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1、广东省广州市2020-2022届高三一模英语试卷汇编阅读理解专题广东省广州市2022届高三一模英语试题第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项选出最佳选项。AScientific educational toys can develop kids reasoning, problem-solving and critical thinking capacity and improve their hand-eye coordination （协调）.But the most powerful thing is that the chi
2、ldren will associate learning with fun. That means they will grow into adults with a thirst for knowledge and a highly developed set of skills for learning. Here are some of the best:Science KitYou can guarantee two things if you buy your kids one: a lot of fun and a lot of mess. Ifs a 20-piece kit
3、that teaches the basics of chemical reactions. If s recommended fbr kids aged 6 and above, with adult company. You dont have to be a scientist, since there is an activity book with instructions for possible experiments.Mini Terra KitYou dont have to wait for the sun to come out to teach kids about t
4、he natural world. This all-inclusive kit is a miniature garden that simulates a natural environment by using a powerful LED light. It includes a terrarium jar, light-up jar lid, Micro USB charger, and all the natural ingredients to get started. It also has a simple instruction booklet that you can w
5、ork through with your kids.Gravity RunThis classic is not just about building a structure and watching the marbles go up and down. The games are designed for kids aged 8+ to develop spatial awareness, planning, and reasoning. With 60 challenges （beginner to expert）, this award-winning game can be en
6、joyed by all the family. The expert levels are actually quite challenging, so be prepared for some failures.WeRo KitThis prize-winning robot toy features over 840 pieces, a WeRo Move Hub, Interactive Moto, and a Distance Sensor. You can build it into 5 completely different robots, meaning endless fu
7、n for the kids and even adults. Once theyve built the character of their choice, they can programme it to perform countless tasks including walking and talking on its own.21. What is the greatest strength of scientific educational toys?A. Training young scientists.B. Stimulating learning desireC. De
8、veloping hand-eye coordination.22. Which toy suits kids who enjoy growing plants?A. Science killB. Mini Terra Kit.C. Gravity Run.D. WeRo Kit.23. What is special about WeRo Kit?A. It has different levels.B. It is the only prize-winner.C. It allows visitors to carry out simple experiments.D. It is the
9、 museum with the longest history in London.3. Where would you most likely find this passage?A. In a British school book.B. On a London street map.C. In a London tourism guide book.D. On the British Museum Entrance Board.BAdriana put down the knife, stepped back and looked at her finished painting. S
10、he was usually her own worst critic, but today Adriana was pleased with what she saw. Sunset was her best work yet! Not that her classmates would agree. Their reaction to her abstract art was always “Whats that supposed to be? or Artists use brushes to paint, not knives, string and cloth.Still, she
11、didnt care. Adriana painted to please herself, not others.When she showed the work to Mr. Marcus, her middle school art teacher, the net day, he shook his head and said sternly, Please Adriana, Ive had enough of this. Anyone hearing this comment and its tone would naturally think Mr. Marcus was crit
12、icizing her work, but it was his frustration speaking. He loved Adrianas paintings and had repeatedly begged her to show them publicly. She always refused.As her middle school graduation approached, however, Adriana began worrying about university. Her parents would cover her study fees, but Adriana
13、 planned to pay for her university books, art supplies and accommodation herself. So, this time, when Mr. Marcus made the suggestion, Adriana agreed. A disbelieving grin appeared on Mr. Marcuss face.The following day, after checking the newspapers and visiting several local real estate offices, Adri
14、ana and Mr. Marcus wandered around the town looking for a suitable location. Finally, though, they could not find anything within their price range.At the days end, the pair entered a small coffee shop to rest. Mr. Marcus could see the disappointment on Adrianas face and, as a woman came to take the
15、ir order, said, “Dont worry. Well find somewhere to show your art. On hearing this, the woman said, “Did you say art? You know we show local artists works right here in the cafe/9 pointing to the paintings hanging on the walls. Bring a few of your pieces around tomorrow for me to look at. Tm Susan b
16、y the way, the owner., After thanking Susan for her offer, Adriana and Mr. Marcus left the cafe in amazement.The next morning Adriana brought along Sunset and Mr. Marcus the two paintings of Adrianas hed purchased earlier that year. Susan studied the paintings in silence, concentrating hard on each
17、one. After what felt like a lifetime, she turned to Adriana and said, Td be honoured to hang these in my ca危”What can we learn about Adriana from the first paragraph?A. She was very independent in her thinking.B. She was not very popular with her classmates.C She was easily affected by other peoples
18、 opinions.D. She was very confident in her own artistic abilities.4. What was Mr. Marcuss opinion of Adrianas paintings?A. Strongly critical.B. Very positive.C. Somewhat frustrating.D. A little confusing.5. Why did Adriana finally agree to show her artwork?A. Her high school graduation was getting n
19、earer.B She felt guilty about troubling Mr. Marcus.C. Her parents were in desperate need of money.D. She wanted to help support herself during university.6. Adriana finally found a place to show her artwork mainly because of.A. friendly encouragementstrong determinationB. careful planningD.good luck
20、CAs we continue to explore farther out into our solar system and beyond, the question of humans living on other planets often comes up. Manned bases on the Moon or Mars for example, have long been a dream of many. There is a natural desire to explore as far as we can go, and also to extend humanitys
21、 presence on a permanent or at least semi-permanent basis. In order to do this, however, it is necessary to adapt to different extreme environments. On the Moon for example, a colony must be self-sustaining and protect its inhabitants from the airless, harsh environment outside.Mars, though, is diff
22、erent. While future bases could adapt to the Martian environment over time there is also the possibility of modifying the surrounding environment instead of just co-existing with it. This is the process of terraforming - adjusting Mars, atmosphere and environment to make it more Earth-like. But the
23、bigger question is, should we?One of the main issues is whether Mars has any native life or not and if it does, should it be preserved as much as possible? If the answer is yes, then large-scale human settlements on Mars should be completely off-limits. Small colonics might be fine, but living on Ma
24、rs should not be at the expense of any native habitats, if they exist. If Mars is home to any indigenous life, then terraforming should be a non-issue; it simply should not be done.What if Mars is lifeless? Even if no life exists there, that untouched and unique alien environment needs to be preserv
25、ed as it is as much as possible. Weve already done too much damage here on our own planet. By studying Mars and other planets and moons in their current natural state, we can learn so much about their history and also learn more about our own world. We should appreciate (he differences of other worl
26、ds instead of just transforming them to suit our own ambitions.7. What is the best title for the text?A. A Is there life on Mars?B. Can we adapt to Mars?C. Should we terraform Mars?D. Are Mars and Earth So Different?8. What does the author think we should do if life is found on Mars ?A. Ensure that
27、its not harmed.B. Negotiate with the Martians.C. Change the unpopulated regions.D. Assess the advantages and disadvantages.9. What does the underlined word indigenous“ in paragraph 3 mean?A. Complex.B. Native.C. Foreign.D. Intelligent.10. How does the author develop his ideas in the text?A. By refer
28、ring to others* research.B. By evaluating different planets.C. By justifying the benefits of terraforming.D. By arguing in support of one viewpoint.DAfter 400 years, William Shakespeare (1564-1616) is still widely celebrated as a great crafter of language and playwright (居lj作家).But he was not the on
29、ly great master of dramatic writing to die in 1616, and he is certainly not the only writer to have left a lasting impact on theatre. While less known worldwide, Tang Xianzu is rightly considered Chinas greatest playwright and is highly admired in that country of ancient literary and dramatic tradit
30、ions.Tang was born in 1550 in Linchuan, Jiangxi Province, and worked as a government official until, in 1598 and aged 49, he retired to focus on writing. Unlike Shakespeares large body of plays and poems, Tang wrote only four major plays: The Purple Hairpin, A Dream under a Southern Bough, Dream of
31、Handan and The Peony Pavilion - widely considered to be his masterpiece. In the latter three, much of the story is told through dream sequences. Tang used these scenes to explore human emotions in ways that challenged the feudal system of his time. It is a similar dream structure that we find in Sha
32、kespeareA A Midsummer Nighfs Dream.Tang lived towards the end of the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644) and, similarly to Shakespeare, his lasting success was partly due to the growth of theatre as an artistic practice during his lifetime. As in Shakespeare*s England, it became hugely popular in China, with p
33、ublic theatres opening in different cities and traveling performance groups becoming common. Theatrical audiences started to populate open public spaces, and theatre as a popular form of entertainment found its place outside palaces. However, unlike in Shakespeares England, there was hardly any mixi
34、ng of the rich with commoners at theatrical events.During this time, the way in which play-texts were enjoyed, spread and performed also changed. Initially, Chinese dramas had an emphasis on poetic language and were distributed in book form, to be read like novels. They were seldom, if ever, perform
35、ed. However, from the mid-16th century, kunqu opera, a form of musical drama, spread from southern China to become a symbol of Chinese culture.While Tang and Shakespeare lived a world away from each other, they share in common the humanity of their drama, their heroic figures, their love for languag
36、e, a lasting popularity - and the anniversary during which we still celebrate them.11. Why does the writer refer to Shakespeare throughout this article about Tang?A. To compare the writing styles of the writers.B. To emphasize Tangs importance in literature.C. To assess the achievements of these two
37、 great writers.D. To examine the different influences of Tang and Shakespeare.12. What distinguishes The Purple Hairpin from Tangs other plays?A. It does not rely heavily on dream scenes.B. It is widely considered to be his best work.C. It was the only play to be publicly performed.D. It challenged
38、the feudal system of ancient China.14. What characteristic was shared by both English and Chinese theatre during Tangs lifetime?A. Music and poetry were present in most performances.B. The popularity of public theatrical performances grew rapidly.C. Different social classes often attended the same p
39、erformances.D. Most plays were written to be read as novels rather than performed.15. Which of the following would the author probably agree with?A. Tangs plays were superior to his poems.B. Tang is more widely read than Shakespeare.C. Tang is the best playwright in Chinese history.D. Tang and Shake
40、speare knew of each other s works.参考答案广东省广州市2022届高一模英语试题【本篇是一篇应用文，介绍4种有助于培养孩子们思维和动手能力的玩具。】21-23: BBD21. Bo细节题。从原文首段第二句But the most powerfulwith fun.”可以看出该种玩具最强大的地方是玩和学联系起来，即激发学习欲望。22.BO细节题。从原文第三段第一二句可见，这个玩具可以让孩子接触自然世界。因此适合喜欢植物的孩子。23 .Do细节题。题目问WeRo Kit有什么特别之处，我们可以通过找出与其他玩具的相似点 后排除的方法来解题。只有D讲到WeRo Kit
41、需要孩子的编程技巧，而其他玩具都没有提及。【精品解析】【本篇是一篇说明文，介绍一本名叫100 Things Weve Lost to the Internet的 书】24-27: AADD24 .答案为A,推断题。根据题目找主旨定位到文章第1段最后一句。本周一本由Pamela Paul所写，名叫100 Things We ve Lost to the Internet的书，后续的文段都在介绍此书，可以排除BCD选项，所以选择Ao.答案为A,细节题。由题干list可定位到第2段第一句，Paul在书中列举了 100种我 们以前用的，但如今被互联网改变或完全取代的事物。根据文意这些变化主要是与互联网
42、相 关，B项E-pay电子支付在互联网出现以前没有，C项post card明信片和D项washing machine与互联网无关，所以选择A。25 .答案为D,猜词题。根据划线部分定位到第3段，作为一个长时间收集各种随机知识的 人，清单上的一些内容打动了我，说出了我心中所想。所以选择D。26 .答案为D,推断题。根据题文同序原则，可推断该篇最后一题的定位信息会出现在倒数第二段。此段最后一句可知，有一些东西被改变了，因此可以得出科技正在改变世界，所以选D。【精品解析】本篇是一篇说明文，介绍关于三星堆遗址的考古发现。28-31: CBAC. Co细节题。题干问两种文明的相似点。可以定位到第三段re
43、semble 一词，意思是“相 似“；从本段最后一句，”两种文明的树木的代表意义都提供了一个非常类似的象征手法。因 此选Co 29. Bo推断题。题干问三星堆遗址的发现证实了什么。定位第四段最后一句，意思是这个 时期的文明已经有一些之前被认为会更晚的时间才发展起来的技术了。因此选B,有的技术 其实更早就发展起来了。30 . Ao细节题。题干问的是两个遗址的保存工作所遇到的共同挑战是什么。定位到倒数第 二段the conservation of ruins,后半句句意为多雨气候和潮湿对两个遗址都是是很大的问 题。因此说明是潮湿天气是共同的挑战。31 . Co推断题。题干问最后一段Santo的话的
44、重点是什么。定位末段，重点在于what it showsis that之后 的表语从句，意为“我们（中国和墨西哥）依然是姐妹文化，因此，交流这类知识是必不可少的。”因此选C, 说明交流文化的重要性。【精品解析】本篇是一篇关于“控制气候”的议论文32-35: BBCA.答案为Bo细节题。第1段介绍了一个名叫Jason Box的科学家做了一个试验，尝试用 白色塑料覆盖冰川，以达到保护冰川的目的。从而引出后文对人类干预气候的可行性的探讨， 因此选择Bo32 .答案为Bo细节题。根据题干中的Ralph King把答案定位在第2段。根据第2段第2 句和最后一句可知，Ralph King说人们认为科技能够
45、拯救地球，但是我们还需要解决其他 像是（能源）消耗的问题。科学家们做实验乘坐的直升机消耗了 50000美金（的能源）科 技不会让我们搭便车。可知答案选Bo.答案为Co细节题。根据题干中的Grey Child把答案定位在第3段。根据第3段最后 一句根据我们自己的意志来阻止冰河时代听起来有些错误的地方，可知此人对于人类控制气 候的观点持反对意见，答案为Co33 .答案为Ao主旨题。通过前面极端列举不同的科学家对于控制气候的观点，最后一段，作者提出更喜欢地球自己照料自己，也即反对人类控制气候。选择A选项。广东省广州市2021届高三一模英语试题A1. DB【解析】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了可以产生更好
46、的效果并减少受伤风险的四种锻炼。1. 细节理解题。根据第段中“Many people often only fbcus on one exercise type, but including all four in your workout will produce better results and reduce your risk of injury.（许多人通常只专注于一种锻炼类型，但是将 所有四种锻炼都包括在内会产生更好的效果并减少受伤的风险）可知，通过将不同的运动类型组合在一起, 可以让一个人从日常锻炼中受益最大。故选A项。2. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Endurance exe
47、rcises increase your breathing and heart rate.（耐,力运动可提高你的 呼吸和心率）以及第四段中“This allows for more freedom of movement fbr other exercises and can also improve your range of motion, posture,ability to breathe deeply, and bloodflow.（这样可以为其他运动提供更大的运动自由度，还可以改善你的运动范围，姿势，深呼吸能力和血液流动）可知，耐力和柔韧性锻炼对 改善呼吸功能最有用。故选D项。3
48、. 细节理解题。 根据最后段中“Most good balance exercises are ones that keep you constantly moving with your feet on the ground.（大多数好的平衡练习都是让你脚踩在地上不停地运动）可知，腿在平衡锻炼中起主要 作用。故选B项。【点睛】B4. CD5. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了荷兰布商Antoni van Leeuwenhoek受放大镜的启发自己研制了显微镜，并利用 显微镜发现了微生物，进而对科学界起到了很大的推动作用。4.细节理解题。根据首段首句“The history of microbiology begins with Dutch cloth maker named Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, a man of no formal scientific education75 （微生物学的历史始于荷兰制衣人 Antoni van Leeuwenhoek,他没有受过正式的科学教育。）可知，Leeuwenhoek只是业余爱好者。根据最后一句After removing some plaque from between his teeth and examining it under a lens, Leeuwenh