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1、05 短文填空 中考英语新冠肺炎专题新材料题型专练 一、短文首字母填空 A 根据短文的内容及首字母提示写出文中所缺单词。Nowadays,online learning becomes more and more popular a1 students.Many students from home and a2 choose to study online this year.For example,Linda from the UK is learning Chinese online.She thinks she is l3 to have a chance to continue st
2、udying online this year,which is convenient at the time of COVID-19.Many students like Linda prefer this new way for several reasons.First of all,teacher can help students s4 their problems at once even if they are far away from each other.Besides,students can review their lessons through the online
3、 videos anytime,anywhere.Moreover,students can take online e5 to check their learning.【答案】1(a)mong 2(a)broad 3(l)ikely 4(s)olve 5(e)xams/(e)xaminations【分析】本文主要讲述了网上学习在学生当中变得越来越受欢迎，老师能帮助学生解决他们的问题，学生可以参加网上的考试来检验他们的学习。1 句意：如今，在线学习在学生中越来越流行。根据“online learning becomes more and more popular.students.”可知是在
4、线学习在学生中间很受欢迎。among“在之间”，是介词，故填(a)mong。2 句意：今年许多来自国内外的学生选择在线学习。根据“Many students from home and.choose to study online this year.”结合单词首字母可知此处是指很多国内外的学生选择在线学习。abroad“国外”，是副词，故填(a)broad。3 句意：她认为，今年很有可能有机会继续在线学习，因为这在新冠疫情的时候很方便。根据“She thinks she is.to have a chance to continue studying online this year,”结合
5、单词首字母可知此处是指因为新冠疫情期间，她很可能继续在网上学习，likely“可能的”，是形容词，故填(l)ikely。4句意：首先，老师可以帮助学生立即解决他们的问题，即使他们相距很远。根据“can help students.their problems”可知是解决问题。solve“解决”，是动词，固定短语 help sb.do sth.“帮助某人做某事”，故填(s)olve。5句意：此外，学生可以参加在线考试来检查他们的学习情况。根据“students can take online.to check their learning.”可知是参加在线考试。exam 或 examinatio
6、n 都可以表示“考试”，此处应该用复数形式，故填(e)xams/(e)xaminations。B 阅读下面短文，并根据短文大意及所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词。在填写答卷时，要求写出完整单词。（每空限填一词）Zhong Nanshan is a doctor in Guangzhou,who fought SARS and saved many peoples lives in 2003.In early 2020,a disease called COVID-19 hit Wuhan.T6 he could be infected（感染）easily,Zhong went to Wuhan a
7、nd fought on the frontlines.How b7 he is!Zhongs team took many medical measures to cure the patients with COVID-19.He also s8 people wear masks,wash hands often and stay at home.People were nervous at that time.Zhong kept telling the t9,helping people know more about the disease.People trusted him a
8、nd followed his advice.Thanks to Dr.Zhong Nanshan and the other doctors and nurses,the COVID-19 was finally under control.It is l10 of us to have such a great doctor.We think Zhong Nanshan is a hero and a fighter,but he says,“I am just a doctor.”【答案】6(T)hough 7(b)rave 8(s)uggested 9(t)ruth 10(l)ucky
9、【分析】文章介绍了终南山在疫情期间的英勇表现。6 句意：尽管他很容易被感染，钟还是去了武汉，在前线作战。结合“he could be infected（感染）easily,Zhong went to Wuhan and fought on the frontlines.”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“虽然，尽管”，应用 though 引导让步状语从句，故填(T)hough。7句意：他真勇敢！此处是感叹句，根据“he could be infected（感染）easily,Zhong went to Wuhan and fought on the frontlines.”及首字母提示可知，他冒着
10、被感染的风险去武汉抗疫，说明他是非常勇敢的，此处是brave“勇敢的”，是形容词作表语，故填(b)rave。8句意：他还建议人们戴上口罩，经常洗手，呆在家里。根据“people wear masks,wash hands often and stay at home.”及首字母提示可知，这是他给人们的建议，suggest“建议”，文章描述过去的事情，动词用过去式，故填(s)uggested。9句意：钟一直在讲真话，帮助人们更多地了解疾病。根据“helping people know more about the disease”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是 truth“真相”，tell the
11、 truth“说实话”，故填(t)ruth。10句意：我们真幸运能有这么一位伟大的医生。根据“of us to have such a great doctor”及首字母提示可知，有这样的一位伟大的医生是幸运的，lucky“幸运的”，形容词作表语，故填(l)ucky。C 根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。在答题卡标有题号的横线上，写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。（每空一词）Ever since the COVID-19 broke out,China has acted quickly by using a set of supportive policies(政策)t
12、o develop the economy.China chose the people-centered development policy w11 aims at making sure employment,peoples basic living levels,and the survival of businesses,e12 private and smaller ones.In order to continuously i13 the countrys growth quality and raise the living standard of the people,Chi
13、na has taken some a14.Poverty alleviation(扶贫)Poverty alleviation is the basic need and one of the most i15 goals for China.From 2012 to 2019,the number of people living in poverty in China went d16 from 98.99 million to 5.51 million,It is not just a17making the pie bigger,but also about dividing the
14、 pie and making sure n18 is left behind.New types of businesses At the same time,China is also d19 new types of business such as the electronic economy and digital economy,information technology and education to c20 more jobs and stabilize the economy.China will continue to improve the countrys grow
15、th quality and raise the living standard of the people.【答案】11(w)hich 12(e)specially 13(i)mprove 14(a)ctions 15(i)mportant 16(d)own 17(a)bout 18(n)obody/(n)one 19(d)eveloping 20(c)reate【分析】短文介绍了我国的一些自新冠肺炎疫情爆发以来的扶持政策。11句意：中国坚持以人民为中心的发展政策，就是要确保就业。观察句子，这是一个定语从句，先行词为 policy，关系词在从句中充当主语，关系代词 which 符合语境，故填
16、(w)hich。12句意：人民的基本生活水平，企业的生存，特别是私营和小型企业。观察句子，根据“private and smaller ones.”可知应该是特别指私营和小型企业这些企业生存，especially adv.“尤其地”，符合语境。故填(e)specially 13句意：为了不断提高国家的增长质量，提高人民的生活水平，中国已经采取了一些行动。in order to do sth.“为了做某事”，可知这里应该是缺少一个动词，再结合“the countrys growth quality and raise the living standard of the people”，可知应该
17、是提高国家的增长质量，improve v.“提高”符合语境，故填(i)mprove。14句意：为了不断提高国家的增长质量，提高人民的生活水平，中国已经采取了一些行动。根据前一句提到为了不断提高国家的增长质量，提高人民的生活水平，可知应该是采取了一些行动，take some actions“采取一些行动”，故填(a)ctions。15句意：扶贫是中国的根本需要，也是最重要的目标之一。观察句子，这里是最高级句型：one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数。结合常识可知扶贫是中国也是最重要的目标之一，important adj.“重要的”符合语境，故填(i)mportant。16句意：2012 年
18、至 2019 年，中国贫困人口由 9899 万人减少到 551 万人。前面提到扶贫，这里紧接着说中国贫困人口数的变化，可知应该是扶贫人口在减少，go down“下降”符合语境，故填(d)own。17句意：这不仅是要做大蛋糕，而且是要分蛋糕，确保没有人掉队。根据“but also about dividing the pie and making sure”，可知句型应该是“It is not just about,but also about”符合语境，故填(a)bout。18句意：这不仅是要做大蛋糕，而且是要分蛋糕，确保没有人掉队。根据“but also about dividing the
19、 pie”，可推知要分蛋糕，确保没有人掉队。nobody pron.“没有人”&none pron.“没有人”符合语境，故填(n)obody/(n)one。19句意：与此同时，中国也在发展电子经济、数字经济、信息技术、教育等新业态，以增加就业，稳定经济。根据常识可知，中国正在发展新型产业，时态为现在进行时，develop v.“发展”符合语境，故填(d)eveloping。20句意：与此同时，中国也在发展电子经济、数字经济、信息技术、教育等新业态，以增加就业，稳定经济。观察句子，这里是动词不定 to do 表目的“为了增加就业，稳定经济”，create v.“创造”符合语境，故填(c)reat
20、e。D Everyone has his or her own hero.For most of us,a hero is like a lighthouse which l21 us to grow up and become a better person.Over the past few months,because of the outbreak of COVID-19,most doctors and nurses havent been a22 to have a good rest.They are continuing to f23 on the front lines of
21、 this hard battle against the dangerous disease.The person I admire most is a24 them.His name is Zhang Wenhong,a doctor in Shanghai Huashan Hospital.He is a pioneer in infectious（传染白勺）diseases.I like him very much because he has given us a lot of useful s25 on the protection against COVID-19.Unlike
22、many other medical experts,Doctor Zhang has a good s26 of humour.To make his advice more acceptable,he always delivers it i27 a funny way.No wonder people like to listen to him and f28 his advice.Many young people even call him“Dad Zhang”.My hero“Dad Zhang”not only insists on working on the front li
23、nes to save peoples lives,b29 speaks in a friendly and humorous way.He is the right person who is w30 learning from.Ill work harder and try to become a man like him in the future.【答案】21(l)eads 22(a)ble 23(f)ight 24(a)mong 25(s)uggestions 26(s)ense 27(i)n 28(f)ollow 29(b)ut 30(w)orth【分析】本文主要讲述了作者敬佩的一
24、个抗疫英雄的事迹，并决心成为像他一样的人。21句意：对我们大多数人来说，英雄就像灯塔，指引我们成长，成为一个更好的人。根据“a hero is like a lighthouse”可知，此处表示“指引”，用 lead 表示，主语是 a lighthouse，时态是一般现在时，所以谓语动词用三单形式。故填(l)eads。22 句意：在过去的几个月里，由于 COVID-19 的爆发，大多数医生和护士都无法好好休息。be able to do sth.表示“能够做某事”，固定短语，此处指“不能好好休息”。故填(a)ble。23句意：他们继续在这场艰苦战斗的前线与危险疾病的作斗争。fight agai
25、nst 表示“与作斗争”，再由continue to do sth.可知，空处用动词原形。故填(f)ight。24句意：我最敬佩的人就在他们其中。根据“His name is Zhang Wenhong,a doctor in Shanghai Huashan Hospital”可知，张文宏就在这些医生和护士中，用 among 表示“在中”。故填(a)mong。25句意：我非常喜欢他，因为他给我们提供了很多关于预防新冠肺炎的有用的建议。根据“he has given us a lot of useful.on the protection against COVID-19”可知，应是预防疾病的
26、建议，用 suggestion 表示，a lot of后跟名词复数形式。故填(s)uggestions。26句意：不像其他许多医学专家，张医生有很好的幽默感。a sense of humour 表示“幽默感”。故填(s)ense。27句意：为了使他的建议更容易被接受，他总是以一种有趣的方式来表达。in a/an.way 表示“以一种的方式”，固定搭配。故填(i)n。28句意：难怪人们喜欢听他的话，听从他的建议。根据“No wonder people like to listen to him”可知，此处指“听从他的建议”，用 follow 表示“听从”。故填(f)ollow。29句意：我的英雄
27、“张爸爸”不仅坚持在第一线拯救人们的生命，而且说话的方式友好和幽默。not only.but(also).表示“不但而且”，固定短语。故填(b)ut。30 句意：他是值得我们学习的人。be worth doing sth.表示“值得做某事”，此处指“值得我们学习”。故填(w)orth。E It has been more than a year since COVID-19s pandemic broke out.People all over the world experienced a great deal of p31 as a result of the influence of i
28、t.Many people lost their health and e32 their lives.China has achieved a great success in the war a33 the terrible disease.However,in o34 to achieve a greater success,a vaccine(疫苗)that may prevent the disease s35 must be developed.L36,the vaccine has been developed successfully in China.Zhong Nansha
29、n called on the Chinese people to get vaccinated.“Dont wait,i37 the people outside China are all vaccinated,the Chinese people may have to f38 the great danger again,”he said.Zhong Nanshan hoped at l39 70-80 percent of people in China would be vaccinated by the end of this year.He is s40 that the go
30、al of the universal vaccination will be finally achieved.【答案】31(p)ain 32(e)ven 33(a)gainst 34(o)rder 35(s)preading 36(L)uckily 37(i)f 38(f)ace 39(l)east 40(s)ure【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了新冠疫情以及中国疫苗的有关情况。31 句意：全世界人民都经历了巨大的痛苦。根据下文“Many people lost their health and even their lives”可知，全世界人民都经历了巨大的痛苦。结合首字母 p 提示，此
31、处应填意为“痛苦”的 pain，不可数名词，故填 pain。32句意：许多人失去了健康甚至是生命。根据上文“Many people lost their health”可知，此处有更进一步的意思，结合首字母 e 提示，此处应填意为“甚至”的 even，副词，故填 even。33句意：中国在抗击这种可怕疾病的战争中取得了巨大的成功。根据上文“in the war”提示，此处指的是抗击这种可怕疾病的战争中。结合首字母 a 提示，此处应填意为“对抗”的 against，介词，故填 against。34句意：为了取得更大的成功。根据下文“a vaccine(疫苗)that may prevent th
32、e disease spreading must be developed”可知，研发疫苗是为了取得更大的成功。结合首字母 o 提示，in order to 为固定短语，意为“为了”，符合句意，故填 order。35句意：必须研发出能阻止疫情传播的疫苗。根据上文“a vaccine”可知，疫苗是用来阻止疫情传播的。结合首字母 s 提示，此处应填意为“传播”的 spreading，在句中作宾语，故填 spreading。36句意：幸运的是，这种疫苗在中国已经研制成功。根据下文“the vaccine has been developed successfully in China”可知，中国疫苗
33、研制成功是一件很幸运的事。结合首字母L提示，此处应填意为“幸运的是”的Luckily，副词，修饰整个句子，故填 Luckily。37句意：如果中国以外的人都接种了疫苗，中国人可能又要面临巨大的危险。根据下文“the Chinese people may have to face the great danger again”可知，此处是在假设某种情况。结合首字母 i 提示，此处应填意为“如果”的 if，连词，引导条件状语从句，故填 if。38 句意：如果中国以外的人都接种了疫苗，中国人可能又要面临巨大的危险。根据上文“if the people outside China are all va
34、ccinated”可知，如果中国境外的人都接种了，境内的可能又要面临巨大的危险。结合首字母 f提示，此处应填意为“面对”的 face，且位于 have to do 结构中，故 face 应用动词原形。故填 face。39句意：中国至少有 70%至 80%的人能接种疫苗。根据上文“Zhong Nanshan called on the Chinese people to get vaccinated”可知，钟南山提倡大家要打疫苗，他希望到年底中国至少有 70%至 80%的人能接种疫苗。结合首字母 l 提示，at least 为固定短语，意为“至少”，符合句意，故填 least。40句意：他确信普
35、及疫苗接种的目标最终会实现。根据上文“Zhong Nanshan hoped at least 70-80 percent of people in China would be vaccinated by the end of this year”可知，钟南山确信普及疫苗接种的目标最终会实现。结合首字母 s 提示，此处应填意为“确定的”sure，形容词，在句中作表语，故填 sure。二、短文汉语提示填空 A 根据短文内容和所给中文提示，写出空白处各单词的正确形式，每空不限填一词。The top ruling party official in Japan said on 41（星期四）it
36、was still possible that the Tokyo Olympics could be canceled.He 42（发言）to Broadcaster TBS when COVID-19 cases rose across Japan.He said,“If there is a great rise of cases because of the Olympics,there will be no meaning to having it.”However,he 43（增加，补充说）that he fell it was important for Japan to kee
37、p working to put on a 44（成功的）Olympic games.After all,it is a big 45（机会）to recover the Japanese economy.The government are fully focused on 46（主持，主办）the games this summer.The 47（最近的）rise in COVID-19 cases included 729 new cases on that single day in Tokyo.It has been the most serious 48（自从）early Febr
38、uary.Another Japanese official told a local TV station that if the Tokyo Olympic do go forward,the events may be held with no 49（粉丝）.The delayed Tokyo Olympics are set to open on July 23rd.People could only enjoy the events on medias.It is probably one of 50（孤独冷清的）Olympics in history.【答案】41Thursday
39、42spoke 43added 44successful 45chance/opportunity 46hosting/having 47recent/latest 48since 49fan/fans 50the loneliest/the most lonely【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，讲述了日本对于在疫情期间举办奥运会的态度和意见。41 句意：日本执政党最高官员周四表示，东京奥运会仍有可能被取消。Thursday“星期四”，故填 Thursday。42句意：当 COVID-19 病例在日本各地增加时，他接受了 TBS 电视台的采访。speak“发言”，整段描述过去发生的事情，动词用过去
40、式，故填 spoke。43句意：然而，他补充说，他认为对日本来说，继续努力举办一届成功的奥运会很重要。add“增加”，整段描述过去发生的事情，动词用过去式，故填 added。44句意：然而，他补充说，他认为对日本来说，继续努力举办一届成功的奥运会很重要。successful“成功的”，形容词作定语，故填 successful。45句意：毕竟，这是恢复日本经济的一个大好机会。chance/opportunity“机会”，a 修饰名词的单数形式，故填 chance/opportunity。46句意：政府将全力致力于今夏举办奥运会。have/host“主办”，focus on doing sth“致
41、力于做某事”，故填hosting/having。47句意：最近新增的 COVID-19 病例中，东京当天新增 729 例。recent/latest“最近的”，形容词作定语，故填 recent/latest。48句意：这是自 2 月初以来最严重的一次。since“自从”，故填 since。49句意：另一位日本官员对当地一家电视台说，如果东京奥运会如期举行，赛事可能会在没有球迷的情况下举行。fan“粉丝”，此空可以填名词单数形式也可以填复数形式，故填 fan/fans。50 句意：这可能是历史上最孤独的奥运会之一。lonely“孤独冷清的”，one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词，表示“最
42、之一”，lonely 的最高级是 loneliest 或 most lonely，故填 the loneliest/the most lonely。B When a 20-year-old woman surnamed（姓）Zhao from Chengdu caught COVID-19 on Dec 8,she never thought her case would become“famous”.She is the g51 of an elderly couple who caught COVID-19 the day before.An official report showed
43、that Zhao had been to several d52 parts of the city during the two weeks before she got her test results.They included a nail salon,a park,and several restaurants and clubs,Xinhua reported.COVID-19 patients travel h53 and surnames are sometimes made public without including other detailed personal i
44、nformation.This is done to f54 out who the patients have been in contact with and stop the s55 of the virus.However,in this case,much of Zhaos personal information was leaked（泄露）online,including her name,ID card number,home address and photos.Personal attacks then came fast and furiously（猛烈地）.Zhao g
45、ot countless calls and text messages from s 56.Chengdus public security bureau（公安局）has called on people to express their o57 in a more polite way.Legal experts（专家）have warned that anyone who leaks the personal information of others may be committing a crime（犯罪）and could f58 serious punishment.On Dec
46、 9,Zhao came forward on Toutiao and asked for the personal attacks to stop.She noted that she did not know that her grandmother had been confirmed as a COVID-19 patient when she v59 these public places.She said she does sales work at bars and went to these places as part of her j60.She apologized to
47、 Chengdus residents for causing trouble.The bureau said that they had identified a 24-year-old man surnamed Wang who leaked Zhaos personal information.Wang received an“administrative punishment“for violating（侵犯）Zhaos privacy,China Daily reported.【答案】51(g)randdaughter 52(d)ifferent 53(h)istory 54(f)i
48、nd 55(s)pread 56(s)trangers 57(o)pinions 58(f)ace 59(v)isited 60(j)ob【分析】本文主要介绍了成都的赵女士被感染新冠肺炎，在她自己不知情的情况下去过很多不同的地方，同时个人信息被泄露，因此接到很多陌生人的电话和短信，受到人身攻击，成都市公安局呼吁人们用更加礼貌的方式表达自己的看法，泄露当事人信息的王某因此会受到行政处罚。51 句意：她是前一天感染新冠肺炎的一对老夫妇的孙女。根据倒数第二段中“She noted that she did not know that her grandmother had been confirme
49、d as a COVID-19 patient”可知，她是这对夫妇的孙女，granddaughter是可数名词，意为“孙女”，主语是 she，所以名词使用单数。故填(g)randdaughter。52 句意：一份官方报告显示，赵在拿到测试结果前的两周内，去过城市的几个不同地方。根据下文中“They included a nail salon,a park,and several restaurants and clubs”可知，去过美甲沙龙、一个公园、几家餐厅和俱乐部这些不同的地方，different 是形容词，意为“不同的”，修饰名词 parts。故填(d)ifferent。53句意：新型冠
50、状病毒肺炎病人的旅行记录和姓氏有时会被公开，而不包括其他详细的个人信息。根据上文中“Zhao had been to several different parts of the city”可知，她去过几个不同的地方，这是在说明她过去的旅行史，history 历史，travel history 旅行史。故填(h)istory。54句意：这样做是为了找出病人接触过谁，并阻止病毒的传播。根据“who the patients have been in contact with”可知，此处是为了查明与哪些人接触过，find out 找出，查明。故填(f)ind。55句意：这样做是为了找出病人接触过谁