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1、第五章第五章 形容词和副词形容词和副词一、形容词、副词概述一、形容词、副词概述1 1、形容词定义：、形容词定义：形容词(adjective)，简称 adj，用来修饰名词或代词，表示人或事物的性质、状态和特征。2 2、副词定义、副词定义：副词(adverb)，简称 adv，用来修饰动词、形容词或副词，表示时间、频率、范围、语气、程度等。二、形容词、副词考点纵览二、形容词、副词考点纵览考点对应典型例题剖析考点对应典型例题剖析知识点考点知识点考点考点考点1 1：形容词作定语。：形容词作定语。形容词作定语，放在名词之前，不定代词之后。形容词作定语，放在名词之前，不定代词之后。He lives in a
2、 beautiful house.他住在一座漂亮的房子里。There is nothing important in todays news.今天报纸上没有什么重要内容。典型例题典型例题 1 1It is a kind of _(health)food.考点一：考点一：形容词的功形容词的功能及位置能及位置答案：答案：healthy healthy典型例题典型例题 2 2Do you know _ in this fieldA.anybody famous B.famous anybodyC.somebody famous D.famous somebody答案：答案：A A典型例题典型例题 3
3、 3We all like Julia,because she is a _ girl.A.alike B.lovely C.awake D.well答案：答案：B B考点考点2 2：形容词作表语。：形容词作表语。形容词作表语，放在系动词（形容词作表语，放在系动词（be,be,feel,feel,look,look,smell,smell,taste,taste,sound,sound,get,become,keep,turn,seemget,become,keep,turn,seem 等）之后。等）之后。Everything will be all right.一切都会好的。After a
4、long walk,I felt tired.走了很远的一段路后我累了。表语形容词只能做表语或后置定语，表语形容词只能做表语或后置定语，这类词多半是以这类词多半是以a-a-开头的形容词。开头的形容词。alone 单独的 asleep 熟睡的 awake 醒着的alike 相似的 afraid 害怕的 alive 活着的She was alone at home.她独自一人在家。I was awake all night.我整个晚上都没合眼。The girl awake is his younger sister.那个醒着的女孩是他的妹妹。典型例题典型例题 1 1-What do you thi
5、nk of the cake-It tastes _.A.good B.badly C.well D.terribly答案：答案：A A典型例题典型例题 2 2The_ girl was smiling.She looked very _.A.asleep,happy B.slept,sad C.sleeping,happy D.sleep,angrily答案：答案：C C典型例题典型例题 3 3We should keep _ in the reading room.A.quite B.quietly C.quiet D.quickly答案：答案：C C考点考点3 3：形容词作宾语补足语。：
6、形容词作宾语补足语。形容词做宾语补足语，放在宾语之后，常与make,leave,keep,find等动词连用。He keeps the classroom clean every day.他们每天保持教室干净。People usually keep the vegetables fresh in the fridge.人们常把蔬菜放在冰箱里保鲜。典型例题典型例题 1 1It is good to leave the door _ when it is very cold.A.open B.opened C.close D.closed答案：答案：D D典型例题典型例题 2 2We all lo
7、ve Miss Yang.She always makes her history class very_.A.interest B.interests C.interesting D.interested答案：答案：C C典型例题典型例题 3 3I found the door _ when I got home.A.opened B.close C.unlocking D.open答案：答案：D D考点考点4 4：形容词的名词化。：形容词的名词化。“the+形容词”具有名词特征，表示一类人或事物。如the old(dead,rich,poor,sick,beautiful,new.)当表示
8、一类人或事物作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。The blind are taken good care of in our country.在我们国家盲人受到很好的照顾。当表示抽象概念时，谓语用单数。The beautiful is not always the useful.美丽的并不总是有用的。考点考点5 5：形容词的先后顺序。：形容词的先后顺序。如果有两个或两个以上的形容词修饰一个名词时,形容词的先后顺序由它们和被修饰的名词之间的密切程度而定,越密切的形容词越靠近名词。如果几个形容词的密切程度差不多则按音节少的形容词放在前面,音节多的形容词放在后面。为方便记忆，可记住一句话：美小圆旧黄，法
9、国木为方便记忆，可记住一句话：美小圆旧黄，法国木书房。书房。限定词冠词指示代词物主代词a(n)thethismy数词序数词基数词描绘性形容词goodkindsickrudenice性状形容词形状大小长短高低年颜色国籍龄地区新出处旧温度oldnewhotcoldredblackBritishChineseAsianeastern材料物质目的用途firstsecondthirdonetwolittlebiglargelongroundsquarestonesilkwritingmedical典型例题典型例题 1 1John Smith,a successful businessman,has a
10、_ car.A.large German whiteC.white large GermanB.large whiteGermanD.German large white答案：答案：B B典型例题典型例题 2 2There are dinner tables on display in the hall.A.two big round new Chinese woodenB.two Chinese big round new woodenC.big round new Chinese two woodenD.big round new two wooden Chinese答案：答案：A A典型
11、例题典型例题 3 3Mr.Brown has car.A.a beautiful new AmericanB.a new American beautifulC.a new beautiful AmericanD.an American beautiful new答案：答案：A A考点考点1 1：副词的分类及位置。：副词的分类及位置。表示类别表示类别时间地点程度频率方式例句例句now,then,before,ago,early,lately,late,yesterdayhere,there,above,below,down,up,downstairs,upstairs very,much,so
12、,too,quite,fairly,ratheralways,usually,often,sometimes,rarely,seldom,hardly,neverfast,quickly,slowly,happily,quietlyhonestly,maybe,generallyfor example,such as.when,where,why,howtherefore,besides,otherwise,however,moreover,still考点二：考点二：副词的功能副词的功能及位置及位置评注举例疑问联系位置：位置：1.一般副词做状语时放在谓语动词之后，如谓语动词后带有宾语，放在宾语
13、后。2.频率副词放在 be 动词、助动词或情态动词之后，行为动词之前。3.某些逻辑连接副词，为了强调上下句衔接，放在句子前。修饰形容词和副词时，要放在所修饰词之后。典型例句典型例句They are laughing happily.他们在高兴地大笑。Im doing my homework carefully.我在认真的做作业。She is never late for school.她上学从不迟到。We often go out for a walk after supper.晚饭后我们常常去散步。He got up early enough to catch the bus.他起得足够早，
14、可以赶上公交车。考点考点1 1：形容词、副词比较级的变化规则。：形容词、副词比较级的变化规则。（1 1）规则变化规则变化考点三：考点三：构成法构成法形容词副词形容词副词单音节词比较级、最比较级、最+er/est高级高级以不发音e 结尾的词+r/st单个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词，双写末尾辅音字母+er/est以辅音字母+y结尾的词，变 y为 i+er/est多音节词在前面+more/most(2)(2)不规则变化不规则变化原级good/well原级原级shortcoldwidelargebig比较级比较级shortercolderwiderlargerbigger最高级最高级shortestc
15、oldestwidestlargestbiggesthotheavybusyimportantbeautifulhotterheavierbusierhottestheaviestbusiestmore importantmost importantmore beautifulmost beautiful比较级betterworseolder/eldermorelessfarther/further最高级bestworstoldest/eldestmostleastfarthest/furthestbad/ill/badlyoldmany/muchlittlefar典型例题典型例题 1 1I
16、wish you do talking and some more work.Actions speak louderthan words.A.less B.much C.more答案：答案：A A典型例题典型例题 2 2There are people in China than in India.That means thepopulation of China is than that of India.A.much;smaller B.more;large C.bigger;more D.more;larger答案：答案：D D典型例题典型例题 3 3We have sent some
17、 books to the children in that village.However,they still need (many).D.little答案：答案：moremore考点考点2 2：形容词、副词原级用法。：形容词、副词原级用法。表示二者在性质和程度上相同时，用“表示二者在性质和程度上相同时，用“asas+adj./adv.+adj./adv.原级原级+asas”结”结构。构。He runs as fast as you.他跑的和你一样快。Nothing can be so simple as this.再没有比这更简单的了。表示“不如”或“不相等”表示“不如”或“不相等”，用
18、“，用“not as/so+adj./adv.not as/so+adj./adv.原级原级+as+as”或“或“less+adj./adv.less+adj./adv.原级原级+than+than”结构。”结构。This picture is not so good as that one.这幅画没有那幅画好。He doesnt write as carefully as his sister.他写字不如她妹妹细心。表示“表示“A A 是是 B B 的倍”时，用“的倍”时，用“A+is+A+is+倍数倍数+as+adj./adv.+as+adj./adv.原原级级+asas+B+B”结构。结
19、构。（一半（一半 halfhalf；两倍两倍 twicetwice；三倍及以上：三倍及以上：基数词基数词+times+times）。Our school is twice as large as theirs.我们学校是他们学校两倍大。典型例题典型例题 1 1John is the tallest boy in the class,_ according to himself.A.five feet eight as tall as B.as tall as five feet eightC.as five feet eight tall as D.as tall five feet eigh
20、tas答案：答案：B B典型例题典型例题 2 2He speaks English well indeed,but of course not _ a nativespeaker.A.as fluent as B.more fluent thanC.so fluently as D.much fluently than答案：答案：C C典型例题典型例题 3 3We have planted _ as _ trees as they have.A.two times;much B.two times;moreC.twice;many D.twice;more答案：答案：C C考点考点3 3：形容
21、词、副词比较级用法。：形容词、副词比较级用法。比较级用于两者进行比较，结构为“比较级用于两者进行比较，结构为“A isA is 比较级比较级 than B than B”。My bike is more beautiful than hers.我的自行车比她的漂亮。He works harder than before.他工作比以前努力。表示两者之间选择，用“表示两者之间选择，用“which/whowhich/who isis 比较级，比较级，A A or Bor B”表示两者之”表示两者之间比较，用“间比较，用“the+the+比较级”结构。比较级”结构。Which is nearer to
22、 the sun,the moon or the earth 哪个离太阳更近，月球还是地球He is the thinner of the two.他是两人中较瘦的那个。“越来越”用“比较级“越来越”用“比较级andand 比较级”结构，多音节和部分双音节比较级”结构，多音节和部分双音节词用“词用“more and moremore and more 原级”原级”。The weather is becoming colder and colder.天气变得越来越冷了。She is becoming more and more beautiful.她变得越来越美了。表示“越越”时，用“表示“越越
23、”时，用“the+the+比较级，比较级，the+the+比较级”结构。比较级”结构。The more careful you are,the more points you will get.你越细心，得分越多。典型例题典型例题 1 1Of the two sisters,Betty is _ one,and she is also the onewho loves to be quiet.A.a younger B.a youngest C.the youngerD.theyoungest答案：答案：C C典型例题典型例题 2 2Its believed that _ you work,_
24、 result youll get.A.the harder;the better B.the more hard;the morebetterC.the harder;a better D.more hard;more better答案：答案：A A典型例题典型例题 3 3Your story is perfect;Ive never heard _ before.A.the better one B.the best oneC.a better one D.a good one答案：答案：C C考点考点4 4：形容词、副词最高级用法。：形容词、副词最高级用法。表示三者及以上人或物进行比较时
25、用最高级，结构为“表示三者及以上人或物进行比较时用最高级，结构为“the+the+最高级最高级+in/of+in/of+范围”范围”。The picture is the best of all.这幅画是所有画中最好的。She is the most beautiful girl in the class.她是班上最美的女孩。She is my best friend.她是我最好的朋友。表示在三者及以上之间选择，用“表示在三者及以上之间选择，用“which/whowhich/who isis thethe 最高级，最高级，A,A,B B ororC C”。Who is the tallest,
26、Tom,Kate or Bill 汤姆、凯特、比尔，谁最高“最之一”用“最之一”用“one of theone of the 最高级最高级+可数名词复数”结构。可数名词复数”结构。She is one of the most popular teachers in our school.她是我们学校最受欢迎的老师之一。形容词最高级前面加序数词，表示“第几最”形容词最高级前面加序数词，表示“第几最”。She is the second tallest girl in our class.她是我班上第二高的女孩。典型例题典型例题 1 1He is taller than any other boy
27、 in our class.(同义句转换)答案：答案：He is the tallest boy in our class.He is the tallest boy in our class.典型例题典型例题 2 2Which is ,Ann,Susie or TinaA.the shorter B.the shortest C.the most shortest D.short答案：答案：B B典型例题典型例题 3 3She is one of in our class.A.a good student B.the best student C.best students D.thebes
28、t students答案：答案：D D三、综合练习三、综合练习()1.How beautifully she sings!I have never heard _ voice.A.a betterB.a bestC.the betterD.the best()2.She looks very _ but I cant remember her name.A.similarB.familiarC.friendly D.strange()3.Children all looked _ at the broken model plane and felt quite _.A.sad;sadB.sad
29、ly;sadlyC.sad;sadlyD.sadly;sad()4.The child dreamed that he had once lived in a _ house in the forest.A.wooden pretty littleB.little pretty woodenC.pretty little wooden D.wooden little pretty()5.-Which team is _ to win the game-I dont know,but Ive found _ for ours to win.A.probable;it unlikelyB.like
30、ly;it possibleC.possible;it possibleD.likely;it possibly()6.With the development of the Internet,_ communication is done byregular mail.A.lessB.more C.little D.few()7.-If you dont like the red coat,take the blue one.-OK,but do you have _ size in blue This ones a bit tight for me.A.a bigB.a bigger C.
31、the big D.the bigger()8.If there were no examinations,we should have _ at school.A.the happiest timeB.a more happier timeC.much happiest timeD.a much happier time()9.This dress is prettier,but it costs _ that one.A.twice more thanB.twice as much asC.as much twice asD.twice so much as()are required t
32、o take part in the boat raceA.Ten strong young Chinese B.Ten Chinese strong youngC.Chinese ten young strongD.Young strong ten Chinese()11.Allen had to call a taxi because the box was _to carry all the way homeA.much too heavyB.too much heavyC.heavy too muchD.too heavy much()12.Our neighbor has _ours
33、A.as a big house asB.as big a house asC.the same big house as D.a house the same big as()13.We were in _when we left that we forgot the airline tickets A.a rush so anxiousB.a such anxious rushC.so an anxious rushD.such an anxious rush()14.-I was riding along the street and all of a sudden,a car cut
34、in and knockedme down -You can never be _careful in the streetA.muchB.veryC.so D.too()15.-You dont look very _Are you ill -No，Im just a bit tiredA.goodB.well C.strongD.healthy()16.Four of Roberts children were at the party，including _,LukeA.the eldestB.an oldest one C.the oldD.anoldone()17.Many stud
35、ents signed up for the _race in the sports meeting to beheld next weekA.800-metre-long B.800-metres-long C.800 metre length D.800metres length()18.Its always difficult being in a foreign country，_if you dontspeak the language.A.extremelyB.naturallyC.basicallyD.especially()19.In recent years，travel c
36、ompanies have succeeded in selling us the ideathat the further we go，_.A.our holiday will be betterB.our holiday will be the betterC.the better our holiday will be D.the better will our holiday be()20.Whenheheardacryforhelp,heranoutas_ashecould.A.hardlyB.quicklyC.finallyD.slowly()21.“Our team is _ t
37、o win the match.”“Really But I dont think so.”A.easyB.difficultC.possible D.sure()22.A _ road goes _ from one place to another.A.straight;straightB.straightly;straightlyC.straight;straightlyD.straightly;straight()23.“This book is _ more useful for us students.”“Yes,but it is _too difficult.”A.quite;
38、quite B.much;rather C.rather;quiteD.quite;much()24.There was a _ change in the weather,and the rain came pouring down.A.quickB.slowC.fastD.sudden()25.You can speak _ in front of him,but you cant eat _ in hisrestaurant.A.freely;freely B.free;freely C.freely;freeD.free;free()26.Tom will not be at the
39、picnic,_ to the familys disappointment.A.muchB.moreC.toomuchD.much more()27.-I have seen so little of Mike _.Is he away on business-Oh,no.He just leaves for his office early and comes back very _.A.later;latelyB.later;laterC.lately;lateD.late;lately()28.From his _ voice on the phone I know everythin
40、g is well under way.A.satisfactoryB.satisfyingC.satisfiedD.satisfaction()29.In _ Chinese culture,marriage decisions were often made by parentsfor their children.A.traditionalB.historicC.peacefulD.civil()30.The houses in the village are _ built of wood and hay.A.mostB.almostC.nearlyD.mostly()31.-What
41、 do people wear when they go to the theatre -Well,it isnt very _.People can wear anything they like.A.normalB.certainC.modernD.simple()32.Marys biology is _ than _ in the class.A.a lot of better;anyone elsesB.far better;anyoneselsesC.much better;anyone elseD.a lot better;anyone elses()33.We decided
42、not to climb the mountains because it was raining _.A.badlyB.hardlyC.stronglyD.heavily()34.Paris is one of _ cities in the world.A.more beautifullyB.more beautifulC.the most beautifullyD.the most beautiful()35.Are you going to leave_A.the open windowsB.the windows openingC.the windows openD.the wind
43、ows opened()36.Bob never does his homework _ Mary,so he makes lots of mistakes.A.so careful as B.as carefully as C.carefully asD.ascareful as.()37.My sister is good at sports.She can jump _ than me.A.highestB.very highC.too highD.muchhigher()38.When spring comes,the trees get _.A.green and green B.g
44、reen and greener C.greener and green D.greenerand greener()works very _has a rest on Sundays.A.hard;hardlyB.hardly;hard C.hard;hardD.hardly;hardly()learns Russian_.A.goodB.niceC.wellD.fine()boy didnt run_ to catch the bus.A.fast enough B.enough fast C.quick enough D.enough quickly()_ is bad for our
45、health.A.much tooB.too muchC.too moreD.too many()you ever seen _ big panda beforeA.a suchB.such aC.so aD.as()looks very _ today.A.worriedB.worryC.worryingD.to worry()to me.I have _ to tell you.A.important somethingB.important anythingC.something importantD.anything important()46.-How _ can you finis
46、h the drawing -In ten minutes.A.longB.often.C.soonD.rapid()47.This book is _ worth seeing again.A.veryB.quiteC.wellD.much()48.My _ brother is three years _ than I.A.old;olderB.elder;olderC.older;elder D.old;elder()49.We felt _ after we watched the _ football match.A.exciting;excited B.excited;exciting C.excited;excited D.exciting;exciting()50.The old man lived _ in the house,but he didnt feel_.A.lonely;lonelyB.alone;lonely C.alone;aloneD.lonely;alone参考答案参考答案1.A11.A21.D31.B41.A