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1、福建省宁德市2021-2022学年高一下学期期末质量检测英语试题 学校:姓名：班级：考号： 一、阅读理解One of the best ways to sightsee your way through a new city is with the help of a local. With this in mind, U.S. News rounded up several Chicagos best guided tours. Youll gain a cultural and historical understanding of the Windy City during these
2、tours.Chicago Food PlanetThe three-hour tour centers on the West Loop neighborhoods amazing food scene and the history and culture of the area. Ticket prices cost $65 for adults and $50 for children ages 12 and younger. Tours are offered Thursday through Sunday at 1 p.m.Absolutely Chicago Segway Tou
3、rThe 8-mile journey on easy-to-ride, two-wheeled, battery-powered vehicles lasts about 21 hours. It has many of the citys most popular attractions, including Millennium Park, Grant Park, Monroe Harbor, the Field Museum. Tickets cost at least $76, depending on date and time. Note that riders must be
4、at least 12 years old. Tours are offered daily.Bobbys Bike Hike ChicagoThis tour combines bicycling, food and beer. The four-hour, 13-mile ride is from Gold Coast to Lincoln Park neighborhoods with stops for pizza, beer, cupcakes and hot dogs. Tickets for adults, which include the bike rental as wel
5、l as food and drinks, cost $86.99 for weekday rides (weekend rides are slightly more expensive). Participants must be at least 21 years old.Chicago Pizza TourOn this 31 -hour tour, youll visit four independently run neighborhood pizzerias and taste six or more pieces. Many reviewers insist that the
6、tour is about more than just pizza and covers Chicago history, architecture and culture. Tickets cost $60 for adults and $36 for children.1. What can you do on Absolutely Chicago Segway Tour?A. Taste some pizza.B. Enjoy some beer.C. Visit a museum.D. Go to Lincoln Park.2. Which of the following is t
7、he cheapest for adults? 会混淆）”和“the behaviors of sea life （海洋生物的行为）”可知,划线词所在的句子表 示“大片海域在夜间被点亮。这可能会混淆或扰乱海洋生物的行为”，因此划线词的意 思是“扰乱”，和upset意思相近，应选A。A. Chicago Food Planet.C. Bobbys Bike Hike Chicago.3. What is the purpose of this text?A. To promote food sales.B. Absolutely Chicago Segway Tour.D. Chicago Pi
8、zza Tour.B. To introduce Chicago.C. To share a travel review.D. To recommend some tours.2 .细节理解题。根据第三段的 “They use light as a signal to move all together to the dark deep, seeking safety from other surface creatures.（它们用光作为信号，一起移动到黑暗的 深处，寻求远离其他外表生物的安全地方。）”可知，槎足类动物可以在光的帮助下躲避 攻击。应选B。3 .推理判断题。根据第四段的Near
9、ly 2 million square kilometers of ocean get such strong night light. Thats an area about the size of Mexico. Farther down, the light gets weaker. But even 65 feet deep, its still bright enough to bother copepods across 840,000 square kilometers of ocean.（近200万平方公里的海洋得到了这样强烈的夜间灯光。这是一个和墨西哥差 不多大的区域。越往下
10、，光线就越弱。但即使是65英尺深，也足以让84万平方公里的 海洋里的极足类动物感到烦恼。）”可知，作者在第4段通过列出数字来展示光污染的严 重性，应选B。4 .标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“Not even the sea is safe from the glare（强光） of humans9 light at night. Researchers published the first global maps of ocean light pollution. It shows large parts of the sea lit up at night. And that ri
11、sks confusing or disrupting the behaviors ofsealife.（研究人员发布了第一份海洋光污染的全球地图，就连海洋在夜间也不能免受 人类强光的照射。它显示了大片海域在夜间被点亮。这可能会混淆或扰乱海洋生物的行 为。）”可知，本文主要讲的是光污染对海洋生物的影响，因此D选项“Light Pollution Even in Sea （海洋中的光污染）”可作为最恰当的题目，应选D。【答案】12.E 13.G 14.D 15.C 16. A【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是额外学习一门外语的好处。1. 空前说“Not many people are inte
12、rested in spending time, money, and effort to learn a foreign language these days. They think that knowing their mother tongue and the English language is good enough.（现在没有多少人有兴趣花时间、金钱和精力去学习一门外语。 他们认为了解自己的母语和英语就足够了。）”，空后说“I feel strongly that everyone should learn at least one other foreign language
13、 in their lifetime.（我强烈地认为每个人在一生中至 少应该学习一门其他的外语。）”，因此空格处应说前面描述的那些人的想法或做法是不 对的，E 选项 “This is a pity because there are many benefits to learning a foreign language.（这是很遗憾的，因为学习一门外语有很多好处。）”说明不学外语很遗憾，是不好的， 因此承上启下，符合语境，应选E。2. 空前说 “Traveling to other countries would be easy.（去其他国家旅行会很容易。）”，G 选项 “For examp
14、le, knowing French, you can easily travel in most European countries.（例 如，如果你懂法语，你可以很容易地在大多数欧洲国家旅行。）”是前面“去其他国家旅 行”的一个例子，因此承接上文，符合语境，应选G。3. 空后说 “ Students who learn an additional language besides English are known to do better in English and Mathematics.（众所周知，除了英语以外，学习另一门语言的学生在英语 和数学方面表现更好。）”，因此空格处应说
15、学另一门语言可以对其他方面的学习有帮助, D 选项 uLearning a foreign language can also help you improve your studies.（学习门夕卜 语也可以帮助你提高学习成绩。）”说明了学习外语对学其他东西的影响，因此引起下文, 符合语境，应选D。4. 空前说 “ Finally, the ability to communicate in another language is valuable when you want to get a job.（最后，当你想找工作时，用另一种语言交流的能力是很有价值的。）”，空后 说“This is
16、 why you will be able to deal with people from other parts of the world.（这就是 为什么你能和世界其他地方的人打交道。）”，因此空格处应解释找工作时，为什么用另 一种语言交流的能力是很有价值的，C选项“You will have the advantage over those who know fewer languages.（你将比那些懂的语言少的人有优势。）”说明了会另一门语言的价 值，因此承上启下，符合语境，应选C。5. 空前说 “In conclusion, there are many benefits tha
17、t come from learning a foreign language. Therefore, I strongly recommend that everyone learn an additional language.（总之，学习一 门外语有很多好处。因此，我强烈建议每个人学习一门额外的语言。A选项The benefits gained are worth the time and effort spent.（所获得的好处是值得花费时间和精力 的。）”中的“benefits”和前面的“benefits”相一致，且解释了作者为什么建议每个人学 习一门额外的外语的原因，因此承接上文，
18、符合语境，应选A。【答案 1 17. D 18. D 19. B20.A21.A22. B23.A24. D 25. A26. C 27. B 28. C 29. A30. B 31.C【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者偶遇一位女士撞车，作者热心地帮助了她， 两年后作者在银行面试时遇到的面试官碰巧是那位女士，女士将职位给了作者。1 .考查名词词义辨析。句意：它失去了控制，撞到了路边的一棵大树上。A.business生 意；B. style 风格;C. use 用处;D. control 控制。由后文的 “crashed into a big tree” 可 知，作者的车失控，go out
19、 of control意为“失控”,应选D。2 .考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把车停好，走过去看看他们是否还好。A. drove驾驶; B. boarded登上（火车、轮船或飞机）；C.caught抓住；D.parked停放。由后文的“walked up to see if they were OK”可知，作者停好了车，走过去看看他们是否还好。应选D。3 .考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位女司机显然受到了惊吓。A. relief宽慰；B. shock震 惊；C.gratitude感激；D.shame羞愧。由后文的“She was shaking”可知，这位女司机 显然受到了惊吓，应选B。4 .考查动
20、词词义辨析。句意：她向我借手机。A.borrow借；B. answer回答；C.show展 示；D.check检查。由后文的ait back可知,她向我借手机。应选A。5 .考查动词词义辨析。句意： 打到一半，她把 还给我，让我和她丈夫通话。A. handed 交，递；B. got 得到；C. pushed 推;D. threw 扔。由后文的 “asked me to speak to her 6. I explained”可知， 打到一半，她把 还给作者，应选A。6 .考查名词词义辨析。句意： 打到一半，她把 还给我，让我和她丈夫通话。A. father 父亲;B. husband 丈夫;C
21、. friend 朋友;D. brother 兄弟。由后文的“when her husband v 可知，女士是让作者和她的丈夫通话。应选B。7 .考查动词词义辨析。句意：我解释了我们在哪里，他求我开车送她到最近的高速公路 服务站。A. begged乞求；B. ordered命令；C.invited邀请；D. promised容许。由后文的 “me to drive her to the nearest highway service station v 可知，他求作者开车送她到最近 的高速公路服务站。应选A。8 .考查形容词词义辨析。句意：考虑到时间和她单独一人的事实，我认为这是最安全的 做
22、法。A. homesick想家的；B.careless粗心的;C.selfish自私的；D. alone单独的。由 后文的“leaving her on her own”可知，她是单独一人的，应选D。9 .考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那个地方差不多是空的，我觉得让她一个人呆着不太舒 服，所以我一直陪着她，直到两个小时后，她丈夫来了。A. empty空的；B. noisy嘈杂 的；C. tidy 整洁的；D. smelly 发臭的。由后文的 didn9t feel comfortable leaving her on her own可知，那个地方很空，作者不放心留下女士一人，应选A。10 .考查动
23、词词义辨析。句意：那个地方差不多是空的，我觉得让她一个人呆着不太舒 服，所以我一直陪着她，直到两个小时后，她丈夫来了。A. worked工作；B. argued争 论；C. stayed 停留；D. lived 居住。由上文的 “I didnt feel comfortable leaving her on her own”和后文的“with her until 2 hours laterv可知，作者和女士待在一起,空格处意为 “停留”,应选C。11 .考查动词短语辨析。句意：那个地方差不多是空的，我觉得让她一个人呆着不太舒 服，所以我一直陪着她，直到两个小时后，她丈夫来了。A. gave u
24、p放弃；B. turned up 出现；C. woke up 醒来；D. cheered up 使高兴。由后文的 “They both thanked me profusely” 可知，她的丈夫出现了，应选B。12 .考查名词词义辨析。句意：我道了别，回到了高速公路上。A. greetings问候；B. worries 担忧；C. goodbyes 再见；D. thoughts 想法。由后文的 “got back on the highway ” 可知， 作者和那对夫妻道别，空格处是“再见”，应选C。13 .考查动词词义辨析。句意：两年后，我在一家银行竞争一个职位。A. competed竞争；
25、 B. sent 发送；C. paid 支付；D. thanked 感谢。由后文的 “for a position at a bank” 可知， 作者竞争一个职位，应选A。14 .考查动词词义辨析。句意：面试官恰好是在高速公路上发生事故的那位女士。A. desired 渴望;B. happened 碰巧；C. pretended 假装；D. failed 失败。由后文的be the lady who had the accident on the highway n可知，面试官恰好是在高速公路上发生事故的那位 女士，空格处是“碰巧”，应选B。15 .考查名词词义辨析。句意：只要你想，这个职位就
26、是你的。A. plan计划；B. honour 荣幸;C.role角色，职位;D.dream梦想。由上文的“for a position at a bank”可知,此 处表示“只要你想，这个职位就是你的。应选C。【答案 1 1. try; out 2.broke; away 3. run; out 4. tripped; over【解析】1.考查祈使句和固定短语。句意：为什么不参加学校足球队的选拔呢？ “参 加的选拔”是固定短语tryout, why not do sth ,是祈使句，意为“为什么不做某事”, 空格处用动词原形，故填try；out。2 .考查动词短语。句意：20世纪，爱尔兰南部
27、脱离了英国。空处表示“脱离”，使用动 词短语breakaway from,结合时间状语“In the20th century”可知，句子用一般过去时。 故填broke；away。3 .考查动词短语。句意：如果干旱再持续一个月，我们的供水就会用完。根据汉语提示 可知，本空用动词短语run out “耗尽”。句子时态为一般将来时，空前有will,所以动 词用原形。故填run out。4 .考查动词时态。句意：一个女人被石头绊倒了，她的水罐哗啦一声掉到地上。“被 绊倒”是trip over,由went可知，句子时态用一般过去时，空格处动词用过去式tripped, 故填 tripped, over。【
28、答案】Lin; despair【解析】1.考查介词短语。句意：听到这个消息，他很快就绝望地放弃了尝试。“绝望” 英语使用“despair”,根据所给句子提示可知，此处需要使用介词短语作状语,“in despair” 意为“绝望地。故填in；despair。【答案】37. amaking38. were achievedand39. disappointedwhere40. to sendsuccessfully41. byexploration【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是人类对太空进行探索的历史。1 .考查冠词。句意：在1957年苏联发射人造卫星1号、1961年尤里加加林进入太空 之前
29、，探索太空只是一个梦想。dream是可数名词，表泛指，前面需加不定冠词，dream 是辅音音素开头，因此不定冠词用a,故填a。2 .考查现在分词。句意：1969年，美国人尼尔阿姆斯特朗登上月球，实现了 “人类的 一次巨大飞跃”。分析可知，句中谓语是stepped,空格处用非谓语动词，Neil Armstrong 和make之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动作状语，故填making。3 .考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：在此之后，我们实现了更多的目标。目标是被 实现，句中描述过去的事情，空格处用一般过去时的被动语态，主语goals是复数，因 此空格处是 were achieved,故填
30、 were achievedo.考查连词。句意：苏联联盟11号和美国挑战者号上的所有宇航员都在执行任务期间 死亡。USSRs Soyuz和Americas Challenger之间是并列关系，句子是肯定句，因此用 and连接两个句子，故填and。4 .考查形容词。句意：这些灾难让每个人都感到悲伤和失望，但探索太空的愿望仍在继 续。空格处用形容词作宾语补足语，修饰everyone应用-ed结尾的形容词disappointed, 意为“失望的”,故填disappointed。5 .考查定语从句。句意：来自不同国家的宇航员一起工作的国际空间站就是一个很好的 例子。分析可知，“astronauts f
31、rom different countries work together” 是定语从句，从句中 不缺主语或宾语，先行词The International Space Station,是地方，因此空格处用关系 副词 where,故填 whereo.考查动词不定式。句意：2003年，杨利伟在神舟五号成功地绕地飞行后，中国成为 第三个将人类送入太空的国家。随后，神舟五号的任务和探索月球的运载工具、玉兔号 和嫦娥四号相继升空。country前有序数词the third修饰，空格处用不定式作后置定语,故填 to sendo.考查副词。句意：2003年，杨利伟在神舟五号成功地绕地飞行后，中国成为第三个
32、将人类送入太空的国家。随后，神舟五号的任务和探索月球的运载工具、玉兔号和嫦娥 四号相继升空。空格处用副词successfully修饰动词orbited, successfully意为“成功地”，故填 successfully o.考查介词。句意：2003年，杨利伟在神舟五号成功地绕地飞行后，中国成为第三个 将人类送入太空的国家。随后，神舟五号的任务和探索月球的运载工具、玉兔号和嫦娥 四号相继升空。根据语境可知，“神舟五号的任务和探索月球的运载工具、玉兔号和嫦 娥四号相继升空”是在“杨利伟在神舟五号成功地绕地飞行”后发生的，因此是前面的 事情是被后面的事情跟随，空格处表示“被，用介词by,故填b
33、y。6 .考查名词。句意：通过太空探索，科学家希望未来的发现能让我们了解宇宙是如何 开始的，以及如何在未来生存下去。空格处用名词作主语，根据语境可知，句子表示“通 过太空探索，科学家希望未来的发现能让我们了解宇宙是如何开始的，以及如何在未来 生存下去”，空格处意为“探索”作宾语，名词是exploration, space exploration意为“太 空探索故填exploration。【答案】My dear friends,I am very pleased to stand here and give a speech.Today my topic is how to be an exce
34、llent teenager.First, an excellent teenager needs to learn to share. Sharing can make people more tolerant and generous, which helps us to become socially responsible people. Whats more, excellent teenager should learn to communicate with others. Communication can make us better at understanding oth
35、ers feelings and become a compassionate person, which will make us more caring and conducive to the healthy and harmonious development of the society.Thats all, thank you!【解析】【导语】 本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生以How to be an excellent teenagerv为主题写一篇 演讲稿。要点如下：L建议（如学会提供，与人沟通等）及其理由；2.发出建议。【详解】.词汇积累优秀的：excellentoutst
36、anding宽容的：tolerant-lenient有 同情心 的：compassionate一sympathetic另 夕卜： whats morein addition1 .句式拓展简单句变复合句原句： Today my topic is how to be an excellent teenager.拓展句： Today my topic is what we can do to be an excellent teenager.【点睛】高分句型 1 Sharing can make people more tolerant and generous, which helps us to
37、 become socially responsible people.（运用了 which引导的非限制性定语从句）高分句型 2 Communication can make us better at understanding others feelings and become a compassionate person, which will make us more caring and conducive to the healthy and harmonious development of the society.（运用 了 which 弓I 导的非限制性定语从句）【答案】Fi
38、nally, I arrived home, and I began when I saw my mom. Mom, I was scared to death on the way home just now, and a bad man followed me all the time. Fortunately, I hid behind the car, and he didnt find me, so he left. I said incoherently. After hearing this, my mother also showed a frightened expressi
39、on on her face. She said, Fortunately, you,re safe. But wheres your father? Isnt he picking you up?” I showed an aggrieved expression and said, “I waited for him outside for a while, but he didnt turn up. I thought it was time to go home, so I came back first. At this time, my father hurried in, and
40、 he said to his mother, I didnt get our daughter. When I went to pick her up, I didnt see her. Her friend said she had gone home. T chased out, and it seemed that I saw her on the road, but she disappeared in a moment.”Hearing what my dad said, my mom couldn 1 help laughing. Mother said cunningly, L
41、ook, whos that?” Then she winked at me. My father turned to look at me, and then showed a relieved and surprised expression. He asked me, “Didnt you hear me when I called you? What were you running fbr?, I smiled awkwardly, glanced at my mother, and then said, well.，I was very afraid, thinking you w
42、ere a bad person, so I hid. Dad laughed after listening, and encouraged me that I did well and know how to protect myself. But my father also said at least I should look around. In fact, sometimes things are not as bad as I think. After that, I realized that excessive fear will affect our judgment a
43、nd thinking, so no matter what happens, we should be calm.【解析】【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者要去参加朋友的生日聚会，作者的妈妈让作者十点 之前回家，作者的爸爸容许作者去接她。在生日聚会上，作者玩的很开心，结果到了十 点作者想要回家时，她并没有看到她爸爸来接她，所以她自己一个人先回家了。在路上 她很害怕，她觉得遇上了坏人，就快速地跑回了家。【详解】.段落续写：由第一段首句内容“最后，我回到家，当我看到妈妈的时候，我开始哭了可知，作 者向妈妈哭诉她路上的遭遇并抱怨爸爸没有去接她。由第二段首句内容“听到爸爸说的话，妈妈忍不住笑了
44、。”可知，作者的爸爸去接她， 结果由于作者太过害怕，并没有听出其实是她的爸爸在喊他。1 .续写线索：给朋友过生日十点前回家没有等到爸爸自己回家害怕 哭诉乌龙感悟.词汇激活行为类：跟着我：follow me/go after me 回来：come back/return匆忙进来：hurry in/step in hurriedly情绪类吓得要死：be scared to death/be frightened to death尴尬地笑：smile awkwardly/give an embarrassed smile【点睛】高分句型 1 Dad laughed after listening,
45、and encouraged me that I did well and know how to protect myself, （that 引导的宾语从句）高分句型 2 After that, I realized that excessive fear will affect our judgment and thinking, so no matter what happens, we should be calm. （that 弓I 导的宾语从句和 no matter what 弓| 导的让步状语从句相结合）It is natural for young people to admi
46、re cool and good-looking young “idols”（偶像）.We spend a lot of time caring about them - even more time than we spend on our studies or work. We often wonder: What makes them so popular? What could I do to be cool like them?Well, guess what? Many of your idols are only made to “look” cool. If you could
47、 see into their private lives, you would find these stars arent so bright. Their beauty is only skin-deep. Some of them might not be as honest, kind or hard-working as you are! They arent worth the popularity that they enjoy at all!When I was a teenager, I, along with most of my classmates, had admi
48、red pop idols, too. Then, one day, I discovered Leonard Cohen and Neil Young. They were ordinary-looking people who played the guitar while sitting on a bench. They wore no flashy（奢华的）clothes, and they had no screaming fans. They didnt need to be flashy because their songs were great and meaningful. They told the truth: Life is hard and the road you take might sometimes be lonely. Most of all, they taught me that it was okay if I was not popular and cool all of the time. I still listen to them today.Modern idol culture, often sends the wrong message that life is alw