备考2023年中考英语语法知识点清单专题18-状语从句.docx

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1、专题18 .状语从句2023年中考英语知识清单(通用版)目录考情分析:U1 .状语从句概念: 11.时间状语从句: 112 .地点状语从句:13.原因状语从句:133 .结果状语从句: 13.目的状语从句:147条件状语从句:15.让步状语从句:158 ,牛刀小试 15考情分析:中考主要考查状语从句的类型有:时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、结果 状语从句、目的状语从句、条件状语从句及比拟状语从句等。1 .状语从句概念:用一个句子(从句)来作另一个句子(主句)的状语,用作状语的句子就叫作状语从句。作 什么样的状语就叫什么类型的状语从句。引导状语从句的连接词是附属连词,状语从句 可以在句

2、首,也可以在句尾。2 .时间状语从句:时间状语从句在主句中表示时间,常用连接词有:when(当时),while(当时),as (当时),before (在之前),after (在之后),since (自从),not.until(直到才),as soon as (就),once (一旦就)等。如:I didnt go to bed until I finished my homework.我直到做完作业才去睡觉。47. (2022上海浦东新模拟预测)The Silk Road was long. It passed through manycountries.(合并成一句)The Silk Ro

3、ad was long it passed through many countries.48. (2021 上海模拟预测)We got lost in Hopson One because it was very big.(保持句意基本不变)Hopson One is big we got lost in it.49. (2021甘肃金昌一模)I went to bed after my parents came back last night.(改为同义句)I go to bed my parents came back last night.50. (2022上)每模拟预测)1 clim

4、bed to the top of the mountain in order to have a bird viewof the town.(保持句意不变)I climbed to the top of the mountain I could have a bird view of thetown.专题18 .状语从句2023年中考英语知识清单(通用版)目录考情分析:U1 .状语从句概念: 11.时间状语从句: 112 .地点状语从句:13.原因状语从句:133 .结果状语从句: 13.目的状语从句:147条件状语从句:15.让步状语从句:158 ,牛刀小试 15考情分析:中考主要考查状语

5、从句的类型有:时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、结果 状语从句、目的状语从句、条件状语从句及比拟状语从句等。1 .状语从句概念:用一个句子(从句)来作另一个句子(主句)的状语,用作状语的句子就叫作状语从句。作 什么样的状语就叫什么类型的状语从句。引导状语从句的连接词是附属连词,状语从句 可以在句首,也可以在句尾。2 .时间状语从句:时间状语从句在主句中表示时间,常用连接词有:when(当时),while(当时),as (当时),before (在之前),after (在之后),since (自从),not.until(直到才),as soon as (就),once (一旦就)等。如:

6、I didnt go to bed until I finished my homework.我直到做完作业才去睡觉。I can listen to the radio while I work.我可以边听收音机边工作。(1)时间状语从句中,一般要用一般现在时代替一般将来时,一般过去时代替过去将来 时。如:I will telephone you when he comes.他来时,我会给你打 。PH stay here until you come back.我会呆在这里,直到你回来。when引导时间状语从句,表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时或先后发生,从句的谓 语可以是延续性动词,也可以是瞬

7、间动词。如:He was working when I went in.我进去时他正在工作。When she heard the news, she began to cry.她听到这个消息,她哭了起来。(3) while引导的状语从句中常用延续性动词或表示状态的动词,意思是“在期间。 while还可以表示两者之间的比照关系。如:They rushed in while we were singing.我们唱歌时,他们冲进来。I like playing football, while Tom likes listening to music.我喜欢踢足球,而汤姆喜欢听音乐。(4)as引导状语

8、从句,强调同时发生,不分先后。可以译成“随着”或“一边一边工如:John sings as he walks home.约翰一边往家走一边唱歌。(5) since引导状语从句,主句常用现在完成时,从句常用一 般过去时。We have been friends since we met in Beijing.自从我们在北京遇到就一直是朋友。It has been six years since she left school.自从她毕业已经有六年了。(6) until/ till引导时间状语从句,当主句的谓语动词是瞬间动词时,主句常用否认形式,not. until意思为“直到才。如:He did

9、nt go to bed until he finished his homework.他直到做完作业才睡觉。3 .地点状语从句:地点状语从句在主句中表示地点。其连接词有where (哪里),wherever (无论哪里)等。如:Put it where you find it.把它放在原来的地方。You can sit wherever you like.你喜欢坐在哪里就坐在哪里。4 .原因状语从句:原因状语从句在主句中表示原因或者理由。其连接词有:because (因为),as (因为), since (既然)等。如:I often eat carrots because they are

10、 good for my health.我经常吃胡萝卜是因为对我的身体有好处。As I dont know the way, I had to ask the policeman.由于我不知道路,所以我不得不问警察。(1) because表示因果关系语气最强,常用来回答why提出的问题。如:I didnt tell them because they were too young.我没有告诉他们,因为他们太小。(2) because和so不能同在一个句子里。如:Because the book was expensive, I didnt buy it. (I 前不用 so).结果状语从句:结

11、果状语从句在主句中表示结果。其连接词有:sothat(如此以至于), such. that.(如此以至于)等。如:Its such a good chance that you cant miss it.这次机会如此好,你不能失去它。注意:so.that和such .that都可以引导结果状语从句,注意so和such后面所接的 词不同。(1) such. thatsuch+a(an) +形容词+单数可数名词+ that从句such+形容词+复数名词/不可数名词+ that从句如:He was such an honest man that he was praised by the teach

12、er.他非常老实,因而受到了老师的表扬。They are such interesting novels that I want to read them once again.这些小说非常有趣,我想再读一遍。(2)但是如果名词前由many、much、few little (少)等词修饰,那么用so。如:He had so many falls that he was black and blue all over.他摔了很多跤,以至于全身上下青一块,紫一块的。(3) so . thatso +形容词/副词.十that从句so +形容词+a(an) +单数可数名词+that从句如:He run

13、s so fast that nobody can catch up with him.他跑得非常快,没人能追上他。Dr. Wang is so good that everybody loves and respects him.=He is so good a doctor that everybody loves and respects him.=He is such a good doctor that everybody loves and respects him.他是一位好医生,大家都 尊敬并爱戴他。6.目的状语从句:目的状语从句在主句中表示目的。其连接词有:so (以便),s

14、o that (为了),in order that (为了)等,从句中多用情态动词can,情H, may, should等。如:He got up very early so that he could catch the first train.他起床很早以便于赶第一班火车。I will run slowly so that you can catch up with me.我慢慢跑以便你能赶上我。7条件状语从句:条件状语从句在主句中表示条件。其连接词有:if (如果),unless (如果不,除非), as long as (只要)等。如:If it is fine tomorrow, w

15、e will go swimming.如果明天天气好的话我们去游泳。注意:在条件状语从句中,一般要用一般现在时代替一般将来时,一般过去时代替过去 将来时。如:Unless it rains, the game will be played. (= If it doesnt rain, the game will be played.) 如果不下雨,比赛就将进行。As long as you tell truth , Ill try to help you.只要你说出真相,我就尽力帮助你。8 .让步状语从句:常由 though/although (虽然),even if/ though (即使)

16、等引导,但 though/although 不能和 but 同时出现在一个句子里。如:Though its hard work, I enjoy it. (= Its hard work, but I enjoy it.)尽管这是一件艰苦的工作,但我乐意做。Though/Although it was raining, we went there.虽然下着雨,但我们还是去了那儿。She wont leave the TV set even though /even if suppers on the table.即使晚饭已摆在京上,她也不愿意离开电视机。9 .牛刀小试(2022辽宁丹东模拟预测

17、)Dont go across the crossing the traffic light turnsgreen.A. afterB, becauseC untilD. since【答案】C【详解】句意:在交通灯变绿之前不要穿过十字路口。考查附属连词辨析。after在之后;because 因为;until 直到;since 自从。MuDon9t go across the crossing.the trafficlight turns green.”可知,此处是noJuntil.结构,意为“直到才”,在句中引导时间状语从句,应选C。1. (2022辽宁沈阳二模)一Remember to ta

18、ke your mobile phone you can call mewhen you need help.OK. I will.A. even though B. so thatC. untilD. as soon as【答案】B【详解】句意:记得带上你的手机,以便在需要帮助的时候给我打 。好的, 我会的。考查连词辨析。even though即使;so that以便于;until直到;as soon as 就。分析句子可矢I, take your mobile phone”的目的是you can call me when you need help”,用so that引导目的状语从句。应选

19、B。2. (2022重庆实验外国语学校二模)You are going to lose your job you try yourbest to do your part.A. ifB. unlessC. untilD. when【答案】B【详解】句意:除非你尽力做好你那份工作,否那么你会失业的。考查附属连词词义辨析。 if是否,引导宾语从句;unless除非,引导条件状语从句;until直到为止;when 当时。根据句意可知,空后“you try your best to do your part.”是空前“You are going tolose your job”的否认条件,空处表示“除

20、非”,是unless引导的条件状语从句。应选B。3. (2022重庆中模拟手页狈U) taking exercise is important, youd better not exercise too close to bedtime.A. Though B. AsC. IfD. Unless【答案】A【详解】句意:尽管锻炼很重要,你最好不要在接近睡觉前锻炼。考查连词辨析。Though 尽管;As 因为;If 如果;Unless 除非。分析.taking exercise is important, youd better not exercise too close to bedtime.

21、”可知逗号前后是让步关系,故用“though”引导。应选A。4. (2022河北模拟预测)We cannot enter the teachers? office we knock at the doorfirst.A. though【答案】BB , unlessC. becauseD. while【详解】句意:我们不能进入老师的办公室除非我们先敲门。考查连词辨析。though尽 管;unless 除非;because 因为;while 当的时候。分析We cannot enter the teachers,office.we knock at the door Erst.”可知空格后的内容是

22、前一句的条件,故用“unless”引出 条件。应选B。5. (2022安徽黄山二模)一 Lets go cycling if it fine this Sunday.Sounds great. But nobody knows if it.A. is; rainsB. is; will rain C. will be; rains D. will be; will rain【答案】B【详解】句意:如果这个星期天天气好的话,我们去骑自行车吧。听起来不错。 但是没人知道会不会下雨。考查动词时态。第一空所在句子是状语从句,根据“this Sunday 可知,遵循主将从现的原那么,主句应该是一般将来时

23、,从句是一般现在时,主语是it, 所以空处应该填写is;第二空是所在句是宾语从句,同样根据“this Sunday”,主句是一 般现在时,从句是一般将来时,应选B。6. (2022辽宁辽宁二模)To relax ourselves means to rest we are doing somethingfun.A. whileB. ifC. untilD. although【答案】A【详解】句意:放松自己是指当我们在做一些有趣的事情时休息。考查连词辨析。while 当时候;if 如果;until 直到;although 尽管。relax ourselves means to rest.we a

24、re doing something fbn.可知,当我们在做一些有趣的事情时,放松自己就意味着休 息。应选A。7. (2022重庆一中模拟预测)There are few buses in Los Angeles.you have a car, it is hard for you to live there.A. AfterB. SinceC. UnlessD. If【答案】C【详解】句意:洛杉矶的公交车很少。除非你有车,否那么你很难住在那里。考查附属 连词辨析。After在之后;Since自从;Unless除非;If如果。根据“ it is hard for youto live the

25、re.”可知,在那生活会很艰难,除非你有车,应选C。8. (2022安徽合肥三模)Nowadays, Chinese food is getting more and more popular it is not only colorful but also tasty.A. unlessB. becauseC. althoughD. until【答案】B【详解】句意:如今,中国菜越来越受欢迎,因为它不仅颜色鲜艳而且味道鲜美。考查 连词辨析。unless除非;because因为;although尽管,虽然;until直到。根据“it is not only colorftil but also

26、 tasty.”可知,此处是表示中国菜越来越受欢迎的原因,用because引导。 应选Bo(2022,重庆巴蜀中学二模)Come on! There is always hope you stop trying.A. IfB. whenC. unlessD. after【答案】C【详解】句意:力口油!除非你停止尝试,否那么总有希望。考查附属连词词义辨析。开如 果,引导条件状语从句;when在时候,当时,在期间,什么时候;引导 时间状语从句;unless除非,引导条件状语从句;after在之后,引导时间状语从句。 分析语境可知,后半句是一个条件状语从句,空处表示“除非工应选C。9. (2022辽

27、宁抚顺模拟预测)The old man gave away much money to the poor, he lived a simple life.A. thoughB. unlessC. asD. until【答案】A【详解】句意:尽管这位老人过着简朴的生活,但他还是给穷人捐了很多钱。考查附属 连词辨析。though尽管;unless除非;as当时,因为;until直到。根据“The old mangave away much money to the poor.he lived a simple life.”可知前后句为转折关系,应用 though引导让步状语从句。应选A。10. (

28、2022河北保定模拟预测)The two girls never argue with each other theyhave different opinions sometimes.A. untilB. ifC. thoughD. since【答案】C【详解】句意:这两个女孩从不吵架,虽然他们有时有不同的意见。考查连 词辨析。until直到;if如果;though虽然;since自从。分析句子可知,到he two girls never argue with each other”和they have different opinions sometimes.”两个句子为让步关系,故 用“

29、though虽然“引导。应选Co(2022重庆模拟预测)Bobs mother wont allow him to visit his grandparents he finishes his work this weekend.A. unlessB. thoughC. ifD. as long as【答案】A【详解】句意:鲍勃的妈妈不会允许他去看望他的祖父母,除非他这周末完成了作业。 考查附属连词辨析。unless除非;though尽管;if如果;as long as只要。根据wont allow him to visit his grandparents”以及he finishes his

30、 work this weekend.”可知两句话关系是假 设且相悖,用unless引导条件状语从句。应选A。11. (2022云南昆明二模)一My health code (健康码)turns yellow today.一You have to stay at home and dont go out it turns green.A. whenB. afterC. untilD. as【答案】C【详解】句意:我的健康代码今天变黄了。你必须带在家里,直到它变绿才能 出去。考查连词。when当时;after之后;until直到;as当时。根据“dorTtgo out. it turns gre

31、en”可知,直到代码变绿才能出去,此处应用“not.until”表示直 到才”。应选C。12. (2022辽宁葫芦 岛二模)Keep working hard, and you will achieve your dream of being a writer you give it up halfway.A. unlessB. ifC. sinceD. though【答案】A【详解】句意:继续努力,除非你半途而废,否那么你就会实现当作家的梦想。考查连词 辨析。unless除非,表条件,相当于if not; if如果,表条件;since自从,表时间;though 虽然,表让步。根据you wi

32、ll achieve your dream of being a writer .you give it up halfway” 结合句意,可知本句中“放弃”是实现梦想”的否认条件,用unless引导条件状语从句, 应选Ao(2022安徽二模)While having dinner in China, the young often wait theelders take their seats.A. sinceB. until C. after D. when【答案】B【详解】句意:在中国吃饭时,年轻人常常要等到长辈就座。考查连词辨析。since自 以来;until 直到;after 在 之

33、后;when 当 时。根据the young often wait .the elders take their seats.”及中国传统文化可知,此处指等到长辈就座才能用餐,应选B。13. (2022辽宁本溪三模)Your dream is sure to come true you stick to it.A. as long asB. even ifC. as soon asD. ever since【答案】A【详解】句意:你的梦想一定会实现的,只要你坚持下去。考查连词辨析。as long as 只要;even if 即使;as soon as 就;ever since 自从。根据“Yo

34、ur dream is sure to cometrue.you stick to it”可知,“坚持下去是“梦想一定会实现”的条件,as long as“只要”引 导条件状语从句。应选A。I can listen to the radio while I work.我可以边听收音机边工作。(1)时间状语从句中,一般要用一般现在时代替一般将来时,一般过去时代替过去将来 时。如:I will telephone you when he comes.他来时,我会给你打 。PH stay here until you come back.我会呆在这里,直到你回来。when引导时间状语从句,表示主句的

35、动作和从句的动作同时或先后发生,从句的谓 语可以是延续性动词,也可以是瞬间动词。如:He was working when I went in.我进去时他正在工作。When she heard the news, she began to cry.她听到这个消息,她哭了起来。(3) while引导的状语从句中常用延续性动词或表示状态的动词,意思是“在期间。 while还可以表示两者之间的比照关系。如:They rushed in while we were singing.我们唱歌时,他们冲进来。I like playing football, while Tom likes listenin

36、g to music.我喜欢踢足球,而汤姆喜欢听音乐。(4)as引导状语从句,强调同时发生,不分先后。可以译成“随着”或“一边一边工如:John sings as he walks home.约翰一边往家走一边唱歌。(5) since引导状语从句,主句常用现在完成时,从句常用一 般过去时。We have been friends since we met in Beijing.自从我们在北京遇到就一直是朋友。It has been six years since she left school.自从她毕业已经有六年了。14. (2022辽宁本溪三模)The doctor didnt leave

37、 his patients he was sure theywere all taken good care of.A. untilB. ifC. unlessD. since【答案】A【详解】句意:医生直到确保病人都被照顾很好才离开他们。考查附属连词辨析。until 直到,引导时间状语从句;if如果,引导条件状语从句;unless除非,引导条件状语从 句;since自从,引导时间状语从句。分析语境可知后半句是时间状语从句,与not搭配 构成notuntil“直到 才”。应选A。19(2022辽宁葫芦岛三模)the old man has a lot of money, he lives a

38、simple life.A. SoB. UntilC. AlthoughD. Because【答案】C【详解】句意:尽管这位老人有很多钱,但是他仍然过着简朴的生活。考查连词辨析。 So所以;Until直到;Although尽管;Because因为。两句话之间是转折关系,空处应 该使用Although引导让步状语从句,应选Co(2022广西三模)I was doing my homework my father came in.A. forB. whileC. sinceD. when【答案】D【详解】句意:当我爸爸进来的时候我正在写作业。考查连词用法。for因为,表示原 因;while当时候,

39、引导时间状语从句,从句必须用延续性动词;since自从,引导 时间状语时,主句要用现在完成时;when当时候,引导时间状语从句,从句动词 既可以用延续性动词,也可以用非延续性动词。此句主句不是现在完成时,排除C;后 面的从句表示“时间”,排除A;从句中的动词“came in”是非延续性动词。应选D。20. (2022云南昆明二模)一I like to sle叩 with the window open it is really cold.Me, too.A. soB. unlessC. untilD. if【答案】B【详解】句意:我喜欢开着窗户睡觉,除非真的很冷。我也是。考查连词辨析。 so

40、因此;unless 除非;until 直到;if 如果。根据“I like to sleep with the window open .it is really cold”可知,除非天气很冷,否那么喜欢开着窗户睡觉,用unless引导条件状语从 句,应选B。21. (2022吉林长春三模)I will go camping with my friends tomorrow,the weather is fine.A. ifB unlessC thoughD. since【答案】A【详解】句意:如果天气好的话,我明天会和朋友去野营。考查连词辨析。if如果,引 导条件状语从句;unless除非,

41、如果不,引导条件状语从句;though尽管,引导让步状 语从句;since自从,引导时间状语从句。分析语境可知the weather is fine”是“I will go camping with my friends tomorrow”的条件,而且应表达“如果天气好”,因此用if引导。 应选Ao(2022江苏南通中考真题)Mary is good at writing. I am sure shell get a good place she takes part in the writing competition.A. beforeB. ifC. thoughD. unless【答案】

42、B【详解】句意:玛丽擅长写作。如果她参加写作比赛,我相信她会获得好成绩。考查连 词辨析。before在 以前;if如果;though尽管;unless除非。根据“I am sure shell get a good place.she takes part in the writing competition.”可知后句是前句的条件,应用 if 弓| 导条件状语从句,应选B。22. (2022吉林长春中考真题)I didnt understand my moms love we had a longtalk.A. until B. if C. since D. because【答案】A【详解】

43、句意:直到我们进行了一次长谈,我才明白了妈妈的爱。考查连词辨析。until 直到;if 如果;since 自从;because 因为。根据“I didnt understand my moms love .we had a long talk”可知,此处用not.until表示“直到 才,应选A。23. .(2022辽宁抚顺中考真题)一The TV play a lifelong Journey ( Aik IXI ) is wonderful. 一I think so. I want to enjoy it again Ive watched it once.A. untilB. since

44、C. thoughD. if【答案】c【详解】句意: 电视剧人世间很精彩。我也这么想。虽然我看过一次了, 但还想再看一遍。考查连词辨析。until直到;since自从;though尽管;if如果。通过“Fve watched it once”可知句子之前看过一次了,前后暗含转折关系,用though引导让步状语 从句。应选C。24. (2022辽宁丹东中考真题)一 Can we win the basketball game tomorrow?Of course,we try our best.A. ifB. orC. unlessD. though【答案】A【详解】句意: 明天的篮球比赛我们能

45、赢吗? 当然,如果我们尽力的话。考查 连词辨析。if如果;or或者;unless除非;though虽然。“we try our best”是篮球比赛能 赢的肯定条件,用if引导条件状语从句,应选A。25. (2022贵州黔西中考真题)You wont pass the exam you work harder thanbefore.A. ifB. afterC. whenD. unless【答案】D【详解】句意:除非你比以前更努力,否那么你不会通过考试。考查连词。if如果,引导 条件状语从句;after在之后;when当时候,引导时间状语从句;unless除非、如果不,引导条件状语从句;根据语

46、境可知,后句是前句的条件,所以空处应是引导条 件状语从句的连词,故排除B、C项;并且主句是否认意义,空处连词应是“除非、如 果不”。应选D。26. (2022辽宁大连中考真题)The volunteers continued their work they werevery tired.A. if B. because C. although D. as【答案】C【详解】句意:志愿者们虽然很累,但仍继续他们的工作。考查连词辨析。if如果;because 因为;although 尽管;as 当的时候。根据The volunteers continued their work.theywere v

47、ery tired.”可知,空格前后句子暗含让步关系,需用although“尽管”引导让步状语 从句。应选C。27. (2022辽宁沈口日中考真题)I love going to school everyone in my class isfriendly.A. beforeB. althoughC. becauseD. unless【答案】C【详解】句意:我喜欢去上学,因为我班级的每个人都很友好。考查连词辨析。before 在之前;although尽管;because因为;unless除非。“我班级的每个人都很友好”是解释喜欢去上学的原因,用because引导原因状语从句,应选C。28. (2022广西梧州中考真题)In 2020, many doctors went to Wuhan to help t

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