《外教社新世纪高等院校英语专业本科生系列（修订版）：综合教程（第3版） 第1册 Unit 5 Lecture Notes.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《外教社新世纪高等院校英语专业本科生系列（修订版）：综合教程（第3版） 第1册 Unit 5 Lecture Notes.docx（39页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、Unit 5 HollywoodSection One Pre-reading ActivitiesI. Lead-inDraw your mind map with the headword “HoHywood”.What does the word “Hollywood“ suggest to you? What words is it associated with in your mind?Write down as many as possible. Show your mind map to the class after you have finished it.This is
2、an open question. Answers to the question may vary. While talking about various associations, both the teacher and the students are expected to use some key words in the text. For example, they are supposed to use “studio and shoot motion pictures“ at the mention of Universal Studio Theme Park, “amp
3、hitheatre” at the mention of Hollywood Bowl, “starlet” and “immortal“ at the mention of the Hollywood Walk of Fame, “luxurious and glamour“ at the mention of Beverley Hills, motion picture corporation, at the mention of Paramount or Warner Bros, or MGM, etc. Note these are key words in the text and
4、most of them turn up in the List of words and expressions focused on in the exercises below”.Il.Cultural informationQuoteFred Allen: You can take all the sincerity in Hollywood, place it in the navel of a firefly and still have room enough for three caraway seeds and a producers heart.1. HollywoodHo
5、llywood is a neighborhood in Los Angeles, California-situated west-northwest of Downtown Los Angeles. Due to its fame and cultural identity as the historical center of movie studios and movie stars, the word Hollywood is often used as a metonymy of American cinema, and is often interchangeably used
6、to refer to the greater Los Angeles area in general. The nicknames StarStruck Town and Tinseltown refer to Hollywood and its movie industry. Today, much of the movie industry has dispersed into surrounding areas such as the WestsideShes at the peak of her career.她正处于事业的巅峰。Comparisons: peak, summit,
7、climaxsummit: the top of a mountain, or a meeting between heads of governmentclimax: the most exciting, important, or effective part in a story, experience, set of events, etc, which usu. comes near the endExercise: Choose the proper word to fill each blank in the following sentences.peak summit cli
8、maxDemand for coal is at its in January and February, (peak)1) Western leaders are gathering fbr this weeks Ottawa. (summit)His first book was published when he was at the of his powers, (peak)2) The of the film is a brilliant car chase, (climax)immortal: adj. that will never die; that will live for
9、ever; that will continue or be remembered for a long timee.g. The soul is immortal.灵魂是不朽的。Shakespeare wrote many immortal plays.莎士比亚写了许多不朽的戏剧。Derivations:immortality: n.immortalize: v.Antonym:mortale.g. All human beings are mortal.人皆有一死。7. ambitious: adj.1) having a strong desire for success, power,
10、 wealth, etc.e.g. He is an ambitious young man, studying hard to be a scientist.他是一个雄心勃勃的年轻人，努力学习，想成为科学家。2) showing or resulting from a desire to do sth. difficult or sth. that demands great effort, unusual skill, etc.e.g. His next production was a very ambitious musical.他的下一部作品是一部野心勃勃的音乐剧。Derivatio
11、n:ambitiously: adv.ambitiousness: n.ambition: n.Antonym:unambitiousTranslation:有抱负的学生才能取得最好的成绩。10Only ambitious students can get best marks.他推出的下一部作品是难度很大的音乐喜剧。His next production was a very ambitious musical comedy.8. recommend: v.1) praise as being good for a purpose; provide information about sb.
12、 or sth. e.g. What would you recommend for removing ink stains?你对去除墨迹有什么建议？She was strongly recommended for the post.她被大力推荐担任这个职务。2) advise or suggest as a correct or suitable course of action e.g. I wouldnt recommend you to go there alone.我不建议你一个人去那里。I recommend that you resign.我建议你辞职。Derivations:r
13、ecommendatory: adj.recommender: n.recommendation: n.recommendable: adj.Collocations:recommend sb./sth. (to sb.)recommend sb. for /as sth.recommend that.it is recommended that.to recommend sb. to do sth.to recommend doing st.9. persuade: v.1) make sb. willing to do sth. by reasoning, arguing, repeate
14、dly asking e.g. You try and persuade her to come out with us.你试着说服她和我们一起出门。How can we persuade him into joining us?我们怎样才能说服他加入我们？He persuaded his daughter to change her mind 他说服女儿改变主意。*cause to believe or feel certain; convincee.g. I am not fully persuaded by the evidence.我没有完全被这些证据说服。We are persuad
15、ed of the justice of her case.我们相信她的案件是公正的。11Derivations:persuasion: n.persuasiveness: n.persuasive: adj.persuasively: adj.persuadable: adj.Collocations:persuade sb. into/out of sth.persuade sb. of sth.Comparisons: persuade, convincepersuade: to make someone agree to do something by giving them good
16、 reasons for doing it. convince: to make someone believe that something is true.It is quite common, however, for each of these words to be used with both meanings, especially for convince to be used as a synonym for persuade. But some speakers of BrE think that this is not correct.Exercise: Choose t
17、he proper word to fill each blank in the following sentences, persuade convinceI tried to her to see a doctor, (persuade)2) He had finally several customers of the advantages of his product. (convinced)He me he was right. (convince)3) It tries to local people to grow their own food and eat more heal
18、thily, (persuade)expertly: adv. in a way typical of an expert; in a skillful mannere.g. Never have I seen anyone handle such a tough situation as expertly as he.他如此熟练地处理如此棘手的局面，真是罕见。Derivations:expert: n. / adj.expertness: n.expertise: n.Collocations:expert at/in/on sth./doing sth.e.g. He is expert
19、at/in cooking good cheap meals.他擅长做价廉物美的饭菜。Synonym:skillfullycandidate: someone who is being considered for a job or is competing in an election e.g. I proposed him for (as) candidate.我建议他作为候选人。Synonym:examineeDerivations:candidacy: n.12presidency: the position of being the president of a country or
20、 organization, or the period of time during which someone is president.e.g. 1) Roosevelt was elected four times to the presidency of the US.罗斯福四次中选美国总统。2) He was a White House official during the Bush presidency.他在布什总统任期内是白宫官员。Derivations:presidential: adj.president: n.presidentship: n.10. at all co
21、sts: at any cost; whatever the cost; no matter what the cost e.g. We must at all costs prevent them from finding out about the plan.我们必须不惜一切代价阻止他们发现这个计划。We must avoid war at all costs.我们必须不惜一切代价防止战争。Phrases:at the cost of: involving the loss or sacrifice of sth.to ones cost: from ones own unpleasant
22、 experienceExercise: Choose the proper phrase to fill each blank in the following sentences.at all costs to ones cost at the cost ofAs I learned when I was ill in New York, you should always take out medicalinsurance before you go abroad. (to my cost)We must win the game. (at all costs)1) She saved
23、him from drowning but only her own life. (at the cost of)unscrupulous: completely without principles; not caring about honesty or fairness in order to get what one wantse.g. He became a millionaire by resorting to unscrupulous methods.他靠不择手段成了百万富翁。Derivations:unscrupulously: adv.unscrupulousness: n.
24、11. arguing: a contentious speech act; a dispute where there is strong disagreement.e.g. What are you arguing with them about?你在和他们争论什么？Derivations:argue: v.argument: n.13argumentation: n.argumentative: adj.arguable: adj.argumentative: adv.arguably: adv.Collocation:argue with/about/forinterfere: v.
25、enter in or take part in a matter which does not concern one, and in which one is not wantede.g. It is unwise to interfere between husband and wife.干涉夫妻之间的事是不明智的。Dont interfere in matters that do not concern you!不要干涉与你无关的事！Derivations:interference: n.interferometer: n.interfering: adj.Collocation:in
26、terfere in sth.interfere between sb. and sb.interfere with sb.interfere with sth.12. destroy: v. damage (something) so severely that it cannot be repaired; put an end to the existence of somethinge.g. They have destroyed all the evidence.他们已经销毁了所有的证据。All hopes of a peaceful settlement were destroyed
27、 by his speech.他的讲话毁掉了双方和解的一切希望。Derivations:destruction: n.destructive: adj.Synonyms:ruin, wreckcease: v. stop (csp. an activity or state)e.g. The officer ordered his men to cease fire.军官命令他的士兵停火。Hostilities between the two sides ceased at midnight.双方的敌对行动于午夜停止。14Derivations:cease: n.ceaseless: adj.
28、 not stopping; without endCollocation:without cease: without stopping; continuouslycease to becease fromdistinguished: adj. having excellent quality or great fame and respecteg The actor gave a distinguished performance on the stage last night.这位演员昨晚在舞台上表演得很出色。He has become a distinguished man for h
29、is scientific achievements.他因科学成就而出人头地。Derivations:distinction: n.distinctiveness: n.distinguish: v.distinctive: adj.distinct: adj.distinguishable: adj.Antonym:undistinguishedperformance: n.1) the action or an act of performing (a character in) a play, a piece of music, tricks, etc., esp. in the pre
30、sence of the publiceg His performance of Hamlet“ was superb.他在哈姆雷特中表演得很棒。The orchestra will give two more performances before leaving Britain.这个管弦乐队在离开英国前将再演出两场。2) the action or manner of carrying out an activity, piece of work, etc.eg She won a gold medal for her fine performance in the contest.她在比
31、赛中表现出色，赢得了一枚金牌。His performance in the test was not good enough.他的考试成绩不够好。Derivations:perform: v.performer: n.Collocation:in performance: performing in a concert or other entertainment15e.g. Come and see her in performance with the new band. 来看看她和新乐队的演出吧。Sentences1. The constant sunshine and mild cli
32、mate of southern California made it an ideal site for shooting motion pictures. (Paragraph 2)Paraphrase: Southern California usually enjoys sunshine and boasts a mild climate, which made it an excellent place for making movies.2. Hollywoods fame and fortune reached its peak in the 1930s and 1940s, t
33、he golden days of black and white movies. (Paragraph 2)Paraphrase: Hollywoods fame and fortune rose to its highest point in the 1930s and 1940s, when the best black and white movies were produced in abundance and became very popular.3. Most of them had only their good looks to recommend them and had
34、 no acting experience -or ability-whatsoever. (Paragraph 3)Explanation: The phrase most of cannot be used before a noun that has no determiner (article, possessive or demonstrative word). You can say most of the people1*, or most of these people, but not most of people1.Ive eaten most dthe salad.Ive
35、 read most of your books.Paraphrase: Most of them, looking handsome or beautiful, were suitable enough to be actors or actresses in terms of appearance, but they had no experience in acting or no performing skills at all.Translation.大多数人仅靠姣好的外貌作为资本，没有任何表演经验或才能。Discussion: What determine success for
36、an actor? Appearance or ability?4. He started as a stunt rider, and from there rose to be one of the great stars of the early Westerns. (Paragraph 3)Paraphrase: In the beginning, he performed amazing and often dangerous acts of skill as a horse rider, and before long he grew very popular and became
37、one of the great stars of the early Westerns.Disccusion: How much are you willing to pay to succeed in the workplace when you first enter the workforce?5. . they tossed their heads and swung their hips, hoping to attract the attention of some important person connected with the movies. Most of them
38、hoped in vain. (Paragraph 3)Paraphrase:. they tilted their heads and shook their hips, in the hope of drawing the attention of some important person who had connections with the movies. However, most of them failed to realize their hopes.Disccusion: Why do you think most of them hoped in vain?6. As
39、for the stars themselves, they were held on a tight rein by the studio chiefs who could16make or break all but the stars with really big appeal. (Paragraph 4)Paraphrase: The stars were firmly controlled by the studio chiefs who could make or break nearly all the stars except super-stars.Translation:
40、至于明星本人，他们被制片厂老板牢牢控制，除了那些名气很大的明星，这些 老板可以造就或毁掉任何人。As for: (used when starting to talk about a new subject, connected with what came before) when we speak of, concerningPractice: translate the following sentence with “as for” 你可以睡床，我睡地板就可以。7. The stars were persuaded to sign seven-year contracts, durin
41、g which time the studios built up their images. (Paragraph 4)Question: How do you think the stars can make a balance between the image of character setting and the image in their real life?8. No country in the world has developed so expertly the skill of advertising as the Americans. (Paragraph 5)Pa
42、raphrase: The Americans have developed the skill of advertising more skillfully than any other country in the world.In this sentence, please pay attention to a structure “not so as，which means “ 不如9. Many studio chiefs were tyrants, determined to get their own way at all costs, no matter how unscrup
43、ulous the means. (Paragraph 5)Explanation,. ”Get their own way means do what they want to, even though someone else wants something different.You shouldnt let the children always get their own way.Translation-.许多制片厂老板都非常专制，一意孤行，不计代价，不择手段。10. Stars were often typecast and if he or she appealed to the
44、 public as a lover, then he or she always played the part of a lover. (Paragraph 6)Translation:明星演员经常被指定扮演同一类型角色，如果他们成为群众情人，他们将永远 都扮演情人的角色。Discussion: Why the stars need to play the same kind of parts?11. No, sugar! You just can*t marry Mel Billigan. Hes too intellectual. Hed destroy your image.1 Ex
45、planation: destroy“ means put an end to the existence of; damage sth. so severely that it cannot be repaired.Practice: Can you replace the destroy“ in the original sentence with other words here?Tips: ruin, damage, undermine12. Only when they ceased to be stars did some of them discover that they we
46、re also good actors!(Paragraph 6)Translation:只有当他们不再是明星时，才有一些人发现他们也是好演员！17Question: Why does the author say like this?13. The Hollywood studios are still standing, but most of them have been leased to television networks. (Paragraph 7)Paraphrase: The Hollywood studios are still being used; however,
47、most of them have been rented to television networks.14. Yet Hollywood has not lost all its glamour. (Paragraph 8)Discussion: Why Hollywood has not lost all its glamour?Paragraph 9Questions1) Which sentence of the last paragraph can be seen as the topic sentence?The first sentence, Hollywood, above
48、all, has the glamour of the past,“ can be regarded as the topic sentence of the last paragraph.2) Do you agree with the writer that for many years to come the old Hollywood movies will be shown again and again in movie houses and television screens all over the world1? Justify your answer.Open to discussion.Word