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1、英语动词语气总结英语动词语气总结陈述语气祈使语气虚拟语气虚拟语气定义:说话者用来表示假设，或难以实现的情况，而非客观存在的事实，所陈述的是一个条件，不一定是事实，甚至完全与事实相反。此外如需表达主观愿望或某种强烈的感情时，也可用虚拟语气总结：1与事实相反的假设 2表达愿望，请求，建议，命令，等虚虚 拟拟 语语 气气 表表“不可能不可能”假设假设与现在相反与将来相反（可能性小）与过去相反对现在的相反对现在的相反表示与现在事实相反的情况,条件从句的谓语动词用过去式,主句谓语动词用“would/should/could/might+动词原形”。If I had enough money,I woul
2、d buy myself a computer first of all.如果我有足够的钱,我首先要为自己买一台电脑。If I were ten years younger,I would start all over again.如果我再年轻十岁,我会从头开始的。表示与过去事实相反的情况，条件从句中谓语动词用had done（过去完成时）,主句谓语动词用 should/would/could/might have done对过去的相反对过去的相反If we had had enough rain last year,we could have gained a good harvest.如果
3、去年雨水充足的话，我们可能会有一个好收成的。If you had worked hard,you would have easily passed the final examination如果你当时努力学习的话，就会轻松通过期末考试的。表示与将来事实相反的情况,条件从句中谓语动词可用过去式、should+动词形”或“were to+动词原形”，主句谓语动词用“would/should/could/might+动词原形”。对将来的相反对将来的相反 If I saw/should see/were to see him tomorrow,I would invite him home.如果明天见
4、到他,我会邀请他到我家。If it were/should be fine tomorrow,I would go on a trip.如果明天天气好的话,我就去旅游。ifif引导的条件状语从句的虚拟语气的其他用法引导的条件状语从句的虚拟语气的其他用法(1)省略连词if。在书面语中，如果虚拟条件从句中有were，had 或should，可以把if省略，把这几个词放到主语之前，构成主谓倒装。Should he come(lf he should come),tell him to ring me upShould he come(lf he should come),tell him to ri
5、ng me up他要是来了，让他给我打个电话Were l you(lfI were you),I would not do it.我要是你，就不做这事。1.If l_ where he lived,I_ a note to him.A.knew,would B.had known,would have sent C.know,would send D.knew,would have sent2.Ididnt know his telephone number.it_,l_then.A.Had I known,would ring him up B.Should I know,would hav
6、e rung him upC.lf l knew;would ring him upD.Had I known;would have rung him up3.Mary is ill today.If she_,she_ absent from school.A.were not ill;wouldnt be B.had been ill;wouldnt have been C.had been ill;should have been D.hadnt been ill;could be4.Were I to do it,I_ it some other way.A.will do B.wou
7、ld do C.would have done D.were to do以下两种句型中,主语从句常用虚拟语气,谓语动词用“(should十)动词原形”1.It is/was important/necessary/essential/impossible/that.或 It is/was a rule/a shame/a surprise/no wonder that.It is very important that one(should)master the skills of computer.掌握电脑技能对于每个人来说都是非常重要的。It is a rule that everyone
8、(should)obey the laws.条例规定每个人都应该遵守法律。2.It is/was advised/suggested/required/decided that It is advised that one(should)take plenty of boiled water.建议每个人都多喝开水 It is required that the students(should)learn a foreign language.学生们被要求必须学一门外语。主语从句中的虚拟语气1.it is quite natural that my coming late again_ them
9、 very angry.A.had made B.would make C.makes D.make.2.It is important that we_.A.shall close the window before we leave B.will close the window before we leave C.must close the window before we leave D.close the window before we leave1.在wish后的宾语从句中,用一般过去时表示与现在事实相反;用“could/would+动词 原形表示与将来事实相反;用过去完成时表
10、示与过去事实相反I wish I were ten years younger.但愿我能年轻十岁，2.在would rather后的宾语从句中,用一般过去时表示与现在或将来事实相反;用过去完成时表示与过去事实相反Id rather you came tomorrow than today.我宁愿你明天来,而不是今天。3.表示“坚持要、建议、命令、要求”的动词insist、demand、require、request、propose、suggest、command、order等后面的宾语从句中,谓语动词习惯上用“(should+)动词原形”He insisted that I(should)co
11、me to his office at one oclock.他坚持要求我一点钟去他的办公室。特别提示这类动词若表示“建议、命令、要求、坚持要”之外的意思时一般不用虚拟语气The smile on her face suggests that she agrees with me.她脸上的笑容表明她同意我的意见。(suggest表示“暗示,表明”)The boy insisted that he hadnt broken the window.男孩坚持说他没有打碎窗户。(insist表示“坚持说,坚决认为”)宾语从句中的虚拟语气 1.由as if/though引导的方式状语从句有时也用虚拟语气
12、。与现在事实相反用一般过去时;与过去事实相反用过去完成时 The young man with long hair walks as if he were a girl.留长发的那个小伙子走起路来就像个小姑娘。2.目的状语从句中有时也用虚拟语气 引导这类目的状语从句的短语有in order that、so that、for fear that、in case 等，从句中谓语动 词的形式多为“should/may/might/can/could/would+动词原形”。I hired a boat so that I could go fishing.我租了一条船,这样我就可以去钓鱼了。状语从句
13、中的虚拟语气1.He acted as if he _everything in the world.A.knew B.knows C.has known D.wont know 2.Read it aloud so that I_ you clearly.A.may hear B.will hear C.hear D.have heard 3.They got up early in order that they _ they first train.A.Caught B.will catch C.might catch D.shall catch 4.I didnt know his telephone number,otherwise l_ him.A.had telephoned B.would telephone C.would have telephoned D.Telephone