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1、第一节阅读测试要求及应试指导一、测试要求阅读理解局部主要测试考生的篇章理解能力和通过阅读材料获取信息的能力。 阅读理解局部共有5项任务，其中前4项任务是每篇文章下设5个选择题，每题2 分,分值为40分;最后1项任务是阅读填空，每题2分,分值为10分，每题答案不 超过3个词（答案超过3个词不得分）0阅读理解局部所选取的文章题材和体裁广泛多样。题材包括新闻报道、科普常 识、人物传记、社会、文化、教育等内容，为考生所熟悉；体裁包括记叙文、说明 文、议论文和应用文。考生应能理解、捕捉文中的具体信息;根据文章内容进行信 息转换;根据上下文识别指代关系、推断生词的词义;根据所读内容做出简单的推 理和判断;
2、理解所读内容的主旨；理解所读内容的篇章结构;理解作者的意图、基本 观点和态度;识别不同文体的特征。二、应试指导（一）提高阅读理解能力的方法阅读理解局部的突破绝非一日之功，而是日积月累的结果。在日常学习中，考 生应从以下几方面入手：1 .扩大阅读量，提高阅读理解能力和阅读速度在日常英语学习中，考生要注意运用精读和泛读相结合的方法。根据考试要求, 考生应到达2500个英语单词的词汇量，其精读量应到达1. 5万词左右,而泛读量应 为7万词左右。因此，在精读文章的基础上扩大阅读量是提高英语阅读能力的有效 手段。扩大阅读量又是养成英 语思维方式，形成良好阅读习惯的有效方法。很多 考生在阅读中受平时精读学
3、习的影响，过分注意文章的词语及细节，以致影响了阅 读速度及对文章信息理解的深度。在阅读文章的选择上，一定要选择难度适合自己现有英语水平的文章，从易到 难逐步提高阅读层次。那种急于求成，只看难度而不切合实际的阅读训练，其学习 效果往往适得其反。2 .加强语言知识的学习和训练英语语言知识包括语音、词汇、语法等。对考生而言，提高阅读能力应将重点 放在词汇和语法上。很多人认为，将3000至4000个英语词汇记住就算突破了词汇 关，其实这是一种误解。英语的单词和短语只有放在具体的语言环境中学习才更207207第四章阅读理解pain inevitably brought by such things as
4、 marriage, raising children, professional achievement, religious commitment, and self-improvement.1. What is the author trying to tell us?a. Happiness often goes hand in hand with pain B. One must know how to attain happiness.C. It is important to make commitments. D. It is pain that leads to happin
5、ess.【精析】Ao 本段第三句 u But in fact,the opposite is true :more often than not things that lead to happiness involve some pain.”点明了文章主旨，即幸福通常与痛苦相伴， 而A项与此同义，应选A。一般来讲，主题句通常以以下五种方式出现在文章之中：A.首句主题句例 1 ： A quick reading of newspapers leads us to one conclusion. Actual events are never told us in full detail. Ne
6、wspapers only tell enough to satisfy those who finance them. If the newspapers told us what was actually going on in the world, people would be so upset that they might retrain from reading the paper.【精析】上述短文只有四句，却可以分为三个层次:第一句为第一层次，表示主题 思想;第二句为第二层次，点出“one conclusion n的具体内容;第三、四句是第三层 次，在同一平面上为第二句提供理由
7、，附属于第二句。B.尾句主题句例 1: A few years ago it was fashionable to speak of a generation gap, a division between young people and their elders. Parents complained that children did not show them proper respect and obedience while children complained that their parents did not understand them at all. What had
8、 gone wrong? Why had the generation gap suddenly appeared? Actually, the generation gap has been around for a long time. It is built into the fabric of our society.1. The main idea of the paragraph is.a. that the generation gap suddenly appearedb. that the generation gap is a feature of the societyc
9、. that parents and children could not understand each otherd. what the generation gap is【精析】Bo本段的主题句为最后一句It is built into the fabric of our society.，即 “代沟”是我们社会结构的组成局部，选项B与此同义，应选B。C.首尾结合主题句例 1: Good manners are important in all countries, but ways of expressing good manners are different from countr
10、y to country. Americans eat with knives and forks ； Japanese eat with chopsticks. Americans say nHinwhen they meet； Japanese208208第四章阅读理解bow. Many American men open doors for women ； Japanese men do not. On the surface, it appears that good manners in America are not good manners in Japan, and in a
11、way this is true. But in any country, the only manners that are important are those involving one persons behavior toward another person. In all countries it is good manners to behave considerately toward others and bad manners not to. It is only the way of behaving politely that differs from countr
12、y to country.【精析】这段文章的首句和尾句都是主题句。这种重复既起了强调文章主题的作用，又起了首尾呼应的作用。D.中间句主题句例 1: There is a simple economic principle used to determine prices. It is called the law of supply and demand.Supply means the amount of,or access to, certain goods. Demand represents the number of people who want those goods. If t
13、here are more goods than wanted, the price of them falls. On the other hand, if the demand for these goods is much greater than the supply, then the price rises. Of course, manufacturers prefer to sell more goods at increased prices.1 .The best title for this passage is.a. Economic PrinciplesB. Law
14、of Supply and DemandC. More Goods,Low PricesD. Fewer Goods,Higher Prices【精析】B。A选项泛指经济规律，面太宽;C、D选项只是对B选项的展开，是它 的两个方面，面太窄。只有B选项才是文章自始至终谈论的主题。E.无明显主题句如果文章中没有出现明显的主题句，这就要求考生先通读全文，然后再归纳带 有论点段落的要点，最后综合几个要点得出全文主旨。例 1: The Egyptian kingdom was not self-contained but traded widely with the outside world, usi
15、ng the enormous surpluses of wheat grown on rich valley soil to profit from high prices resulting from famine in various parts of the Mediterranean world. Relations with the neighboring and in some ways similar civilization of Mesopotamia were always close, though often hostile. Syria and Palestine
16、suffered much in biblical times from the competition of the two world powers of the day, For a long time, Egypt ruled over Syria but gradually its power, declined and it was conquered, first by the Assyrians( 663 B. C.) and then for a longer term by the Persians(525 - 332 B. C.).1 .This passage is m
17、ainly about.a. the early history of EgyptB. wheat trade between Egypt and itsneighborsC. the fall of EgyptD. famine in the Mediterranean world【精析】A。本段的主题思想并非直接由一两个句子表述，而是在文中间接暗示209第四章阅读理解的，这就 需要根据文中细节进行概括与归纳。B、C、D选项均不是对本段主题的 概括。二、阅读填空题及其解题技巧例1:How to write contact details in your CV?Print your name
18、in large letters at the top of the page. You dont have to write “Curriculum Vitae across the top, as we know what it is, and what we need to know is who you are.Make it as easy as possible for prospective (未来的)employers to talk to you, so include your address, email, and mobile phone number. If you
19、are posting your CV on a website, then remember basic web security and just use an email address. You do not have to include your home phone, and take care with work numbers and emails.You do not need to give any personal information such as date of birth, marital status, disabilities, health and de
20、tails of parents or children. There is no need to include a photograph unless it is requested.How to write contact details in your CVTop of page: 1 your name in large lettersItems: to be included: 1) 232) mobile phone numbernot to be included: 1) 4, such as date of birth2) 5 unless it is requested例2
21、：In Downtown Los Angeles, you will have the opportunity to see the Music Center. the Los Angeles performing arts center which used to be the home of the Oscar Ceremony for more than thirty years. You will see the birth place of Los Angeles, and follow the history from the beginning at Olvera Street
22、and see the oldest church in the city, Our Lady Queen Of LA.You will witness and take a memorable picture of the world famous sign HOLLYWOOD. In Hollywood you will walk down the famous Walk of Fame before you stop at the Manns Chinese Theatre. You will have a chance to see the cement (水泥)hand and fo
23、ot prints of the Hollywood great people. Then off to Beverly Hills to see the homes of your favorite stars and Rodeo Drive where the rich and famous do their shopping.210第四章阅读理解Lunch stop is at the new and historic Farmers Market. At the Farmers Market you will have time to choose and eat from the m
24、any different food courts （食府）and shop at one of the biggest shopping malls in the west side.Famous Sites to Visit in Los Angeles1. Music Center in downtownOlvera Street, the f Los Angeles2. Our Lady Queen Of L.A, the oldest 2 in the cityFamous sign HOLLYWOOD3. Manns 3Walk of Fame: cement 4 prints o
25、f the Hollywood great people4. Beverly Hills and 5The historic Farmers Market第三节历年真题及名家精析（一）Part II Reading ComprehensionPassage 1Thank you for shopping at Sparky Clothes!We hope that you have enjoyed shopping with us and that you are very happy with your purchases. All of our clothes are made with
26、the highest quality materials. Were sure youll enjoy wearing your Sparky item of clothing for many years to come. Please note that you must return items to us within 28 days if you dont want them. We offer exchanges for items which do not fit （too small, too big, etc.）. We also offer credit notes wh
27、ich are valid for one year. We only offer refunds for items which are faulty. Please note that we cannot offer exchanges or refunds unless you have the receipt.If you have any questions about our return policy, please email customercare sparky .Dont forget to visit our website for news of special of
28、fers and discounts!And remember: if you want to get the $ 500 voucher for Sparky Clothes, just visit our website and fill in the questionnaire. Good luck!211第四章阅读理解1.According to the shop, Sparky clothes are made with.a. good valueB. high quality materialsC. high fashionD. environmentally friendly m
29、aterials2. If you want to return something, you should do so.a. in less than 28 days after buying it B. in less than 2 weeks after buying itC. within a yearD. immediately3. How long will you be able to use a credit note for?a. 28 days. B. 2 months. C. A year. D. 2 years.4. How can you find special o
30、ffers?a.Visit your local store.B.Email customer care.c.Look out for TV ads.D.Visit the website.5. What do you need to do if you want towin $ 500 to spend on clothes?a. Follow the shop on social media.b. Return a faulty item.C.Fill in a questionnaire.d. Send an email, asking a question about the retu
31、rn policy.Passage 2Holiday accommodation parks, sometimes referred to as motor camps, are found in towns, resorts and rural areas, often near a natural or tourist attraction. As well as offering tent and power sites, accommodation can include on-site caravans, standard rooms, kitchen cabins and en s
32、uite units.Holiday parks have central facilities for showers, toilets, cooking and laundry and most have recreational facilities such as playgrounds, TV and game rooms. For camper vans and mobile homes, holiday parks offer security and protection for overnight stays. They provide access to waste and
33、 rubbish dump stations, laundry and toilet facilities. Many holiday parks also provide units with en suite facilities and some are fully self-contained with a TV, a kitchen, a bathroom and usually separate bedrooms.Backpacker hostels are generally independently owned where the emphasis is on getting
34、 travelers together. Most offer a mixture of shared rooms ( dormitories which may be single-sex on request). Double, twin and single rooms are also available.6. You can find holiday accommodation parks in the following places EXCEPT.A. townsB. rural areas C. resortsD. suburbs7. Which of the followin
35、g statements is TRUE?a. Holiday parks offer facilities for showers for each camper van.b. All holiday parks provide units with en suite facilities.c. Separate bedrooms are contained by some units with en suite facilities.d. All holiday parks have recreational facilities such as playgrounds.212第四章阅读理
36、解8. What is the emphasis of backpacker hostels on?a. Getting travelers together.b. Offering a mixture of shared rooms.c. Offering double, twin and single rooms.d. Generating independence.9. What can be inferred from Paragraph 3?a. Backpackers can only live in the shared rooms.b. Backpackers may not
37、be allowed to share dormitories with opposite sex.c. Backpackers can not use single rooms. D. Backpackers can cook by themselves.10. How many kinds of accommodation options are mentioned in the passage above?a. 1.B. 2.C. 3.D. 4.Passage 3Like all buildings, hotels can catch fire. Plan what to do when
38、 you check in. You wont have time to make a plan during a fire.If there is any sign of fire, call the front desk immediately. Give your name, room number, and a brief description of the situation. If your family is with you, determine a meeting place outside the building so that you*ll know whether
39、everyone is safe. Feel the door to see if it is warm. If it is, do not open it. If it is not warm, drop to your knees and slowly open the door, but be ready to shut it tightly if smoke rolls in. If the corridor is clear, head for the exit.Do not stand upright, but keep low to the floor to avoid smok
40、e. When you reach the exit, walk quickly, but carefully down the stairs. If you are unable to leave your room, make every effort to let people know that you are in your room. If you cannot reach the front desk, call the local department and explain clearly your exact location so that you may get hel
41、p as soon as possible.n. According to the passage, when a hotel is on fire, you usually have no time to.a. close the door tightlyB.call the front deskc. plan what to doD.explain your exact position12. In case of a fire when you are in a hotel, the first thing you should do is to.A. call the front de
42、skB.find your family membersC. open the doorD.rush outside the building13. The purpose for you to decide where your family should go is to.A. know if every member is safeB. be able to comfort each otherC. run away from the buildingD. send the injured to the hospital14. When you open the door and smo
43、ke rushes in, you should.213第四章阅读理解a. open the door slowly and run out immediatelyb. close the door tightly and quicklyc. find out whether the corridor is clear D. shout for help15. What should you do first if you are unable to leave your room?A. Find out where the exit is.B. Call the local police.C
44、. Stand upright near the window.D. Let people know you are in your room.Passage 4This book on open education has two parts. The first part has to do with how the teacher feels about students. The second part has to do with what the teacher does in the classroom.In traditional education, the teacher
45、may feel that students are not very grown-up. The teacher feels he must tell the students what to do and make the students study specific things. In open education, the teachefs feelings are very different. The teacher feels the students are individuals first, and students second. A studenfs ideas a
46、nd feelings are as important as the teachers. The teacher allows his students to decide what they want to do, and does not make them study specific subjects or things. The teacher lets them decide what to study and how much to study.In the traditional classroom, the students are told there is a list
47、 of things that they must do to finish the class. There are rules made by the teacher that the students must follow. In open education, the teacher allows the students to choose what to do. There are no specific things for the students to do, because there are no traditional rules made by the teache
48、r. The only rule in an open classroom is the rule for everyones safety. The students are allowed to discover subjects in the open classroom, instead of being made to study them. Open education is a really complex idea.16. What is this passage mainly about?A. The system of traditionaleducation. B. The characteristics of openeducation.C. A comparison of twokinds ofeducation. D. An emphasis on openeducation.17. According to the passage, students in open education.A. have more freedomB. are restricted by regulationsC. study harderD. have better results in