 years ago no one made a living by writing for other people.C. The church set up schools l
6、o train scribes before 1476.D. Scribes in England worked only for kings and traders.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第一段第二句The few people who knew how to write were trained in schools set up by the church.”（少数知道怎么书写的人在教堂建立的学校接受训练。） 得知正确答案为CoSometimes people couldnt read easily.A. because there were too many u” and v
7、in some English wordsbecause most of the writing was in LatinB. when the writing was in Englishwhen the writing was done hurriedly【解析】选Do细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句As a result, reading was sometimes difficult, especially when the writing was done in a hurry. ”（结果，阅读有时很难，尤其是当人们匆忙地 写下东西时。）得知正确答案为Do in a hurry=hur
8、riedly急匆匆地，匆忙地。2. The scribes changed u before m to o” because.A. the change helped them write fasterthe change made reading easierB. um and om had the same pronunciationom was the right order【解析】选Bo推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句中的“reading was sometimes difficulf,以及 第四段第一句 The scribes solved the problem in part, b
9、y changing the letter u to o when it came beforeor v”可以得出一个结论，抄写员做出的这种改变解决了阅读困难的问题，即让阅读变得更容易，因此答案为Bo3. It is believed that some scribes thought.A. it important to add an e to every English wordthe letter e at the end of any word shouldnt be pronouncedB. it natural to change the spelling of some Lati
10、n wordsan English word should be ended neither by u nor by v解析选D。细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句中的the scribes seemed to have decided that no English word should be ended by u orv（抄写员似乎决定了这样一个事情:英语单词不应该 以字母u或字母v结尾）得出答案为DoBEnglish kids talk about LiverpooPs soccer team in a Paris pub. Some Parisians have even started
11、 to go to work in London. In the 19th century, Dickens compared Ihe two great rival cities, London and Paris, in A Tale of Two Cities. These days, it might be A Tale of One City.As jobs grew lack at home over recent years, many Frenchmen moved across the Channel.With an undersea tunnel, they could t
12、ravel between cities in three hours.Paris, rich in beauty, is more attractive. But you might get more fun in London until the pubs shut down. In fact, London and Paris, with their obvious new similarities, are beyond the old descriptions. As the European Union gradually loosened controls, Londoners
13、flocked intoParis to shop, eat and buy property.“Both cities have changed beyond recognition. M said Larry, a writer and sometimes a Londoner. Like most people who know both well, he finds the two now fit together comfortably. UI first fell in love with Paris in the 1950s, and it is still a wonderfu
14、l place, “ Collins said. But if I had to choose, it would be London. Things are so much more ordered, and life is better. But certainly not cheaper. In fancy parts of London, rents can be twice those onAvenue Foch in Paris.Many young people are happy to be close enough so they dont have to choose. I
15、 love Paris, my little neighborhood, but life is so structured, “ she said. uIn London, you can be who you want. No one cares.”【语篇概述】狄更斯的双城记，让我们看到了伦敦和巴黎两个城市的动荡和故事，那么 现在这两个城市之间又上演着怎样的故事呢？本篇阅读给出了答案。4. The best title for this passage is.A. Londoners and ParisiansA Modern Tale of Two CitiesB. The Simila
16、rity of Two CitiesFancy London and Fashionable Paris【解析】选B。主旨大意题。根据第一段导入中的最后一句话“These days, it might be A Talc of One City.”（如今，这或许是关于一个城市的故事了。）以及下文对两个城市之间密切交流与 关联的描述，确定文章的主旨为介绍两个城市现代的故事，因此，答案为B。5. We can infer from the text.A. Paris and London has become perfect partnersLondon offers more funB. lif
17、e in Paris is structuredParis and London have become fierce competitors解析选Ao推理判断题。根据第二段“many Frenchmen moved across the Channel”（很多法 国人去伦敦工作）第三段“Londoners flocked into Paris to shop, eat and buy property. ”（伦敦 人到巴黎去购物，吃，买房子）以及第四段“the two now fit together comfortably.”（两个城市 舒适地融合在了一起）可以推断出两个城市现在是密切的伙
18、伴关系。故答案为A。6. The underlined word “flocked“ probably means.A. came in large numbersflew a long wayB. rushed hurriedlydrove long distances【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据上下文，两个城市的交流越来越多，随着欧盟放宽限制，越 来越多的伦敦人到巴黎去。故答案为A。7. Living in Paris, you may find.A. life is betterthings are cheaperB. more attractive peoplea job easil
19、y【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句话“In fancy parts of London, rents can be twice those on Avenue Foch in Paris. （在伦敦较好的地段，租金是巴黎的弗什大道的两倍）可 以看出，伦敦的消费比巴黎高，反之，巴黎的消费比伦敦低，因此答案为B。II.完形填空A young girl is smiling at me from a picture frame on my desk as I write this. She is my child I sponsored from the Philippines. Eve
20、n though I have never met her in person she has found a 2 place in my heart. It doesnt cost me much to help her, about a dollar a day. 3, millions of people in this world live on less. The 4 that helping her gives me, however, is beyond 5 . It connects me to her, to life, and to love.I can still 6 t
21、he first time that I decided to help a child overseas. It was many years ago. I was only a teenager myself and had a little extra 7 each month. I didnt feel like buying anything, though. We had 8 everything we had in a house fire a few years before. 9 that had taught me a lot. I had learned that I d
22、idnt need a lot of 4stuff * to be happy. I had also read a lol about the 10 of children in poor countries around the world. It seemed like a far belter thing then to give what I could to help them. With my moms love and 11 I soon found a few organizations like Children International that were 12 oth
23、ers around the world. It felt so good being able to reach out and help another 13 . It felt so good being able to make even onelife better. I could feel the compassion and 14 growing within me and beginning to change me.Empathy （同情）docs change us. It helps us to 15 , to be kind, and to make this wor
24、ld a better place.1. A. even B. once C. still D. seldom【解析】选B。考查副词。在我写这篇文章的时候，我桌上相框中的小女孩正朝着我微笑。 她正是我曾经资助过的来自菲律宾的小孩even甚至，once曾经，still仍然，seldom很 少。2. A. specialB. properC. necessaryD. possible【解析】选A。考查形容词。尽管我从来没有亲眼见过她，但是她在我的心中占据了一块特 殊的位置。special特别的，proper适当的，necessary必要的，possible可能的。3. A. ThereforeB.
25、 BesidesC. OtherwiseD. However【解析】选D。考查连词。但是世界上还有成千上万的人每天花费不到一美元。根据语意可 知，上下文是转折关系。Therefore因此， Besides此外， Otherwise否则，However然而。4. A. wealthB. anxietyC. challengeD. joy【解析】选D。考查名词。我自愿帮助她，帮助她给我带来了快乐。wealth财富，anxiety焦 虑，challenge挑战，joy快乐。5. A. imaginationB. complaintC. priceD. reach【解析】选C。考查固定短语。帮助她给我
26、带来的快乐是无价的。beyond price无价的，宝贵 的。6. A. rememberB.doubtC. admitD. realize【解析】选A。考查动词。我仍然记得我第一次决定帮助外国孩子的情形。remember记得,doubl怀疑，admit承认，realize认识到。D. labor7. A. money B. timeC. energy【解析】选Ao考查名词。根据语境可知，很多年前，我年少时，每月会有一点额外的零 花钱。money钱，time时间，energy精力，labor劳动。8. A. storedB. foundC. lostD. searched【解析】选Co考查动词
27、。几年前家里着火，我们失去了 一切。stored储存，found找到, lost 失去，searched 寻找。9. A. Putting asideB. Taking onC. Paying forD. Going through【解析】选D。考查动词短语。经历了那件事让我学会了很多。putting aside储备，taking on 呈现，paying for 为付钱，going through 经历。10. A. educationB. sufferingC. taleD. anger【解析】选B。考查名词。根据后文“children in poor countries around t
28、he world”可知,我也了 解到了生活在贫穷国家中的孩子所遭遇的不幸。education教育，suffering受难，tale故 事，anger愤怒。11. A. courageB. belief C. supportD. faith【解析】选C。考查名词。在母亲的爱与支持下，我找到了如国际儿童组织等类似的一些组 织。courage 勇气， belief 信仰，support 支持，faith 信念。12. A. treatingB. praisingC. honoringD. serving【解析】选Do考查动词。前文提到：我通过捐赠来帮助他们。可知我找到的这些组织是为 全世界人们服务的
29、。treating对待，praising赞美，honoring尊敬，serving服务。13. A. in needB. in peaceC. in fearD. in silence【解析】选A。考查固定短语。能够伸出援手帮助有需要的人，让自己感觉很好。inneed固 定短语。14. A. relief B. empathyC. easeD. guilty【解析】选Bo考查词义辨析。我可以感受到自己的同情和怜悯之心正在慢慢改变着自己。relief安慰，empathy同情，ease舒适，guilly有罪的。15. A. donateB. thinkC. love D. study【解析】选C。
30、考查动词。同情心帮助我们去爱别人，让我们变得更加善良，也会让这个世 界变得更加美好。donate捐赠，think想，love爱，study学习。III.语法填空I came to England last summer. I 1. have been(be) in England for eleven months. I am going to finish my studies in England soon, and will leave 2. for China next month.At first it was very difficult for me to 3. communic
31、ate(communicate) with other people in English, but now I can speak English much 4. better(well), and even understand English television programmes. My 5. spoken (speak) English has been improved a lot. I have lots of English 6. friends(friend) now. Some of 7. them (they) have even invited me for din
32、ner at their houses 8. where I have learned a lot about their customs. I have found them 9. interested(interest) to learn about China and Chinese people. Only then did I realize 10. the importance of knowing about my own country.【技法导练】1 .上下文对照，捕捉关键词。解完形填空题时，单独看一句话是找不到正确答案的，需要阅读上下句或者若干句才能明 白。所谓上下对照，即在上文和下文中找到与正确答案相同的关键词。因此，在做题时要提 高边读边在大脑中储存上下文信息的能力，捕捉关键词。2 .结合生活，利用常识解题。某些题的目的是考查学生的生活常识，看看学生是否善于观察生活，积累生活常识，能否 利用常识去做恰当的选择。