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1、.（一）状语从句概述定义位置状语从句用作状语，是起副词作用的句子。状语从句可以放在主句之前，也可以放在主句之后，时间、条件、原因和让步状语从句放在句首时需要用逗号和主句隔开。分类根据其作用可以分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、让步、方式和比较等状语从句。作用（二）状语从句详解（二）状语从句详解1.时间状语从句时间状语从句引导词when用法意为“当的时候”。When引导从句的谓语动词可以是延续性动词，也可以是瞬间动词。并且 when 有时表示“就在那时”示例A liar is not believed when hespeaks the truth.说谎者讲真话时也没有人相信。When he a
2、rrives,Ill call you.它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语和整个句子。When you laugh and smile,yourbody relaxes.while意为“在的时候，在的同时”。While 引导从句的谓语动词必须是延续性的，发生时间较长，并强调主句和WhileIwasstandingatthewindow,Isawseveralboysrunning along the street.While John was watching TV,his-优选.从句的动作同时发生（或者相对应）。While 有时还可以表示对比。as意为“一边一边”。As引导的动作是延续性
3、的，发生时间较短，一般用于主句和从句动作同时发生；as 也可以强调一前一后。after意为“在之后”。表示主句动作发生在从句动作之后。主句与从句的动作时间关系与 before引导的从句相反。before意为“在之前”。引导的从句不用否定形式的谓语，并且当 before引导的从句位于主句之后，有时译成“就，才”。当主句用将来时，从句 总 是 用 现 在 时；如 果before 引导的从句谓语用的是过去时，则主句动词多用过去完成时，这样以便体现wife was cooking.The writer was angry as he wastravelling on a train to London
4、because someone had invaded his“space”.He smiled as he stood up.Withmanyhungryvisitorswaiting,dont stay too long atyour table after you have finished.If an early exit is necessary,youcan leave after a scene is over.You cant watch TV before youfinish your homework.Before it ended,the theatre wasalmos
5、t empty.My father had left for Canada justbefore the letter arrived.-优选.动作的先后。till意为“直到”。一般情况下可以和 until 互换。如果主句中的谓语动词是瞬时动词时，必须用否定形式；如果主句中的谓语动词是延续性动词时，用肯定和否定形式都可以，但表达的意思不同。until意为“直到”。在强调句型中多用 until。如果主句中的谓语动词是瞬时动词时，必须用否定形式；如果主句中的谓语动词是延续性动词时，用肯定和否定形式都可以，但表达的意思不同。since意为“自从，从 以来”。引导从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词，也可
6、以是瞬时动词。一般情况下，从句谓语动词用一般过去时，而主句的谓语动词用现在I have been studying hard since Ientered the high school.It is four years since my sisterlived in Beijing.It is five years months since ourboss was not in Beijing.Im waiting for my sister.Iwont go to see my uncle untilshe es.Wait until I finish what I am doing.Sh
7、e didnt even know that it wasanearthquaketillshesawashaking(moving from side toside)light.The fireman worked very hard tillthe fire was out.-优选.完成时。但在It is+时间+since 从句的句型中，主句多用一般现在时。as soon as意为“一就”。引导时间状语从句时，如果主句用了将来时，从句一般使用现在时。2.2.地点状语从句地点状语从句引导词where用法意为“哪里”。“where 引导的地点状语从句，（there+）主句”“哪里哪里就”。主句
8、在从句后面时，there 可用可不用；主句在从句的前面时，一般都不用 there.示例Where there is a will,there is away.They were good persons.Wheretheywent,theretheywerewarmly weled.You should have put the bookwhere you found it.wherever意 为“无 论 何 地”。anywhere/wherever 引导地点状语从句+主句。anywhere 本身是个副词，但是常可以引导从句，相当于连词，意思Wherever the sea is,you wi
9、llfind seaman.Ill go anywhere you go.Tom will call me as soon as hegets home.I will call you as soon as I arrive.-优选.相当于 wherever,anywhere 引导的从句可位于主句之前，也可以位于主句之后。而wherever 本身就是个连词，表示“在何处，无论何处”。3.3.条件状语从句条件状语从句引导词if用法连词，意为“假如，如果”。当主句是将来时的时候，从句要用一般现在时。示例Dont talk loudly at the meeting.If you do,you wi
10、ll have to leave.Well go for a piic if it doesn train this weekend.unless连词，意为“除非（=if not）。当主句是将来时的时候，从句要用一般现在时。Dont discuss the problems withyour partner unless you are askedto do so.I wont go there unless you ewith me.4.4.原因状语从句原因状语从句引导词as用法意为“因为”。引导原因状语从句时表示附带。说明示例As the weather is cold,I stay at
11、home.-优选.“双方已知的原因”，语气比 since 弱，较为正式，位置较为灵活（常放于主句之前）。since意为“因为”。引导的原因状语从句一般放于主句之前表示已知的、显然的理由（通常被翻译成“既然”），较为正式，语气比 because弱。As it is raining,youd better takea taxi.As you are tired,youd betterrest.Since the earth looks like a ball,the sun can shine on only half of itat a time.Since the race is in Apr
12、il,I had torun throughout the winter,and inBoston,winters are cold.Since everybody is here.Letsbegin our meeting.because意为“因为”。引导的原因状语从句一般放于主句之后，表述直接原因，语气较强，最适合 why 引导的疑问句。Because 引导的原因状语从句有时可以与 becauseof 短语互换。Thewomanpreferswinterbecause she can skate.Idliketocollectstampsbecause they are interesti
13、ng.Imverytiredthesedaysbecause of studying physics.He cant e because he is ill.=Hecant e because of his illness.for意为“因为”。引导的原因状语从句并不说明主句行He must be ill,for he is absenttoday.-优选.为发生的直接原因，只提供一些辅助性的补充说明，for引导的原因状语从句只能放于主句之后，并且必须用逗号将其与主句隔开。5.5.目的状语从句目的状语从句引导词so that用法意为“以至，以便”。目的状语的谓语常含有 may,might,can
14、,could,should,would 等情态动词。He could not have seenme,for Iwas not there.示例Try to speak loud enough so thatpeople can hear you clearly.Mr.Green speaks very loudly sothat all the people can hear himclearly.in orderthat意为“为了”，相当于 so that.in order to 后面可以跟动词原形构成目的状语，不是目的状语从句。We shall let you know the deta
15、ilssoon in order that you can/maymake a arrangements.6.6.结果状语从句结果状语从句引导词sothat用法意为“如此以至于”。so+adj./adv.原级+that,so 是示例This year it has rained so heavilyinSouthChinathatlotsof-优选.副词，只能修饰形容词和副词。so 还可与表示数量的形容 词many,few,much,problems are caused.The ice on the lake was so thinthat people couldnt skate onit
16、.Too often,we spend so muchtime thinking about the futurethat we fail to enjoy the present.There are so few notebooks thatI cant give you any.little(这四个形容词表示多或少时)连用,形成固定搭配。so+many 或 few+复数可数名词+that;so+much 或 little+不可数名词+that.such.that意为“如此以至于”。有三种结构：Its such a wonderful song thatwe all like it.Simo
17、n is such dishonest personthat no one believes him.The boy is so young that hecant go to school.=He issuch a young boy that hecant go to school.such+a(an)+adj.+单数不可数名词+that;such(+adj.)+不可数名词+that;such(+adj.)+复数可数名词+that,such 是形容词，修饰名词或名词词组。有时可与sothat句型转换。7.7.让步状语从句让步状语从句引导词though用法意为“虽然”。不能和 but 连用。
18、但是可以同 yet(still)连用，示例So it has lived up to now thoughit isnt strong at all.-优选.构成 thoughyet(still).though较普遍，常用于非正式的口语和书面语中。even 能和though 组合表示强调，在这里eventhough=evenif(nomatterif;though即 使 也)。though 可以独立用作副词，常放在句末，意为all thesame(还 是；仍 然)或however(可是；然而)。although意为“虽然”。不能和 but 连用。但是可以同 yet(still)连用，构成alt
19、houghyet(still).Though they are twin brothers,they dont look like each other.Even if/Even though we couldafford it,we would afford it,wewouldnt go abroad for ourvacation.Although he died several yearsago,I can still remember thedays we spent together and whathe has taught me about love.Although we h
20、ad little food withus,we decided to spend thenight in the car.although 较为正式，语气比though 重，常用以强调让步概念。even 不能和 although组合。8.8.比较状语从句比较状语从句引导词asas.用法意为“和一样”。表示同级的比较。使用时要注意第一示例She is very good at painting.Shecan paint as well as here teacher.-优选.个 as 为副词，第二个 as 为连 词。其 基 本 结 构 为：as+adj./adv.原级+as。若有修饰成分，如
21、twice,three times,half,a quarter 等，则须置于第一个 as 之前。not as/soas意为“和不一样，不如”。也表示同级比较。I ran out as quickly as possible.She is not so(as)outgoing asher sister.This dictionary is not as/so usefulas you think.9.9.方式状语从句方式状语从句引导词as/(just)as.so用法意为“犹如，就像”。引导的方式状语从句通常位于主句后，但在(just)as.so结构中位于句首，这时 as从句带有比喻的含义，意为
22、“正如，就像”，多用于正式文体。as if/as though意为“就像，好像”。两者的意义和用法相同，引出If would never forget heresmile,or the way her eyes示例When in Rome,do as theRomans do.As water is to fish,so air is toman.-优选.的状语从句谓语多用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反，有时也用陈述语气，表示所说情况是事实或实现的可能性较大。常译作“仿佛似的，好像似的”。练习一一.单项填空shone as if we were the sameage.It looks as if
23、the weather maypick up very soon.1._ hes old,he can still carry this heavy bag.A.ThoughB.SinceC.ForD.So2.-Do you know if he _ to play basketball with us-I think he will e if he _ free tomorrow.A.es;isB.es;will beC.will e;isD.will e;will be3.In the zoo if a child _ into the water and cant swim,the do
24、lphins may eup _ him.A.will fall;to helpB.falls;to helpC.will fall;helpD.falls;helping4.I dont remember _ he worked in that city when he was young.A.whatB.whichC.whereD.who5.We will stay at home if my aunt _ to visit us tomorrow.A.esB.eC.will eD.is ing-优选.6.The police asked the children _ cross the
25、street _ the trafficlights turned green.A.not;beforeB.dont;whenC.not to;untilD.not;after7.I was late for class yesterday _ there was something wrong with mybike.A.whenB.thatC.untilD.because8.Ill go swimming with you if I _ free tomorrow.A.will beB.shall beC.amD.was9.In the exam,the _ you are,_ the_
26、mistakes you willmake.A.careful;littleB.more careful;fewestC.more careful;fewerD.more careful;less10.You should finish your lessons _ you go out to play.A.beforeB.afterC.whenD.while11.I hurried _ I wouldnt be late for class.A.sinceB.so thatC.as ifD.unless12.When you read the book,you d better make a
27、 mark _ you have anyquestions.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.though13.The teacher raised his voice _ all the students could hear him.A.forB.so thatC.becauseD.in order14.He took off his coat _ he felt hot.-优选.A.becauseB.asC.ifD.since15.It is _ that wed like to go out for a walk.A.a lovely dayB.too lovely a da
28、yC.so lovely a dayD.such lovely aday16.Mary had _ much work to do that she stayed at her office all day.A.suchB.soC.tooD.very17._ I felt very tired,I tried to finish the work.A.AlthoughB.BecauseC.AsD.As if18._ the day went on,the weather got worse.A.WithB.SinceC.WhileD.As19._ well you can drive,you
29、must drive carefully.A.So long asB.In order thatC.No matter howD.The moment20.Write to me as soon as you _ to Beijing.A.will getB.getC.gettingD.got二.根据中文意思完成下列英语句子1.不管他跟我开什么玩笑，我都不生气。I am not angry with him,_ _ _ jokes he _ on me.2.布鲁斯太太对学生非常亲切，以至于学生把她当做母亲。Mrs Bruce was _ kind to her students _ they
30、_ her _their mother.3.只要我们竭尽全力，父母就会满意我们的表现。Our parents will be pleased with our performance _ _ _ we-优选.try our best.4.你一到 XX 就给我打个好吗？Will you please call me _ _ _ you get to Shanghai.5.这个七岁的女孩酷爱钢琴，以至于他已经坚持练习两年了。The seven-year-old girl likes playing the piano _ _ _ shehas kept practicing for two yea
31、rs.6.虽然她很忙，他还坚持自学英语。_ _ _ _,she kept on learning English by herself.7.他长大后相当一名记者。He wants to be a journalist _ _ _ _.8.无论刮风下雨，我们的老师总是第一个到校。_ _ windy or rainy,our teacher is always the first to get to school.9.如果人人为保护环境做出贡献，世界将会变得更美好。_ _ _ _ _ to protecting the environment,theworld will bee much more
32、 beautiful.10.李明昨天没来上学，因为他病了。Li Ming didnt e to school _ _ _ _.练习二1.The meeting didnt start_ everyone was there.A.becauseB.untilC.whyD.if2.The boy _ to bed _ his mother came in.A.went not;until B.didnt go;after C.went;until D.didnt go;until-优选.3.I wont believe you_ I have seen it with my own eyes.A.
33、before B.until C.after D.when4.He _ home _ she was satisfied _ his answer yesterday.A.didnt go;until;withB.wasnt go;after;toC.doesnt go;before;withD.didnt go;until;to5.He _ back until the work _ done.A.isnt;will be B.isnt;is C.wont be;will be D.wont be;is6.They didnt start the work _ their teacher c
34、ame back.A.until B.while C.as soon as D.if7.Tom will call me as soon as he _ Shanghai.A.arrives B.will reach C.arrives in D.get to8.Im sure hell e to see me before he _ Beijing.A.will leave B.is leaving C.leave D.leaves9.I will tell him the news as soon as he_ back.A.e B.es C.will e D.came10.Tom has
35、 got a watch.He _ it for two years.It _ by his father.A.has bought;was bought B.has got;is bought,C.was bought;has bought.D.has had;was bought 11.When he got to the station,the train _.A.left B.had left C.leaves D.has left12.The boy told his father what he _ in the street.A.saw B.have seen C.had see
36、n D.see-优选.13.We _ TV when the telephone _.A.watched;was ringing B.were watching;rang C.watch;rings D.are watching;rang14.By the end of last term,I_ ten books.A.had finished reading B.have finish reading C.had finish to read D.finish read15.I _ you for a long time.Where _ you _A.didnt see;did;go B.d
37、idnt see;have;goneC.havent seen;have;been D.havent seen;have;gone16.Tom_ China for 3 years.A.has been B.has been in C.has been to D.has been at17.I wont go to see the film tonight,because I _ my ticket.A.lost B.have lost C.will lose D.didnt lose18.-Hello!May I speak to Bob-Sorry,but he _ for a month
38、.A.had been away B.was left C.left D.has been away19.I _ him since I began to live in the city.A.know B.have known C.knew D.will know20.Zhao Lan _ already _ in this school for two years.A.was;studying B.will;study C.has;studied D.are;studying21.Betty didnt go to see the film yesterday _ she was ill.
39、A.because B.but C.until D.if22 May I sit nearer_I can see more clearly-优选.A.as if B.so that C.even if D.so23._ you work hard,you will certainly succeed.A.Though B.If C.Because D.For24._ he came to study in the university,he has made much progress in thestudy of English.A.While B.When C.Since D.After
40、25.Id like to go swimming _ the water is not too cold.A.for B.unless C.if D.whether26.There are _ many league members in class 2 _ in Class 4.A.both;and B.so;that C.either;or D.as;as27.-Do you have a big library-No,we dont.At least,not_yours.A.as big as B.as big than C.as bigger than D.bigger as28.S
41、uzhou is not _ beautiful _ Hangzhou.A.as;than B.so;as C.even;than D./;than29.Iron is more useful _ any other metal.A.as B.than C.then D.so30.I want to know _ she is going to see a film.A.if B.that C.what D.which31.You are sure to pass the exam _ you study hard.A.if B.thoughC.that D.since32.Ill go to
42、 see the film with you_I have time this evening.-优选.A.whether B.so C.if D.when33._ you study harder,youll never pass the final exam.A.If B.Until C.Unless D.Except34.Although it was raining,still worked in the fields.A.but they B.and they C.they D.and yet they35._ there were only five soldiers left a
43、t the front,_ they went on fighting.A.Because;so B.If;and C.Though;but D.Though;/36._ she is very old,_ she can still work eight hours a day.A.Because;so B.Though;but C.As;yet D.Though;yet37.Please answer the question in a loud enough voice _ all the class mayhear.A.so,that B.or C.in order that D.an
44、d38.Lift it up_I may see it.A.thoughB.so thatC.asD.than39.I hurried_I wouldnt be late for class.A.soB.so thatC.ifD.unless40.We should go by bus _ we can get there earlier.A.as soon as B.where C.in order that D.as41.The dictionary is so expensive _ I cant buy it.A.becauseB.whenC.thatD.if42.I got ther
45、e _ late _ I didnt see him.A.too;to B.such;that C.so;that D.so;as-优选.43.It is _ hot in the room _ we have to go out for a walk.A.such;that B.so;that C.as;as D.such;as44 He has_ an interesting book that we want to read it.A.soB.suchC.the sameD.as-优选.练习一答案一.1.A 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.A6.C 7.D 8.C 9.C 10.A11.B
46、12.C 13.B 14.A 15.C16.B 17.A 18.D 19.C 20.B二.1.no matter what;plays2.so;that;regarded;as3.as long as4.as long as5.so much that6.Though she was busy7.when he grows up8.Whether its9.If everyone makes a contribution10.because he wasill练习二参考答案：1-5B D B A D6-10 A C D B D11-15 B C B AC16-20B B D B C21-25A B B C C26-30 D A B B A31-35 A C C C D36-40 D C B B C41-44 C C B B-优选