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1、非谓语动词专题非谓语动词专题非谓语动词：在句中除了谓语动词之非谓语动词：在句中除了谓语动词之外的其它动词都叫外的其它动词都叫非谓语动词非谓语动词1.Tony lent me the money,_that I s do as much for him(2012.全国2)A.hoping B.to hope C.hoped D.having hoped2.George returned after the war,only _that his wife had left him.(2012山东）A.to be told B.tellingC.being told D.told3._with ca
2、re,one tin will last for six Weeks.(2012北京）A.Use B.Useing C.Used D.To use4.China recently tightened its waters controls near the huanyuan Island to prevent Chinese fishing boats from_.A.Attacking B.having attacking (2012 福建）C.Being attacking D.having beenattacking非谓语动词分为非谓语动词分为动名词动名词（表事情本身）（表事情本身）现在
3、分词现在分词(表进行和主表进行和主动）动）动词不定式动词不定式（表要做）（表要做）过去分词过去分词（表完成和被动）（表完成和被动）非谓语动词的形式主动被动动名词一般式doingbeing done 完成式having donehaving been done现在分词 一般式doingbeing done完成式having donehaving been done过去分词 done不定式一般式 to doto be done完成式to have doneto have been done进行式 to be doing非谓语动词的功用主语 宾语表语定语补语状语动名词现在分词过去分词动词不定式动名词
4、：动名词：1）强调事情本身，相当于名词的作用）强调事情本身，相当于名词的作用 1.Eating too much is bad for your health Being killed by sharks in the sea is a common thing.2.I like being invited to the party.I regret having fought/fighting with you.I regret having been punished by my teacher.He slid into the classroom without being seen主语
5、主语主语主语宾语宾语宾语宾语介词宾语介词宾语宾语宾语 3.My favorite sports is swimming（表事情本身）4.There is a swimming pool in our school.（表功用）no use/no good useless/senseless fun/enjoyable/tiring nice/expensive/dangerous a bore/waste of time/a good pleasure定语定语表语表语It is doing1.在早上大声读英语是一个好习惯。Reading English aloud in the morning
6、isa good habit.2.空谈是没有用的。Its no use/usless talking.3.她的业余爱好就是集邮。Her hobby is collecting stamps.4.Tom走了没有告诉我一声。Tom left without telling me.5.我很后悔受到妈妈的惩罚。I regret having been punished by my mother.现在分词现在分词:1.Did you see the swimming girl?（在游泳（在游泳的）的）The house being bulilt seems very tall.（正在被建的（正在被建的）
7、（which was being built)The boy singing on the stage is from our class.(正在舞台唱歌的）正在舞台唱歌的）(who is singing on the stage)2.The news is exciting/surprising.表语表语定语定语后置定语后置定语后置定语后置定语3.I saw him playing basketball on the playground.(在打篮球。主动关系）I saw a whale being attacked by killers（正在被攻击，被动关系）4.Being ill(As
8、she is ill),she didnt go to school.As I dont know her telephon number,I couldnt ring her upNot knowing her telephone number,I couldnt ring her up.宾补宾补原因状语原因状语When he heard the news，Tom jumped with joy.Hearing the good news,Tom jumped with joyAfter I had finished my homework,I went to bed.Having fini
9、shed my homework,I went.After he had been told many times,he understood at last.Having been told many times,he understood at last注：有时间先后关系时间状语时间状语时间状语He sat at the table and read China DailyHe sat at the table,reading China Daily.Her mother died in 1969 and left her with her four younger brothersHer
10、 mother died in 1969,leaving her with her four younger brothers.If you finish your task，you can go home ahead of timeIf finishing your task,you can go home ahead of time.伴随状语结果状语（必然）条件状语Though he had finished his design,he wasnt satisfied with it.Though having finished his design,he wasnt satisfied
11、with it.让步状语现在分词作状语：1.主从句主语是同一人。2.主句的主语与从句的动词属主动关系 3.如果有时间的先后关系，要用分词的完成式。1.看那个正在睡觉的孩子，好可爱！Look at the sleeping boy,how lovely2.你认识那个和你弟弟在跳舞的女孩吗？Do you know the girl dancing with your brother?3.Tom，来晚了，不被允许进教室。Tom,caming late,was not allowed to enter the class room.4.我看见人们来来往往。I saw people coming and
12、 going.5.一群女孩说说笑笑走进了教室。A group of girls walked into the classroom,talking and laughing.6.很久没有她的儿子的消息，这位母亲非常担心。Not having heard from her son for a long time,the mother worried a lot.7.正在维修的建筑楼是我们的教学楼。The building being repaired is our teaching building.8.点亮了一只蜡烛之后，她出去了。Having lit a candle,she went ou
13、t.9.这个孩子摔到了，撞他的头在门上。The boy fell,striking his head against the door.过去分词：过去分词：1.The fallen leaves are hard to clean.(已落下的）已落下的）The photos taken by my father are really great.（表被动）（表被动）Which was taken by my fatherThe stadium built in 2008 looks splended.（表被动完成（表被动完成）Which was built in 20082.We were s
14、urprised at the news.定语定语后置定语后置定语后置定语后置定语表语表语3.Our teach spoke so loud that she could make himself understood/heard by the students.（被动关系）He saw a man killed by a grop of men.（被动关系）I will have/get my mp3 repaired tomoroow.（被动关系）4.When he was asked about his job,he said nothing.Asked about his job,he
15、 said nothing宾补宾补宾补被动关系As I was moved by his words,I accepted his gift.Moved by his words,I accepted his gift.If we were given more time,we could do it better.Given moren time,we could do it better.被动关系原因状语被动关系条件状语Although I was invited,I wouldnt go.Although invited,I wouldnt go.Our teacher came int
16、o the classrom and was followed by a group of students.Our teacher came into the classroom,followed by a group of students.被动关系被动关系伴随状语让步状语过去分词作状语：1.主从句主语是同一人。2.主句的主语与从句的动词属被动关系1.在我的家乡有一座大桥已经建起。There is a bridge built in my hometown.2.由Lily 写的那篇真的很不错。The article written by Lily is really good.3.Tom，
17、被一群粉丝跟着，走进了大厅。Tom,followed by a group of fans，walked into the hall.4.即使他们被敌人包围，他们仍然没有屈服。Even if surrounded by the enemy,they didnt give in。5.从山上看，这个湖非常美！Seen from the top of the mountain,the lake is very beautiful!6.我听说Jim 受到了责罚。I heard Jim scolded.动词不定式：1.It is necessary to learn English well It is
18、 a honour to be invited to the meeting 2.I want to become a teacher.He wouldnt love to be treated as a child.3.The letter is to be sent by air.My job is to tecah you 4.Do you feel the earth shake?He asked me to use his pen.I d like my bedroom to be cleaned.主语主语宾语宾语表语表语宾补宾补注：一感feel 二听hear/listen to 三
19、使let/make/have 四看see/look at/watch/observe/notice这些词后的宾补要省略to,但被动形式不能省 He was seen to play in the park.5.I have a lot of work to do.Do you have anything to eat 6.To/In order to/So as to get school early,I got up early.To be praised by my mother,I worked very hard.定语定语目的状语目的状语 He went home，only to fi
20、nd his bike stolen.He hurried to the hall,only to be told that the famous film star had left.I am sorry to hear the news.7.不定式可以与疑问词连用I dont know how to use a computer.Can you tell me when to start?8.带do 动词的不定式要省toI do nothing but stay at home.You need to do is clean it.比较：I have no choice but to st
21、ay at home.表意外的结果表意外的结果原因状语原因状语1.学好英语在未来是很有帮助的。It is helpful in the future to learn English well.2.他想被邀请参加Lili的生日聚会。He wants to be invited to Lily s birthday party.3.你能帮我找一把椅子坐吗？Can you find me a chair to sit on?4.昨天他被看见在课堂上玩手机。Yesterday he was seen playing/to play Mobile phone in class.5.放学回到家，他被告诉
22、他的自行车被偷了。He went back home after school,only to be told that his back was stolen6.为了受到妈妈的赞扬，这些日子里我学习非常努力了。To be praised by my mother,I worked very hard in these days.7.你知道那一路公交车到火车站？Do you know which bus to get to the station?8.你需要做的就是卧床休息。What you need to do is stay in bed and rest.非谓语动词的一些要注意区分的情况
23、1.I wont go to the party being held now,I will go to a meeting to be held this evening.I like the stadium being built/to be built/built.在建的 要建的 已建好的(2012重庆)Were having a meeting in half an hour.The decision _at the meeting will influnence the future of our company.A.to be made B.being made C.make D.
24、having been made六六.非谓语动词充当句子成分的区别非谓语动词充当句子成分的区别 (1)不定式做主语通常会用不定式做主语通常会用形式主语形式主语，而动名词，而动名词直接处于主语的位置直接处于主语的位置，不定式表，不定式表具体场合下的一具体场合下的一次性动作或未来动作次性动作或未来动作，动名词表示，动名词表示一贯性的动作。一贯性的动作。Its important to learn English well.Teaching is my job.(2)不定式与动名词作宾语的区别：love/like/prefer/intend后无什么区别，但有些词就有不同意义了。forget/reme
25、mber/regret doing(做过)forget/remember/regret to do(要做)stop doing(停止做）go on doing(继续做）stop to do（停下来去做)go on to do(接着做mean to do打算做 try to do努力做mean doi意味着做 try doing 试着做 manage to do 设法做到 Cant help to do sth不能帮助做 cant help doing 情不自禁做 allow/permit forbid/advise sb to do allow/permit forbid/advise doi
26、ng sth3）有些词只能跟不定式：决心学会想希望，拒绝设法愿假装。主动答应选计划，同意请求帮一帮。decide/determine.learn,want,expect/Hope/wish;refuse,manage,care,Pretend,offer,promise,choose,plan,agree,ask/beg,help.4)有些动词只能跟动名词：Consider,suggest/advice,look forwaid to,Excuse/pardon,admit,delay,fancy,avoid,Miss,keep/keepon/practice,deny,finish,enjo
27、y/appreciate;forbid,imagine,risk,cant help,mind,allow/permit,escape考虑建议盼原谅，承认推迟没得想。避免错过继续练，否认完成就欣赏。禁止想想才冒险，不禁介意准逃亡。be/get used to doing,be accustomed to doing,lead to doing,devote to doing,contribute to doing,stick to doing,get down to doing/Set about doing,be addicted to doing,cant stand doing,give
28、 up doing,feel like doing,insist on doing,be busy(in）doing spend time(in)doing,be worth doing have difficulty/trouble(in),have a good/Wonderful/hard time(in)doing(5)不定式、动名词、分词做表语：不定式表一个具体还未发生的动作，动名词表示具体的事情，分词表主语所处的状态或特性。His wish is to be a teacher.His favorite sport is swimming.The book is interesti
29、ng.（6）作状语的区别：不定式表意外地结果；现在分词表必然的结果；He ran to the fourth floor,only to find the famous star gone.(意外发现）Football is played in 80countries,making it become the most popular sport in the world.（必然结果）（7）作定语的区别：不定式表要做的，现在分词表正在做的，过去分词表被动和完成，动名词表功用。The party to come即将到来的聚会（表要做的）the meeting to be held 将要举行的会议
30、（表要做的）The girl dancing on the stage is my friend.（表进行）The book written by Bajin is worth reading（表被动）the broken cupthe sleeping bag 睡觉用的睡袋（表功用）(8)with+n+to do/doing/done,随着要做/在做/做完了With a lot of problem to solve,the police cant go home though it is dark.With a lot of work doing,I cant go home though it is dark.With my task finished,I am delighted to go to the party.