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1、2023 年中考英语阅读理解热点话题练习(中考真题+名校最新模拟真题)专题 01 碳中和/碳达峰与环境保护（2022内蒙古包头中考真题）More than 1,000 schools across the UK have signed up（报名）to a project with the aim of helping schools become carbon neutral（碳平衡的）by 2030.Carbon neutral means cutting down carbon emissions（碳排放）to zero or balancing them out in other wa
2、ys.Carbon emissions are gases such as carbon dioxide（CO2）that come out into the atmosphere,where they make climate change worse.This has also caused the temperature rise.Emissions are caused by all sorts of human activities,such as burning fossil fuels（coal,oil and gas）to make energy,cutting down fo
3、rests and some types of farming.Becoming carbon neutral includes cutting the amount of carbon emissions a school produces and balancing those that are left by taking some carbon out of the atmosphere.The project also shows how small changes can make a big difference.These might include thinking care
4、fully about energy use,cutting waste,growing food closer to where its eaten and walking or cycling to school if it is possible.Ways of balancing out the carbon emissions that a school still makes include planting trees and plants that take in CO2 as they grow.Ysgol Bro Dinefwr Secondary School in Wa
5、les has promised to run entirely on renewable（可再生的）energy（such as wind and solar power）within the next three years.At Down High School in Northern Ireland,the students are looking after their own bees.So when flowers and crops produce food,that helps.Other schools have projects to cut food waste by
6、weighing it after each meal to know how much is not being eaten.Some put the waste into a system that can turn this waste into useful things.They will be put on the garden to help plants grow.Climate change is seen as a major global challenge.We can see it all around us.So join together,find out way
7、s your school can put efforts to,and talk to a teacher about signing up.1Which statement would the author most probably agree with?AHuman activities influence the environment.BThe fight against climate change will not succeed.CMore UK schools should be introduced to the world.DWe could deal with the
8、 climate change without changing our behavior.2How could the schools reduce carbon emissions?ABy moving to the countryside.BBy cutting waste and planting trees.CBy providing more spaces for students.DBy burning coal instead of gas to make energy.3Why does the author give examples of the schools in p
9、aragraph 4?ATo praise these schools.BTo show the difficulties in the project.CTo call for more schools to take action.DTo explain the efforts made by the government.4What is the best title for the text?AHow to Help Plants Grow BSchools Sign Up to Help the Planet CCarbon Emissions in the UK Schools D
10、Our Planet,a Wonderful Living Place（2022重庆中考真题）The Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics was a great success.China has kept the promise to hold a green Olympics.Many green actions made it possible,like providing environmentally friendly smart beds,using new energy(能源)cars,supporting sporting places with 100%
11、clean energy and reusing rain and snow water.Take making ice as an example.China didnt use R507,a common material to make ice,because it isnt friendly enough to the environment.Through 18 months hard work,China independently developed the CO direct cooling technology.A net of tubes runs under the ic
12、e.High-pressure liquid(液态)CO goes through them to create heat(热)exchange.The CO evaporates(蒸发)under the ice surface.The evaporation takes in heat and turns water on the surface into ice.And the CO goes into another circle.This technology helps to make ice better and faster.And above all,it is much g
13、reener because theres no new CO produced.Among all the 15 ice sporting places in the Winter Olympics,7 used the CO direct cooling technology to make ice.As a result,much less pollution was caused.Beijing did so much more to save energy.Beijing built the new sporting places with green materials.As fo
14、r the old ones,Beijing used new glass walls to take the place of traditional walls to let more natural light in.70%of the waste heat was also reused to keep warm and dry.And a large number of new energy cars were used at the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics.The Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics is the first
15、to truly achieve carbon neutrality(碳中和),and it has set new standards in green technologies.Some newspapers say China has set an example for the world in environmental protection and green development.5How long did it take China to develop the CO direct cooling technology?A18 months.B100 weeks.C15 da
16、ys.D7 years.6The writer writes Para.3 to show _.Awhy the CO goes into another circle Bhow the new ice-making technology helped Chow sporting places used the new technology Dwhy the liquid CO runs through the net of tubes 7According to the passage,we can infer(推断)that _.Aall the buildings will be bui
17、lt with glass walls in the near future Bthe CO direct cooling technology may be widely used in the world Cthe high-pressure liquid CO will totally take the place of R507 soon Dno new standards in green technologies may be set after the Olympics 8Which of the following can be the best title for the p
18、assage?AA New Green Ice-making Technology BGreen Technologies Used in Sports CA Shared Future of Green Development DThe Green Beijing Winter Olympics（2022山东临沂市河东区教育科学研究与发展中心一模）Climate change is a big problem humans are facing.How can we deal with it?Reducing carbon emissions(碳排放)is important.But wha
19、t if we could capture carbon dioxide(CO2)from the air and use it to do other things?Recently,SpaceX founder Elon Musk said that his company is working on a new program.Its going to take CO2 out of the air and turn it into rocket fuel.It will not only be good for Earth,but“will also be important for
20、Mars,”Musk said.The air on Mars is made up of 95 percent CO2.If we could turn CO2 into fuel,we could travel the long journey from Mars back to Earth in the future.The idea may sound strange but its not totally crazy.There are already some technologies that might help with this.According to Di-Jia Li
21、u,a chemist at the Argonne National Laboratory in the US,the carbon atoms(原子)in CO2 and the hydrogen(氢)atoms in water can be combined to make methane(甲烷)or ethanol(乙醇).They could be used as fuel.If we do this on Mars,energy from the sun might be used as a catalyst(催化剂).The idea will also make space
22、travel more eco-friendly.“If the CO2-based fuel could be used in a rocket launch,we could prevent 715 tons of CO2 from being put into the air,”said Stafford Sheehan from Air Company,a US company that focuses on CO2 collecting technologies.根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。9What is SpaceX working on?AReducing CO2 emissi
23、ons.BBuilding a new rocket.CTurning CO2 into fuel.10What advantage will the program bring if it succeeds?AIt will take energy from the sun.BIt will make it easier to travel from Mars to Earth.CIt will take 95 percent of CO2 out of the air.11What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?AHow CO2 can be turned int
24、o fuel.BWhere CO2 can be taken.CHow the energy from the sun can be used.12What can we learn from what Stafford Sheehan said?AScientists use 715 tons of CO2 to launch a rocket.BThere will be no CO2 emissions anymore.CSpaceXs idea would be good for the environment.（2022辽宁沈阳模拟预测）We usually think that g
25、arbage is useless and dirty.However,an art exhibition in 2019 proves that”useless”things can actually be helpful.Dear Pretty Rubbish,an art event organized by the World Wide Fund for Nature(WWFN)and digital media art company Blackbow,was held in Beijing.It looked at wasteful garbage and asked questi
26、ons about the relationship between our lifestyles and our garbage.“We hope that everyone who visited the show can think about how useless things are produced,why they are tossed out,and whether useless things are really useless”,said Cao Yujia,the design director at Blackbow.Artists Zhou Yuxuan and
27、Liu Yifan collected nylon cable ties,LED lights and plastic bottles from designers workshops to create a work where plastics,in the shape of cells,“grow”in a comer.There,the lights blink(闪烁)regularly just like“breathing”.When people walk near it,the work responds by showing light patterns,as if comm
28、unicating with the visitors.Speaking about the work,Zhou said:“Its like some kind of communication between humans and plastics.”Plastic has a life longer than almost any creature,taking centuries to break down.Though people think plastics damage the environment,they are a big part of our daily lives
29、.“So we want to ask the question:Although the damage continues,is there a way for humans to reconcile(和解)with plastics?”said Zhou.13Which phrase can take the place of the underlined phrase“tossed out”?Aworked out Bused up Cthrown away Dput off 14Which of the following might Zhou agree with?AUseless
30、things are really useless.BArtists should make works from garbage.CPlastics should be left to break down on their own.DHumans should find a better way to deal with plastics.15Which word can best describe the art event?ACreative BWasteful CBalanced DAwful 16Which is the best title of the text?ATry ne
31、w ways to reduce garage BPlastic pollution around us CLive peacefully with“garbage”DCommunications between human beings and nature（2022广东南山实验教育集团三模）Climate change is a global challenge.One way to fight it is by reducing the amount of carbon dioxide in the air.New research shows that trees planted in
32、 China have helped in this fight.A recent study in the journal Nature shows that the amount of carbon dioxide absorbed(吸收)by new forests in two parts of China is more than we thought.These areas are in the northeastern Heilongjiang and Jilin provinces and the southwestern Yunnan and Guizhou province
33、s and Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region.They make up about 35 percent of Chinas land-based(基于陆地的)carbon sinks(碳汇).A carbon sink is a natural area like a forest or ocean that absorbs more-carbon dioxide than it emits(排放).Carbon sinks help to reduce the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere.Chinas goal is to
34、 peak(达到峰值)its CO2 emissions(排放)before 2030 and reach carbon neutrality(中和)by 2060,Xinhua reported.Carbon neutrality refers to removing as much CO2 as one puts into the air.According to study co-author Yi Liu at the Chinese Academy of Sciences,“the afforestation(植树造林)activities described in our Natu
35、re paper will play a role in reaching that goal.”17A recent study in Nature shows that _.AChina has serious air pollution BChina has planted the most trees in the world CChina has fewer CO2 emissions(排放)now DChina has planted fewer trees 18Carbon sinks will _.Aabsorb more CO2 than they emit Bgive of
36、f CO2 emissions more quickly Crelease less CO2 into the air Dhave no CO2 in their air 19According to Xinhua,China _.Ais the worlds largest emitter of CO2 Bwill bring CO2 emissions down after 2030 Cwill not release CO2 in the future Dwill reach carbon neutrality by 2030 20Which of the following is NO
37、T TRUE in the passage?AOne way to fight climate is by reducing the amount of carbon dioxide in the air.BTrees planted in China have helped fight against climate change.CNew forests in two parts of China absorbed more carbon dioxide than we thought.D35 percent of Chinas land has been affected by CO2
38、emission.21What do we know from the story?AIt takes a long time for carbon sinks to form.BClimate change is no longer a serious problem.CMore trees will be planted in China in the future.DChina has beaten climate change.（2022重庆模拟预测）Recently,the term“carbon neutral(碳中和)”has been used frequently at so
39、me important meetings in many countries.Many countries have put forward the goal of striving(奋斗目标)to be carbon neutral.China is expected to be carbon neutral by 2060.So,as middle school students,what can we do to protect the environment and live a low carbon life?Here are some suggestions for you.Tr
40、avel in a green way.Now more Chinese people have cars of their own.It has brought us a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well.So wed better do more walking,cycling and less driving.By doing so,we can save energy and reduce pollution.Cut down white pollution.We should reduce th
41、e pollution of plastic bags.When you go to the supermarket,bring your own shopping bags.Save water.Lack(缺乏)of water resources will affect the ecological environment(生态环境).So please turn off the tap after using it.Sort(分类)the rubbish.Doing garbage classification(垃圾分类)in a right way can turn waste int
42、o wealth.Plant more trees.Planting more trees means cutting down and reducing the carbon footprint(碳足迹)and spreading of greenhouse gases(气体).Use both sides of the paper.The paper production process uses a lot of trees.Now is the time that we should take up our responsibility to protect our environme
43、nt from being polluted.Lets join our hands and take actions immediately.22How many suggestions does the writer give in the passage to be carbon neutral?A5 B6 C7 D8 23In order to protect the environment and live a low carbon life,we can _.walk,cycle more and drive less use plastic bags while shopping
44、 use only one side of the paper tum off the water after using it do garbage classification in a right way A B C D 24The purpose of the passage is _.Ato call us to cut down white pollution Bto advise us to travel in a green way Cto give suggestions on why to plant more trees Dto give advice on how to
45、 protect the environment 25What is the main idea of the passage?ALive a low carbon life.BSort the rubbish.CTravel in a green way.DSave the world.（2022浙江九年级期中）Its commonly known that greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide(CO2)causes global warming.The whole world has made great efforts to improve the s
46、ituation.Among them,the trees planted in China are playing an important role.A report published in Nature shows that CO2 absorption(吸收)in two new forest areas in China is more than we thought.The two areas are located in Chinas southwestern and northeastern provinces.They make up over 35 percent of
47、Chinas carbon sinks.Carbon sinks are natural systems that absorb and store CO2 from the air.The main natural carbon sinks are trees and other plants.According to Paul Palmer,these provinces have been working on rapid forestation(造林)in large areas.Over the past 10 to 15 years,the forest areas have ke
48、pt increasing by 400-4,400 square kilometers per year.China is one of the worlds biggest countries of human-produced CO2,_.In 1978,China began a national-level forestation project.Many trees have planted in the areas of northern China to act as windbreaks.For example,about one third of the Kubuqi De
49、sert in Inner Mongolia is now covered with trees.In 2019,Alipays Ant Forest program planted 122 million trees and won the UN Champions of the Earth award for helping 500 million people live low-carbon lives.Chinas goal is to reach carbon neutrality by 2060.Carbon neutrality refers to removing as muc
50、h CO2 as one puts into the air.If Chinas goal is achieved,it will lower global warming by around 0.2 to 0.3 alone,according to Climate Action Tracker(CAT).26Chinas carbon sinks are mainly located in the _.Asoutheast and northeast Bsouthwest and northeast Csoutheast and northwest Dsouthwest and north