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1、TheUnitedKingdom,GreatBritain,Britain,Englandmanypeopleareconfusedbywhatthesedifferentnamesmean.(Para.1,Line 2)be confused by/about 对对有疑问有疑问 /感到困惑感到困惑what引导名词性从句引导名词性从句:1.What she saw gave her a fright.主语从句 2.I managed to get what I wanted.宾语从句3.Theres something in what he says.宾语从句4.Thats what I wa
2、nt to know.表语从句GettingtoknowalittlebitaboutBritishhistorywillhelpyousolvethispuzzle(Para.1,Line 4)GettingtoknowalittlebitaboutBritishhistory动名词短语做主语，谓语动词用单数逻辑主语为you,与逻辑主语之间为主动关系Itisnouse/good_(complain)plainingFinally,inthe20thcentury,thesouthernpartofIrelandbrokeawayfromtheUK,whichresultedinthefull
3、namewehavetoday:theUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland.(Para.2,Line 7)break away(from)离开；脱离离开；脱离result from 由由发生；随发生；随产生产生 result in 造成；导致造成；导致(cause/lead to)which 在这里引导在这里引导_ _ 从句，修饰从句，修饰 _。We have today 省略引导词的定语从句省略引导词的定语从句非限制性定语非限制性定语前面整个句子前面整个句子PeoplefromtheUKarecalled“British”,whichme
4、anstheUKisalsooftenreferredtoasBritainorGreatBritain.(Para 2,Line 13)refer.to 谈到；查阅；参考；指的是；把谈到；查阅；参考；指的是；把提交给提交给 be referred to as 被称作被称作call 命名；把命名；把叫做叫做(name)eg.call the baby Anna=the baby is called Annawhich 在这里引导在这里引导_ _ 从句，修饰从句，修饰 _。非限制性定语非限制性定语前面整个句子前面整个句子Theyusethesameflag,knownastheUnionJack
5、,aswellassharethesamecurrencyandmilitarydefence.(Para.3,Line 1)known as 为动词的过去分词作为动词的过去分词作_,_,修饰前面的名修饰前面的名词词_，相当于非限制性定语从句，相当于非限制性定语从句 whichisknownastheUnionJack。后置定语后置定语share sth(with sb)(与某人与某人)共同拥有某物共同拥有某物military defence 军事防卫军事防卫 flagYang Liwei,known as the first Chinese astronaut to go into spac
6、e,is regarded as an astronautic hero.=Yang Liwei,who is known as the first Chinese astronaut to go into space,is regarded as an astronautic hero.have sth.done 使某事被 done 做 宾补 表使役的动词：have,make,get等1.Speakalittleloudertomakeyourselfheartbyusall.(hear)2.Weshouldworkhardertogettheworkrecognized.(recogniz
7、e).3.Theyaregoingtohavesometreesplanted.(种些树)TheyhadcastlesbuiltallaroundEngland,andmadechangestothelegalsystem.(Page41,line4)拓展havesthdone某事被做（done作宾补，和前面的名词构成被动关系）havesbdosth使/让/叫某人做某事,have为使役动词，后面接动词不定式作宾补，to省略；havesthtodo有.要做(主语自己做)，have表示“有”之意；havesb/sthdoingsth，让某人一直做某事，让某事持续发生，doing作宾补，和前面的名词
8、或代词是主动关系wont/canthavesbdoingsth不能容忍某人做某事典例练习典例练习1.The patient is going to have his temperature _(take).2.Ill have someone _(repair)your bicycle.3.Ill have your bicycle _(repair).4.He is sorry to have her _(wait)so long.5.We cant have you _(speak)to your parents in such a rude way.6.Dont call me this afternoon.Were having something important _(discuss)then.takenrepairrepairedwaitingspeakingtodiscuss注意:have宾语过去分词”结构中具有以下含义：1.主语“请别人做某事”Hewantstohavehiseyesexaminedtomorrow.（“检查”的动作由医生来进行）2.“遭受某一不愉快、不测的事情”Becareful,oryoullhaveyourpursestolen.3.表示“某事被做”（主语参与或不参与）